Springmvc:Hello World程序

Peng_xs
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Springmvc : hello world

1、新建一个maven项目，项目名称为02-springmvc-helloworld,在pom.xml中添加我们所需要的jar包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.pxs.maven</groupId>
	<artifactId>02-springmvc-helloworld</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>02-springmvc-helloworld Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<!-- spring版本号 -->
		<spring.version>5.1.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>3.8.1</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 导入springmvc所需要的jar包 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>


	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>02-springmvc-helloworld</finalName>
	</build>
</project>

2、在web.xml中注册我们的前端控制器DisptcherSerlvet,它的作用是将请求转发到控制器Controller，也是整个springmvc的核心

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
	
	<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 参数设置springmvc的配置文件存放路径 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<!-- 对*.do的请求进行控制转发-->
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3、添加springmvc的配置文件：spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
 
 
        <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller" />
        <!-- 添加注解驱动 -->
 		<mvc:annotation-driven/>
 		
 		
        <!-- 配置视图解析器 如何把handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name = "prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
            <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"></property>
        </bean>
</beans>

4、新建包：com.springmvc.controller，创建控制器：HelloWorld.java

package com.springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

//@Controller注解的作用是将一个普通的class注册为控制器
//@RequestMapping的作用就是用来匹配路由，前端输入该路由就可以访问到这个控制器
//这个匹配的过程就是由disptcherServlet完成的
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/springmvc")
public class HelloWorld {
	@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
	public ModelAndView helloWorld(){
		//ModelAndView类型的数据可以用来存放数据和设置转发的前端页面
		ModelAndView modelMap = new ModelAndView();
		//addObject()方法就是将数据存放到session域中去，这样前端就可以在session域中获取这个值了
		modelMap.addObject("message", "springmvc:hello world!");
		//setViewName()方法就是用来设置转发到的前端页面的，因为在spring-mvc.xml已经配置了视图解析器 
		//所以这里的转发的前端页面为"/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp"
		modelMap.setViewName("hello");
		return modelMap;
	}
}

5、按照控制器中设置的前端页面将对应的路径和文件创建出来：“WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp"

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<!-- 从session域中将message数据取出来 -->
	${message }
</body>
</html>

6、验证结果，将项目通过tomcat启动，在浏览器地址栏输入

http://localhost:8080/02-springmvc-helloworld/springmvc/hello.do

浏览器输出"springmvc:hello world!"就说明项目输出成功了

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