微服务系列之ZooKeeper注册中心03：zookeeper介绍与安装

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一、Zookeeper 介绍

Apache ZooKeeper 是一个开放源码的分布式应用程序协调组件，是 Hadoop 和 Hbase 的重要组件。它是一个为分布式应用提供一致性服务的软件，提供的功能包括：配置维护、域名服务、分布式同步、组服务等。

在微服务项目开发中 ZooKeeper 主要的角色是当做服务注册中心存在，我们将编写好的服务注册至 ZooKeeper 即可。

二、ZooKeeper 安装

环境准备

ZooKeeper 在 Java 中运行，版本 1.8 或更高（JDK 8 LTS，JDK 11 LTS，JDK 12 - Java 9 和 10 不支持）

下载

ZooKeeper 下载地址：

安装

将文件上传至 Linux 服务器。

单机版

创建目录/解压

创建 zookeeper 目录。

mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper

将文件解压至该目录。

tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/zookeeper/

创建数据目录、日志目录。

mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/datamkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log
修改配置文件
# 进入配置文件目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/conf/
# ZooKeeper 启动默认加载名为 zoo.cfg 的配置文件，复制一份命名为 zoo.cfg
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
# 修改配置文件
vi zoo.cfg

主要修改数据目录dataDir、日志目录dataLogDir两处即可，修改结果如下：

# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial 
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between 
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just 
# example sakes.
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the 
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

## Metrics Providers
#
# https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter
#metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider
#metricsProvider.httpPort=7000
#metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true
启动/关闭

启动。

cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/
bin/zkServer.sh start
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED

关闭。

cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/
bin/zkServer.sh stop
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED

集群版

再准备两台机器，和刚才单机的机器加一起构成一个集群环境（如果电脑跑不动就改为一台机器跑三个进程的方式）。

创建目录/解压

创建 zookeeper 目录。

mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper

将文件解压至该目录。

tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/zookeeper/

创建数据目录、日志目录。

mkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/datamkdir -p /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log
myid 文件

在 data 目录下创建 myid 文件，文件中就只写个 1 即可，其他两个机器分别写 2和 3。

cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data/vi myid
修改配置文件
# 进入配置文件目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/conf/
# zookeeper 启动默认加载名为 zoo.cfg 的配置文件，所以复制一份命名为 zoo.cfg
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
# 修改配置文件
vi zoo.cfg

主要修改：

  • 数据目录dataDir
  • 日志目录dataLogDir
  • 端口clientPort（如果是一台机器的伪集群，需要修改 2181 端口，比如：2181、2182、2183）
  • 集群配置（如果是一台机器的伪集群，需要修改 2888 和 3888 的端口，比如：2888、2889、2890 和 3888、3889、3890）
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial 
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between 
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just 
# example sakes.
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/data
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/log
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the 
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

## Metrics Providers
#
# https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter
#metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider
#metricsProvider.httpPort=7000
#metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true
# 集群配置
# server.1 中的 1 是 myid 文件中的内容，2888 用于集群内部通信，3888 用于选择 leader
server.1=192.168.10.101:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.10.102:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.10.103:2888:3888
启动/关闭

启动。

cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/
bin/zkServer.sh start
#################################################################################
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED

关闭。

cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/
bin/zkServer.sh stop
#################################################################################
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED
集群状态查看
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/
bin/zkServer.sh status
################################ 192.168.10.101 ################################
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181\. Client address: localhost.
Mode: follower
################################ 192.168.10.102 ################################
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181\. Client address: localhost.
Mode: leader
################################ 192.168.10.103 ################################
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.6.1-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181\. Client address: localhost.
Mode: follower

看到以上信息说明 ZooKeeper 集群环境已搭建成功，接下来就可以通过 RPC 框架对接 ZooKeeper，将 ZooKeeper 作为我们的注册中心来使用。点击获取 java微服务架构、spring全家桶视频教程。本文作者：哈喽沃德先生，欢迎关注。

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