一. 业务场景
最近接手一个供app端调用的网关项目,app端迭代更新,接口就要相应的区分版本并做相应的逻辑区分,所以每一次请求必须要获取版本号。
二. 实现逻辑
期初的做法是在controller中直接定义 @RequestParam("name") String name,但发现调用的方法层数增加时,参数需要逐层传递,调用链上每个方法都需要加参数,代码及不优雅。后改为添加一个拦截器VersionInfoInterceptor,在拦截器中操作Threadlocal中的变量,代码如下:
/**
* @author:xiantao.wu
* @createDate:2018/7/1011:25
* 先执行preHandle方法,将需要的变量放入ThreadLocal,方法执行完执行afterCompletion,将变量remove掉,拦截器原理后续文章将会介绍
*
**/
public class VersionInfoInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
String clientVersion = request.getHeader("x-client-version");
if (clientVersion != null) {
RequestHeaderBaseInfo requestHeaderBaseInfo=new RequestHeaderBaseInfo();
requestHeaderBaseInfo.setVersion(clientVersion);
ThreadLocalUtil.set(requestHeaderBaseInfo);
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
ThreadLocalUtil.remove();
}
直接TreadlocalUtil.get()即可获取version放入的变量
/**
* @author:xiantao.wu
* @createDate:2018/7/1011:25
* 提供工具类你,操作Threadlocal
**/
public class ThreadLocalUtil {
private ThreadLocalUtil() {
}
private static ThreadLocal<RequestHeaderBaseInfo> LOCAL = new TransmittableThreadLocal<>();
public static void set(RequestHeaderBaseInfo requestHeaderBaseInfo) {
LOCAL.set(requestHeaderBaseInfo);
}
public static RequestHeaderBaseInfo get() {
return LOCAL.get();
}
public static void remove() {
LOCAL.remove();
}
}
三. 敲黑板(需要避免的坑) 现在ThreadLocal除原生实现外,还有InheritableThreadLocal,TransmittableThreadLocal(眼尖的同学可能已经注意到了)这两种实现,上面选用的就是TransmittableThreadLocal,以下是三者的比较:
| 实现 | 能否在传递到子线程 | 使用注意点 |
|---|---|---|
| ThreadLocal | 否 | 只能在当前线程中获取本地变量 |
| InheritableThreadLocal | 是 | 可获取父线程的中的本地变量,线程池场景不适用,存在线程复用,会导致混 |
| TransmittableThreadLocal | 是 | 可获取父线程中的本地变量,适用线程池场景 |
四. 测试结果
/** * Created by wuxiantao on 2018/7/14. */ public class TransmittableThreadlocalTest {
private static ThreadLocal<String> transmittableThreadLocal=new TransmittableThreadLocal<>();
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor=new ThreadPoolExecutor(3,3,10, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
transmittableThreadLocal.set("父线程设定的值");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"===="+transmittableThreadLocal.get());
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
threadPoolExecutor.submit(TtlCallable.get(new Callable<String>() {
public String call() throws Exception {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"------"+transmittableThreadLocal.get());
transmittableThreadLocal.set("我被修改了");
return transmittableThreadLocal.get();
}
}));
}
}
}
<br />使用transmimttable-threadlocal中TtlCallable.get()提交任务,在子线程中修改Threadlocal,子线程还是会取主线程中的threadlocal
main====父线程设定的值
pool-1-thread-2------父线程设定的值
pool-1-thread-1------父线程设定的值
pool-1-thread-1------父线程设定的值
pool-1-thread-1------父线程设定的值
pool-1-thread-3------父线程设定的值
`\