SpringBoot + WebSocket 实现实时聊天
最近有点小时间,上个项目正好用到了websocket实现广播消息来着,现在来整理一下之前的一些代码,分享给大家。
WebSocket协议是基于TCP的一种新的网络协议。它实现了浏览器与服务器全双工(full-duplex)通信——允许服务器主动发送信息给客户端。
一、环境介绍
开发工具:IntelliJ IDEA
运行环境:SpringBoot2.x、ReconnectingWebSocket、JDK1.8+、Maven 3.6 +
ReconnectingWebSocket 是一个小型的 JavaScript 库,封装了 WebSocket API 提供了在连接断开时自动重连的机制。
只需要简单的将:
ws = new WebSocket('ws://....');替换成:
ws = new ReconnectingWebSocket('ws://....');WebSocket 属性ws.readyState:
0 - 表示连接尚未建立。
1 - 表示连接已建立,可以进行通信。
2 - 表示连接正在进行关闭。
3 - 表示连接已经关闭或者连接不能打开。
WebSocket事件:
事件 事件处理程序 描述 open ws.onopen 连接建立时触发 message ws.onmessage 客户端接收服务端数据时触发 error ws.onerror 通信发生错误时触发 close ws.onclose 连接关闭时触发 WebSocket方法:
方法 描述 Socket.send() 使用连接发送数据 Socket.close() 关闭连接
二、代码实现
(一)、创建SpringBoot项目
(二)、添加 pom 依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- springbooot 集成 websocket -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.71</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
(三)、编写前端模板index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>SpringBoot-ws</title>
<script src="../js/reconnectingwebsocket.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<!-- <script src="../js/sockjs.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>-->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="info">
<div>发送人:<input type="text" id="suer" required="required" placeholder="请输入发送人"></div>
<div>接收人:<input type="text" id="ruser" required="required" placeholder="请输入接收人"></div>
</div>
<div id="index">
</div>
<div class="msg">
<textarea id="send_content" placeholder="在此输入消息..."></textarea>
</div>
<div class="ibtn c">
<button onclick=openWebsocket()>开启连接</button>
<button onclick=closeWebsocket()>关闭连接</button>
<button onclick=sendMessage()>发送消息</button>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.getElementById('send_content').focus();
var websocket = null;
//关闭websocket
function closeWebsocket() {
//3代表已经关闭
if (3 != websocket.readyState) {
websocket.close();
} else {
alert("websocket之前已经关闭");
}
}
// 开启websocket
function openWebsocket() {
username = $("#suer").val()
if (username != "") {
//当前浏览前是否支持websocket
if ("WebSocket" in window) {
websocket = new ReconnectingWebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/send/" + username);
websocket.reconnectInterval = 3000 //每3s进行一次重连,默认是每秒
} else if ('MozWebSocket' in window) {
websocket = new MozWebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/send/" + username);
} else {
//低版本
websocket = new SockJS("http://localhost:8080/sockjs/send/" + username);
}
}
websocket.onopen = function (event) {
setMessage("打开连接");
}
websocket.onclose = function (event) {
setMessage("关闭连接");
}
websocket.onmessage = function (event) {
// setMessage(event.data);
setMessageTxt(event.data)
}
websocket.onerror = function (event) {
setMessage("连接异常,正在重连中...");
}
//监听窗口关闭事件,当窗口关闭时,主动去关闭websocket连接,防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口,server端会抛异常。
window.onbeforeunload = function () {
closeWebsocket();
}
}
//将消息显示在网页上
function setMessage(message) {
alert(message)
}
function setMessageTxt(message) {
mObj = JSON.parse(message)
var div = document.createElement('div')
div.innerHTML = "<div class='name l'><h2>" + mObj['from_topic'] + "</h2></div>" +
"<div class='content w l'>" + mObj['content'] + "</div>"
div.setAttribute("class", "from_info")
document.getElementById('index').appendChild(div)
}
// 发送消息
function sendMessage() {
//1代表正在连接
if (1 == websocket.readyState) {
var message = document.getElementById('send_content').value;
var div = document.createElement('div')
div.innerHTML = "<div class='name r rcontent'><h2> Me </h2></div>" +
"<div class='content w r'>" + message + "</div>"
div.setAttribute("class", "send_info")
document.getElementById('index').appendChild(div)
ruser = document.getElementById("ruser").value;
message = "{'content':'" + message + "','to_topic':'" + ruser + "'}"
websocket.send(message);
} else {
alert("websocket未连接");
}
document.getElementById('send_content').value = "";
document.getElementById('send_content').focus();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
(四)、服务端代码编写
-
编写 SWCrontroller.java 类
package com.jhzhong.swchat.controller; import com.jhzhong.swchat.websocket.WebSocketServer; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; @Controller public class SWController { @Autowired private WebSocketServer webSocketServer; /** * author: jhzhong95@gmail.com * date: 2020-06-24 12:35 AM * desc: 跳转index.html页面 * @return */ @RequestMapping("/") public String index() { return "index"; } } -
编写
WebSocketConfig.java类,开启WebSocket支持。package com.jhzhong.swchat.websocket; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter; /** * author: jhzhong95@gmail.com * date: 2020-06-24 12:28 AM * desc: 开启WebSocket支持 */ @Configuration public class WebSocketConfig { @Bean public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter(){ return new ServerEndpointExporter(); } } -
编写核心代码类
WebSocketServer.javapackage com.jhzhong.swchat.websocket; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import freemarker.log.Logger; import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.websocket.*; import javax.websocket.server.PathParam; import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; /** * author: jhzhong95@gmail.com * date: 2020-06-24 12:40 AM * desc: WebSocket服务端 */ @ServerEndpoint("/send/{topic}") @Component public class WebSocketServer { static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("WebSocketServer"); /** * 静态变量,用来记录当前在线连接数。应该把它设计成线程安全的。 */ private static int onlineCount = 0; /** * concurrent包的线程安全Set,用来存放每个客户端对应的MyWebSocket对象。 */ private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocketServer> webSocketMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); /** * 与某个客户端的连接会话,需要通过它来给客户端发送数据 */ private Session session; /** * 接收频道topic */ private String topic = ""; /** * 连接建立成功调用的方法 */ @OnOpen public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("topic") String topic) { this.session = session; this.topic = topic; if (webSocketMap.containsKey(topic)) { webSocketMap.remove(topic); webSocketMap.put(topic, this); //加入set中 } else { webSocketMap.put(topic, this); //加入set中 addOnlineCount(); //在线数加1 } logger.info("用户连接:" + topic + ",当前在线人数为:" + getOnlineCount()); try { sendMessage("连接成功"); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("用户:" + topic + ",网络异常!!!!!!"); } } /** * 连接关闭调用的方法 */ @OnClose public void onClose() { if (webSocketMap.containsKey(topic)) { webSocketMap.remove(topic); //从set中删除 subOnlineCount(); } logger.info("用户退出:" + topic + ",当前在线人数为:" + getOnlineCount()); } /** * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法 * * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息 */ @OnMessage public void onMessage(String message, Session session) { logger.info("用户:" + topic + ",信息:" + message); //可以群发消息 //消息保存到数据库、redis if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message)) { try { //解析发送的报文 JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(message); //追加发送人(防止串改) jsonObject.put("from_topic", this.topic); String to_topic = jsonObject.getString("to_topic"); //传送给对应toUserId用户的websocket if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(to_topic) && webSocketMap.containsKey(to_topic)) { webSocketMap.get(to_topic).sendMessage(jsonObject.toJSONString()); } else { logger.error("请求的to_topic:" + to_topic + "不在该服务器上"); //否则不在这个服务器上,发送到mysql或者redis } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * @param session * @param error */ @OnError public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) { logger.error("用户错误:" + this.topic + ",原因:" + error.getMessage()); error.printStackTrace(); } /** * 实现服务器主动推送 */ public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException { this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message); } /** * 发送自定义消息 */ public static void sendInfo(String message, @PathParam("topic") String topic) throws IOException { logger.info("发送消息到:" + topic + ",信息:" + message); if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(topic) && webSocketMap.containsKey(topic)) { webSocketMap.get(topic).sendMessage(message); } else { logger.error("用户" + topic + ",不在线!"); } } public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() { return onlineCount; } public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() { WebSocketServer.onlineCount++; } public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() { WebSocketServer.onlineCount--; } }
三、运行截图
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首页截图