一、概述
CyclicBarrier可循环使用的屏障,主要功能是拦截一组线程,直到最后一个线程到达屏障,屏障才会放行;
二、常用方法
1、int await()
在指定的数量的线程未到达时,所有线程都会在此阻塞
2、int await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
只有在指定数量的线程到达时,或者等待时间超过timeout才会放行
3、boolean isBroken()
查询屏障是否损坏
4、void reset()
重置为初始状态,所有等待线程抛出BrokenBarrierException异常
5、int getNumberWaiting()
返回正在等待的线程数
5、int getParties()
返回需要到达屏障的线程数
三、源码解析
主要是基于ReentrantLock和Condition实现
1、构造函数
public CyclicBarrier(int parties) {
this(parties, null);
}
public CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction) {
// parties需要的线程参与数
if (parties <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
this.parties = parties;
// 计数器,当count为0,则表示可以放行
this.count = parties;
// 屏障启动调用的自定义函数
this.barrierCommand = barrierAction;
}
2、await
public int await() throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException {
try {
return dowait(false, 0L);
} catch (TimeoutException toe) {
throw new Error(toe); // cannot happen
}
}
private int dowait(boolean timed, long nanos)
throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException,
TimeoutException {
final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
// 加锁,保证线程安全
lock.lock();
try {
// 静态内部类,持有屏障是否损坏
final Generation g = generation;
if (g.broken)
// 如果损坏则抛出异常
throw new BrokenBarrierException();
if (Thread.interrupted()) {
// 线程中断则将屏障设置为损坏,count重置为parties,唤醒所有等待线程,所有线程都将抛出异常
breakBarrier();
throw new InterruptedException();
}
int index = --count;
if (index == 0) { // tripped
// 计数器为0,表示所有线程都已到达
boolean ranAction = false;
try {
final Runnable command = barrierCommand;
if (command != null)
// 如果不为null则执行创建CyclicBarrier时定义的动作,一般没有
command.run();
ranAction = true;
// 唤醒所有等待线程并重置parties,换代,创建新的Generation
nextGeneration();
return 0;
} finally {
// 如果自定义的操作报错则设置屏障损坏
if (!ranAction)
breakBarrier();
}
}
// 这里表示计数器未归零,进入等待,自旋直到指定线程数到达、损坏、中断、超时
for (;;) {
try {
// 使用condition的await实现阻塞
if (!timed)
trip.await();
else if (nanos > 0L)
nanos = trip.awaitNanos(nanos);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
if (g == generation && ! g.broken) {
breakBarrier();
throw ie;
} else {
// We're about to finish waiting even if we had not
// been interrupted, so this interrupt is deemed to
// "belong" to subsequent execution.
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
// 唤醒后操作
// 损坏则抛出异常
if (g.broken)
throw new BrokenBarrierException();
// 如果换代则返回index
if (g != generation)
return index;
if (timed && nanos <= 0L) {
// 超时异常,设置为损坏
breakBarrier();
throw new TimeoutException();
}
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
使用ReentrantLock保证线程安全,使用Condition来实现阻塞和线程唤醒 Generation对象用于换代,来实现可循环使用
换代方法:重置count,换代
private void nextGeneration() {
// signal completion of last generation
trip.signalAll();
// set up next generation
count = parties;
generation = new Generation();
}
损坏方法:重置count,设置broken为true
private void breakBarrier() {
generation.broken = true;
count = parties;
trip.signalAll();
}
3、await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
带有超时时间的await,主体方法还是调用上面介绍的dowait方法
public int await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
throws InterruptedException,
BrokenBarrierException,
TimeoutException {
return dowait(true, unit.toNanos(timeout));
}
4、reset
reset方法很简单就是先设置屏障损坏,让所有等待线程唤醒并抛出BrokenBarrierException,再执行换代方法重置计数器
public void reset() {
final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
lock.lock();
try {
breakBarrier(); // break the current generation
nextGeneration(); // start a new generation
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}