thymeleaf介绍:
Thymeleaf是个XML/XHTML/HTML5模板引擎,可以用于Web与非Web应用。
thymeleaf优点:静态html嵌入标签属性,浏览器可以直接打开模板文件,便于前后端联调。springboot官方推荐方案。
thymeleaf缺点:模板必须符合xml规范,就这一点就可以判死刑!太不方便了!js脚本必须加
thymeleaf创建步骤:
1.首先新建一个springboot项目
2.pom.xml的设置
<?xmlj version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>cn.knet.domain</groupId>
<artifactId>knet-record-information-task</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>knet-record-information-task</name>
<description>springboot项目</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>nz.net.ultraq.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-layout-dialect</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.application.yml文件的设置
spring:
thymeleaf:
cache: false #cache: 是否缓存,开发模式下设置为false,避免改了模板还要重启服务器,线上设置为true,可以提高性能。
mvc:
date-format: yyyy-MM-dd
server:
port: 80如果不适用默认的thymeleaf的路径,可以进行自行设置(原因见6.原理部分)
spring:
thymeleaf:
prefix: classpath:/templates/ #prefix:指定模板所在的目录
check-template-location: true #check-tempate-location: 检查模板路径是否存在
cache: false #cache: 是否缓存,开发模式下设置为false,避免改了模板还要重启服务器,线上设置为true,可以提高性能。
suffix: .html
mode: HTML5
encoding: utf-8
4.页面的编写
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping(value = {"index","/"})
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping(value = {"/login"})
public ModelAndView login(){
Map map=new HashMap<>();
map.put("welcome","welcome you!");
return new ModelAndView("login",map);
}
}templates文件间下创建页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<title>用户管理系统</title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body class="container">
<div id="wrapper" class="toggled">
index
</div>
</body>
</html>login页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<title>用户管理系统</title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}">
</head>
<body class="container">
<div id="wrapper" class="toggled">
登录<h3 th:text="${welcome}" style="color: red"></h3>
</div>
</body>
</html>5.thymeleaf的使用
具体的使用可查看官方文档:www.thymeleaf.org/
后续会介绍thymeleaf的使用
6.实现原理:
1)
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public @interface SpringBootApplication
2)
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
return configurations;
}在META-INF/spring.factories文件中配置很多要自动装配的类,其中就包括:
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider查看ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider这个类可看到,默认的前后缀及加载地址的设置:
public class ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider implements TemplateAvailabilityProvider {
public ThymeleafTemplateAvailabilityProvider() {
}
public boolean isTemplateAvailable(String view, Environment environment, ClassLoader classLoader, ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
if (ClassUtils.isPresent("org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine", classLoader)) {
String prefix = environment.getProperty("spring.thymeleaf.prefix", "classpath:/templates/");
String suffix = environment.getProperty("spring.thymeleaf.suffix", ".html");
return resourceLoader.getResource(prefix + view + suffix).exists();
} else {
return false;
}
}
}所以可以使用来改变thymeleaf模板的路径等
spring:
thymeleaf:
prefix: classpath:/templates/ #prefix:指定模板所在的目录
check-template-location: true #check-tempate-location: 检查模板路径是否存在
cache: false #cache: 是否缓存,开发模式下设置为false,避免改了模板还要重启服务器,线上设置为true,可以提高性能。
suffix: .html
mode: HTML5
encoding: utf-8