介绍
- Compose是用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具。
- 通过Compose，您可以使用YAML文件来配置应用程序的服务。
- 使用一个命令，就可以从配置中创建并启动所有服务
- Compose可在所有环境中工作：生产，登台，开发，测试以及CI工作流
compose 使用步骤：
-
使用定义您的应用环境，Dockerfile以便可以在任何地方复制它。
-
定义组成应用程序的服务，docker-compose.yml 以便它们可以在隔离的环境中一起运行。
-
Run docker-compose upand Compose启动并运行您的整个应用程序。
安装
mac os 默认安装
测试
> docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.24.1, build 4667896b
compose yaml结构解说
build
version: "3.7"
services:
webapp:
build:
context: ./dir
dockerfile: Dockerfile-alternate
args:
buildno: 1
cache_from:
- alpine:latest
- corp/web_app:3.14
labels:
com.example.description: "Accounting webapp"
com.example.department: "Finance"
com.example.label-with-empty-value: ""
# labels:
#- "com.example.description=Accounting webapp"
#- "com.example.department=Finance"
#- "com.example.label-with-empty-value"
shm_size: '2gb'
shm_size: '2gb'
cap_add
cap_add:
- ALL
cap_drop
cap_drop:
- NET_ADMIN
- SYS_ADMIN
cgroup_parent
cgroup_parent: m-executor-abcd
command
command: bundle exec thin -p 3000 # or
command: ["bundle", "exec", "thin", "-p", "3000"]
configs
# short
version: "3.7"
services:
redis:
image: redis:latest
deploy:
replicas: 1
configs:
- my_config
- my_other_config
configs:
my_config:
file: ./my_config.txt
my_other_config:
external: true
# long
version: "3.7"
services:
redis:
image: redis:latest
deploy:
replicas: 1
configs:
- source: my_config
target: /redis_config
uid: '103'
gid: '103'
mode: 0440
configs:
my_config:
file: ./my_config.txt
my_other_config:
external: true
container_name
container_name: my-web-container
credential_spec
credential_spec:
file: my-credential-spec.json
# or
version: "3.8"
services:
myservice:
image: myimage:latest
credential_spec:
config: my_credential_spec
configs:
my_credentials_spec:
file: ./my-credential-spec.json|
depends_on
version: "3.7"
services:
web:
build: .
depends_on:
- db
- redis
redis:
image: redis
db:
image: postgres
deploy
version: "3.7"
services:
redis:
image: redis:alpine
deploy:
replicas: 6
endpoint_mode: vip
resources:
limits:
cpus: '0.50'
memory: 50M
reservations:
cpus: '0.25'
memory: 20M
placement:
constraints:
- node.role == manager
- engine.labels.operatingsystem == ubuntu 14.04
preferences:
- spread: node.labels.zone
labels:
com.example.description: "This label will appear on the web service"
update_config:
parallelism: 2
delay: 10s
restart_policy:
condition: on-failure
devices
devices:
- "/dev/ttyUSB0:/dev/ttyUSB0"
dns
dns:
- 8.8.8.8
- 9.9.9.9
dns_search
dns_search:
- dc1.example.com
- dc2.example.com
entrypoint
entrypoint:
- php
- -d
- zend_extension=/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/xdebug.so
- -d
- memory_limit=-1
- vendor/bin/phpunit
env_file
env_file:
- ./common.env
- ./apps/web.env
- /opt/secrets.env
environment
environment:
- RACK_ENV=development
- SHOW=true
- SESSION_SECRET
expose
expose:
- "3000"
- "8000"
external_links
external_links:
- redis_1
- project_db_1:mysql
- project_db_1:postgresql
extra_hosts
extra_hosts:
- "somehost:162.242.195.82"
- "otherhost:50.31.209.229"
healthcheck
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost"]
interval: 1m30s
timeout: 10s
retries: 3
start_period: 40s
image
image: redis
image: ubuntu:14.04
image: tutum/influxdb
image: example-registry.com:4000/postgresql
image: a4bc65fd
init
version: "3.7"
services:
web:
image: alpine:latest
init: true
logging:
driver: syslog
options:
syslog-address: "tcp://192.168.0.42:123"
links:
- db
- db:database
- redis
labels:
- "com.example.description=Accounting webapp"
- "com.example.department=Finance"
- "com.example.label-with-empty-value"
network_mode
network_mode: "bridge"
network_mode: "host"
network_mode: "none"
network_mode: "service:[service name]"
network_mode: "container:[container name/id]"
docker compose yaml最终结构
version: "3.7"
services:
webapp:
image: webapp:tag
cap_add:
- ALL
cap_drop:
- NET_ADMIN
- SYS_ADMIN
cgroup_parent: m-executor-abcd
command: bundle exec thin -p 3000
container_name: my-web-container
credential_spec:
config: my_credential_spec
build:
context: ./dir # 相对于yml文件
dockerfile: Dockerfile-alternate
depends_on:
- db
- redis
args:
buildno: 1 # - buildno=1 也可以 ,需要dockerfile 定义ARG buildno
cache_from:
- alpine:latest
- corp/web_app:3.14
labels:
com.example.description: "Accounting webapp"
com.example.department: "Finance"
com.example.label-with-empty-value: ""
shm_size: '2gb' # shm_size: 10000000 也可以
deploy:
replicas: 1
devices:
- "/dev/ttyUSB0:/dev/ttyUSB0"
dns: 8.8.8.8
dns_search: example.com
entrypoint: /code/entrypoint.sh
env_file:
- ./common.env
- ./apps/web.env
- /opt/secrets.env
environment:
RACK_ENV: development
SHOW: 'true'
SESSION_SECRET:
expose:
- "3000"
- "8000"
external_links:
- redis_1
- project_db_1:mysql
- project_db_1:postgresql
extra_hosts:
- "somehost:162.242.195.82"
- "otherhost:50.31.209.229"
links:
- db
- db:database
- redis
logging:
driver: syslog
options:
syslog-address: "tcp://192.168.0.42:123"
ports:
- "3000"
- "3000-3005"
- "8000:8000"
- "9090-9091:8080-8081"
- "49100:22"
- "127.0.0.1:8001:8001"
- "127.0.0.1:5000-5010:5000-5010"
- "6060:6060/udp"
restart: on-failure
stop_signal: SIGUSR1
ulimits:
nproc: 65535
nofile:
soft: 20000
hard: 40000
configs:
- source: my_config
target: /redis_config
uid: '103'
gid: '103'
mode: 0440
redis:
image: redis
db:
image: postgres
configs:
my_config:
file: ./my_config.txt
my_other_config:
external: true
my_credentials_spec:
file: ./my-credential-spec.json|
参考文献
本文作者：前端首席体验师(CheongHu)
联系邮箱：simple2012hcz@126.com
