python下方法类方法静态方法的区别

示例

class A:
    explanation = 'this is my problem'

    def normal_method(self, name):
        # print(self)  # 实例方法隐含的参数为类实例self
        print(self.explanation)

    @classmethod
    def class_method(cls, explanation):
        # print(cls)  # 类方法隐含的参数为类本身cls
        print(cls.explanation)

    @staticmethod
    def static_method(explanation):  # 静态方法无隐含参数
        print(explanation)


a = A()
a.explanation = 'this is new'
print(a.normal_method('explanation'))  # this is  new
# print(A.normal_method('explanation'))  # error  实例方法（普通方法）应该由实例调用，类不能调用

print(a.class_method('explanation'))  # this is my problem
print(A.class_method('explanation'))  # this is my problem

print(a.static_method('haha'))  # haha
print(A.static_method('wawa'))  # wawa

# b = A()
# print(b.normal_method('explanation'))  # this is  new
# print(b.class_method('explanation'))   # this is my problem

总结

实例方法（普通方法）———>随着实例属性的改变而改变

类方法（无论是类调用还是实例调用）———>都是类属性的值，不随实例属性的变化而变化

静态方法———>不可以访问类属性，故直接输出传入方法的值