Java 反射

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反射

定义: java反射机制是在运行状态中,对于任意一个,都能够知道这个类的所有属性和方法; 对于任意一个对象,都能够调用它的任意方法和属性;这种动态获取信息以及动态调用对象方法的功能称为java的反射机制

使用:Class.forname("绝对路径") 类:Robot:

package com.interview.javabasic.reflect;

public class Robot {
    private String name;
    public void sayHi(String helloSentence){
        System.out.println(helloSentence + " " + name);
    }
    private String throwHello(String tag){
        return "Hello " + tag;
    }
    static {
        System.out.println("Hello Robot");
    }
}

反射

public class ReflectSample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException, NoSuchFieldException {
        Class rc = Class.forName("com.interview.javabasic.reflect.Robot");
        Robot r = (Robot) rc.newInstance();
        System.out.println("Class name is " + rc.getName());
        Method getHello = rc.getDeclaredMethod("throwHello", String.class);
        getHello.setAccessible(true);
        Object str = getHello.invoke(r, "Bob");
        System.out.println("getHello result is " + str);
        Method sayHi = rc.getMethod("sayHi", String.class);
        sayHi.invoke(r, "Welcome");
        Field name = rc.getDeclaredField("name");
        name.setAccessible(true);
        name.set(r, "Alice");
        sayHi.invoke(r, "Welcome");
        System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.ext.dirs"));
        System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.class.path"));

    }
}
  • Class.forname获取到类
  • newInstance()通过调用构造器创建该对象
  • setAccessible非公共方法需要设置
  • getDeclaredMethod获取该对象所有方法(没有继承方法),getMethod获取该对象所有公有方法(包括基础的公有方法)
  • invoke jdk的动态代理执行对象方法
  • getDeclaredField获取所有属性

输出如下:

Class name is com.yunche.reflect.Robot
throwHello result is Hello Bob
Welcome null
sayHi result is null
Welcome Alice

Java--ClassLoader