date
命令主要用途
- 1、查询当前时间
$> date
Wed Jan 13 22:47:50 CST 2019 //获取当前时间
- 2、获取当前时间对应时间戳
$> date +%s
1547391600
- 3、获取某个时间节点对应的时间戳
$> date -d '2019-01-13 23:00:00' +%s
1547391600
- 4、获取时间戳对应的时间节点
$> date --date='@1547391600'
Sun Jan 13 23:00:00 CST 2019
$> date -d '@1547391600'
Sun Jan 13 23:00:00 CST 2019
// 用户可以自定义日志显示格式
$> date -d '@1547391600' +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
2019-01-13 23:00:00
%> date -d '@1547391600' +"%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S"
2019-01-13 11:00:00
$> date -d '@1547391600' +"%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %A"
2019-01-13 11:00:00 Sunday
关于 date
的详细说明
Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
or: date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
// 最主要的,通过 -d 指定时间.
-d, --date=STRING display time described by STRING, not 'now'
-f, --file=DATEFILE like --date once for each line of DATEFILE
-I[TIMESPEC], --iso-8601[=TIMESPEC] output date/time in ISO 8601 format.
TIMESPEC='date' for date only (the default),
'hours', 'minutes', 'seconds', or 'ns' for date
and time to the indicated precision.
-r, --reference=FILE display the last modification time of FILE
-R, --rfc-2822 output date and time in RFC 2822 format.
Example: Mon, 07 Aug 2006 12:34:56 -0600
--rfc-3339=TIMESPEC output date and time in RFC 3339 format.
TIMESPEC='date', 'seconds', or 'ns' for
date and time to the indicated precision.
Date and time components are separated by
a single space: 2006-08-07 12:34:56-06:00
// 设定时间
-s, --set=STRING set time described by STRING
-u, --utc, --universal print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
//时间格式规则参考
FORMAT controls the output. Interpreted sequences are:
%% a literal %
//查看星期
%a locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)
%A locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)
//查看月份
%b locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)
%B locale's full month name (e.g., January)
//本地时间和日期
%c locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005)
//查看世纪
%C century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20)
//当月中第几天
%d day of month (e.g., 01)
//查看日期,等同%m/%d/%y
%D date; same as %m/%d/%y
%e day of month, space padded; same as %_d
//日期,等同%Y-%m-%d
%F full date; same as %Y-%m-%d
//年份后两位数字
%g last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)
//年份
%G year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V
//月份,不是12制小时
%h same as %b
//小时,24/12 小时制对应结果
%H hour (00..23)
%I hour (01..12)
//一年中的第几天
%j day of year (001..366)
//小时
%k hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H
%l hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I
//月份
%m month (01..12)
//分钟
%M minute (00..59)
//换行
%n a newline
//纳秒
%N nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)
//上午下午,AM(am) / PM(pm)
%p locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known
%P like %p, but lower case
//12小时制时间
%r locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)
//等同 %H:%M
%R 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M
//距离UTC时间 1970-01-01 00:00:00 的秒数
%s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
//当前时间秒数
%S second (00..60)
//tab
%t a tab
//等同 %H:%M:%S
%T time; same as %H:%M:%S
//星期数
%u day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday
//一年中第几个星期
%U week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)
%V ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
//星期中第几日
%w day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday
//一年中第几周
%W week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)
//日期和时间
%x locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)
%X locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)
//年份后两位
%y last two digits of year (00..99)
//年份
%Y year
//时区
%z +hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400)
%:z +hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00)
%::z +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)
%:::z numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)
%Z alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)
By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.
The following optional flags may follow '%':
- (hyphen) do not pad the field
_ (underscore) pad with spaces
0 (zero) pad with zeros
^ use upper case if possible
# use opposite case if possible
After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number;
then an optional modifier, which is either
E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or
O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available.
Examples:
Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date
$ date --date='@2147483647'
Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ)
$ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date
Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US
$ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri'
也可以使用现有的工具来完成上述时间戳的查询,推荐一个本人先前使用的在线网页小工具:站长时间戳转换.
但是!!! 每次想用都要先打开浏览器,很不方便,使用date命令就很方便了。