nginx笔记

一、Tomcat、Apache、Nginx三者区别

【Apache】、【Nginx】是HTTP服务器，其本身也是一种应用程序，运行在服务器之上，侦听某一tcp端口，浏览器便可以根据HTTP协议获取存在服务器上的文本、图片、视频、网页等静态资源。

【Tomcat】是应用服务器，是Servlet/JSP应用运行的容器。Tomcat能够动态生成资源返回至浏览器，而Apache、Nginx返回的资源是固定的（无论何时何人访问，返回的资源是相同的，即静态资源），Tomcat返回的动态资源不同时间、不同客户端返回的结果不同。

二、配置文件nginx.conf的结构

1、全局块，包含影响nginx整体运行的指令

2、events块，涉及的指令影响nginx服务器与用户的网络连接

3、http块，服务器配置最频繁的区域，包括http全局块和serve

/**#################全局块#################**/
#user  nobody;  //定义nginx运行的用户或用户组
worker_processes  1;   //nginx并发处理进程的数量

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


/**#####################events块####################**/events {
    worker_connections  1024;  //nginx每个进程的最大客户连接数
}                       //nginx最大客户连接数 = worker_processes*worker_connections

/**####################http块#######################**/http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}