IOS手势滑动返回总结(边缘+全屏)

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为了提高用户体验,在controller会加上这个操作,我自己写了好多次,但是没有系统的整理过,这会儿又做到这个功能了,索性整理一下。

一、边缘滑动返回

在远古时代,大概是ios7之前,滑动返回这个事儿是不被官方支持的,因为手机屏幕没那么大,IOS7以后,苹果为了提升用户体验,增加了【边缘返回】的手势,注意是边缘,不是全屏,并且在特定条件下,边缘返回会失效,具体是以下几种情况:

  1. 自定义了navigationItem的leftBarButtonItem或leftBarButtonItems
  2. self.navigationItem.hidesBackButton = YES
  3. self.navigationItem.leftItemsSupplementBackButton = NO

为了解决以上问题,有两个方案,拿捏:

方案一:

在UINavigationController基类添加以下:

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    //设置右滑返回手势的代理为自身
    __weak typeof(self) weakself = self;
    if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(interactivePopGestureRecognizer)]) {
        self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate = (id)weakself;
    }
}

#pragma mark - UIGestureRecognizerDelegate
//这个方法是在手势将要激活前调用:返回YES允许右滑手势的激活,返回NO不允许右滑手势的激活
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer
{
    if (gestureRecognizer == self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer) {
        //屏蔽调用rootViewController的滑动返回手势,避免右滑返回手势引起crash
        if (self.viewControllers.count < 2 ||
 self.visibleViewController == [self.viewControllers objectAtIndex:0]) {
            return NO;
        }
    }
    //这里就是非右滑手势调用的方法啦,统一允许激活
    return YES;
}
  • 那么,在特定场景下,我们不希望用户轻易返回,比如在直播间内、在扫码界面等,拿捏:

创建一个UIViewController 的分类:

+ (void)popGestureClose:(UIViewController *)VC
{
    // 禁用侧滑返回手势
    if ([VC.navigationController respondsToSelector:@selector(interactivePopGestureRecognizer)]) {
        //这里对添加到右滑视图上的所有手势禁用
        for (UIGestureRecognizer *popGesture in VC.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.view.gestureRecognizers) {
            popGesture.enabled = NO;
        }
        //若开启全屏右滑,不能再使用下面方法,请对数组进行处理
        //VC.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.enabled = NO;
    }
}

+ (void)popGestureOpen:(UIViewController *)VC
{
    // 启用侧滑返回手势
    if ([VC.navigationController respondsToSelector:@selector(interactivePopGestureRecognizer)]) {
    //这里对添加到右滑视图上的所有手势启用
        for (UIGestureRecognizer *popGesture in VC.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.view.gestureRecognizers) {
            popGesture.enabled = YES;
        }
        //若开启全屏右滑,不能再使用下面方法,请对数组进行处理
        //VC.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.enabled = YES;
    }
}
  • 使用:
- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [super viewDidAppear:animated];
    [UIViewController popGestureClose:self]; //关闭边缘返回
}

- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];
    [UIViewController popGestureOpen:self]; //启动边缘返回
}

方案二:

每个UIViewController都有一个backBarButtonItem,这是个特殊属性,只响应页面的返回和销毁,表现为:只能自定义image和title,不能重写target 或 action。(注意:UINavigationController的左侧是不支持右滑返回手势的)我们通过自定义backBarButtonItem,来实现:既实现“自定义返回按钮(通常自定义leftBarButtonItem或leftBarButtonItems都是为了实现自定义返回按钮)”又保留滑动返回。

拿捏:

在UIViewController基类:

- (void)viewDidLoad{
  
    [super viewDidLoad];
		UIBarButtonItem *backItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:nil action:nil];
     //自定义返回按钮的视图
     [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackIndicatorImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navi_back_icon"]];
     [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackIndicatorTransitionMaskImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navi_back_icon"]];
     //设置tintColor 改变自定图片颜色
     self.navigationController.navigationBar.tintColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
     //设置自定义的返回按钮
     self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = backItem;
}

那么在这种方案下,在特定场景我们不希望用户轻易返回,如何做?

拿捏:

自定义leftBarButtonItemleftBarButtonItems,并设置leftItemsSupplementBackButton = YES

- (void)viewDidLoad{
  
    [super viewDidLoad];
     //自定义返回按钮
     UIButton *backBtn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
     [studySearch setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"back_icon"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
     [studySearch sizeToFit];
     [studySearch addTarget:self action:@selector(backAction) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
     UIBarButtonItem *studySearchItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:studySearch];
     self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItems = @[studySearchItem];
     //是否支持显示左滑返回按钮,
     //NO不显示:leftBarButtonItems覆盖backBarButtonItem,
     //YES显示:backBarButtonItem 显示在leftBarButtonItems左侧
     //leftItemsSupplementBackButton必须在自定义leftBarButtonItem或leftBarButtonItems后才有效
     self.navigationItem.leftItemsSupplementBackButton = YES;
}

以上两个方案已经可以满足大部分开发需求,但还有一种情况,在UIScrollView(UICollectionView)下,返回手势会失灵。

我们先来看看啥原理:

UIScrollView(包括其子类UITextView、UITableView、UICollectionView等)的panGestureRecognizer先接收到手势事件,处理后不再往下传递。即是否让两个panGestureRecognizer都起作用的问题,默认情况下scrollView的手势会让系统的手势失效。so,显而易见,我们需要让两个手势同时启用。

拿捏:

创建UIScrollView的分类

@implementation UIScrollView (PopGesture)

//此方法返回YES时,手势事件会一直往下传递,不论当前层次是否对该事件进行响应。
- (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer{
  
    return YES;
}

- (BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer{
  
    return YES;
}



@end

二、全屏滑动返回

全屏返回这种骚功能,官方从未提供过,可爱的程序员们自己搞出来,以前的做法(ios7之前)大概就是“手势+截图”,画风是这样的:

- (void)viewDidLoad{
    
    [super viewDidLoad];
    UIImageView *shadowImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"leftside_shadow_bg"]];
    shadowImageView.frame = CGRectMake(-10, 0, 10, self.view.frame.size.height);
    [self.view addSubview:shadowImageView];
    
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *recognizer = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(paningGestureReceive:)];
    [recognizer setDelegate:self];
    [recognizer delaysTouchesBegan];
    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:recognizer];
}

- (void)pushViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated{
    
    if (self.viewControllers.count > 0) {
        [self.screenShotsList addObject:[self capture]]; //截图,并放入数组
    }
    [super pushViewController:viewController animated:animated];
}

- (nullable NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)popToRootViewControllerAnimated:(BOOL)animated {
    
    [self.screenShotsList removeAllObjects]; //清空截图
    return [super popToRootViewControllerAnimated:animated];
}

  • 感兴趣的同学可以在 github.com/Ccct/Old_-G… 看到完整代码。

    自从ios7支持【边缘滑动】返回后,【全屏返回】的实现又多了一种思路,江湖人称:移花接木。同样有两个方案。

拿捏:

方案一:

在UINavigationController基类中:

- (void)viewDidLoad{
  
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // 获取系统自带滑动手势的target对象
    id target = self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate;
    // 创建全屏滑动手势,调用系统自带滑动手势的target的action方法
    SEL handler = NSSelectorFromString(@"handleNavigationTransition:");
    UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:target action:handler];
		//设置手势代理,拦截手势触发
		pan.delegate = self;
		//添加全屏滑动手势
		[self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.view addGestureRecognizer:pan];
		// 禁止使用系统自带的边缘滑动手势
		self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.enabled = NO;
    //设置右滑返回手势的代理为自身
    __weak typeof(self) weakself = self;
    if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(interactivePopGestureRecognizer)]) {
        self.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate = (id)weakself;
    }
}

注意,这里的 pan.delegate = self; 可能系统会打警告⚠️,因为没有申明和实现代理 UIGestureRecognizerDelegate ,不实现也木有关系的,不过实现的话,可以再加一些判断,出于安全和为了去掉警告,我们来加一下。

拿捏:

@interface UIViewController()<UIGestureRecognizerDelegate>
@end
  
... ... 

- (BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer{

    //控制器栈里只有一个,不响应
    if (self.navigationController.viewControllers.count <= 1) {
        return NO;
    }
    // 当控制器正在返回的时候,不响应
    if ([[self.navigationController valueForKey:@"_isTransitioning"] boolValue]) {
        return NO;
    }
    //只能响应 从左到右的滑动
    CGPoint translation = [gestureRecognizer translationInView:gestureRecognizer.view];
    if (translation.x <= 0) {
        return NO;
    }
    return YES;
}

还有一处细节,每个UIViewController都会默认添加 navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer手势,而我们再基类又给加了一次,这不是变成两个interactivePopGestureRecognizer了吗,既然如此,我们禁用掉一个!

拿捏:

在UIViewController基类中:

- (void)viewDidLoad{
  
    [super viewDidLoad];
  	if(self.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.view.gestureRecognizers.count == 2 ){
        
        for (UIGestureRecognizer *popGesture in self.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.view.gestureRecognizers) {
            popGesture.enabled = NO;
            break;
        }
    }
}

方案二

此方案最方便快捷。

pod 'FDFullscreenPopGesture'

pod 'TZScrollViewPopGesture'

FDFullscreenPopGesture为每个UIViewController添加【全屏滑动返回】,但遇到UIScrollView就无效了

TZScrollViewPopGesture主要是实现【边缘滑动返回】功能,不过这个是次要,主要是,它提供了给UIScrollView添加【边缘滑动返回】的功能。

这俩不会互相影响,功能互补,详细原理可以去看看源码,这儿就不细写了。