Android开源框架源码鉴赏:VirtualAPK

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关于作者

郭孝星,程序员,吉他手,主要从事Android平台基础架构方面的工作,欢迎交流技术方面的问题,可以去我的Github提issue或者发邮件至guoxiaoxingse@163.com与我交流。

文章目录

  • 一 VirtualAPK的初始化流程
  • 二 VirtualAPK的的加载流程
  • 三 VirtualAPK启动组件的流程
    • 3.1 Activity
    • 3.2 Service
    • 3.3 Broadcast Receiver
    • 3.4 Content Provider

更多Android开源框架源码分析文章请参见Android open framwork analysis

从2012年开始,插件化技术得到了很大的发展,究其原因,主要是因为随着业务的增长,主工程变得越来越难以维护,而且随着公司业务的扩展,原来的主应用也逐渐分化了多个子应用,研发团队也由 一个变成多个,但是子应用仍然需要主应用的流量入口优势,种种业务场景的需求,极大地促进了插件化技术的发展。

就目前而言,主流的插件化框架有以下几种:

从上图对比可以看出,有着不错的表现的重点是360的DroidPlugin框架和滴滴的VirtualAPK框架,这两家公司的业务类型不同,导致了这两套框架的侧重点也有所不同,具体说来:

  • DroidPlugin:DroidPlugin侧重于加载第三方独立插件,例如微信,并且插件不能访问宿主的代码和资源。这也比较符合260应用市场的业务特点。
  • VirtualAPK:VirtualAPK侧重于加载业务模块,业务模块通常和宿主都有一定的耦合关系,例如需要访问宿主提供的订单、账号等数据信息等,这也比较符合滴滴业务型的业务特点。

也就是说如果我们需要去加载一个内部业务模块,并且这个业务模块很难从主工程中完全解耦,那么我们会优先选择VirtualAPK这种方案。

A powerful and lightweight plugin framework for Android

官方网站:https://github.com/didi/VirtualAPK

源码版本:0.9.1

按照国际惯例,在分析VirtualAPK的源码实现之前,先吹一波它的优点😎。如下所示:

完善的功能

  • Activity:支持显示和隐式调用,支持Activity的theme和LaunchMode,支持透明主题;
  • Service:支持显示和隐式调用,支持Service的start、stop、bind和unbind,并支持跨进程bind插件中的Service;
  • Receiver:支持静态注册和动态注册的Receiver;
  • ContentProvider:支持provider的所有操作,包括CRUD和call方法等,支持跨进程访问插件中的Provider。
  • 自定义View:支持自定义View,支持自定义属性和style,支持动画;
  • PendingIntent:支持PendingIntent以及和其相关的Alarm、Notification和AppWidget;
  • 支持插件Application以及插件manifest中的meta-data;
  • 支持插件中的so。

优秀的兼容性

  • 兼容市面上几乎所有的Android手机,这一点已经在滴滴出行客户端中得到验证;
  • 资源方面适配小米、Vivo、Nubia等,对未知机型采用自适应适配方案;
  • 极少的Binder Hook,目前仅仅hook了两个Binder:AMS和IContentProvider,hook过程做了充分的兼容性适配;
  • 插件运行逻辑和宿主隔离,确保框架的任何问题都不会影响宿主的正常运行。

极低的入侵性

  • 插件开发等同于原生开发,四大组件无需继承特定的基类;
  • 精简的插件包,插件可以依赖宿主中的代码和资源,也可以不依赖;
  • 插件的构建过程简单,通过Gradle插件来完成插件的构建,整个过程对开发者透明。

👉 注:吹了这么多,其实这套框架还是有瑕疵的,具体的问题,在分析源码的时候我们会讲。

要理解一套框架,首先需要从整体去把握它,理解它的构造和层次划分,然后逐个去分析,VirtualAPK的整体架构图如下图所示:

整体的源码结构也并不复杂,如下图所示:

一 VirtualAPK的初始化流程

在使用VirtualAPK之前,我们需要多VirtualAPK进行初始化,如下所示:

@Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
    super.attachBaseContext(base);
    PluginManager.getInstance(base).init();
}

我们来分析了一下VirtualAPK初始化的过程中做了哪些事情,如下所示:

public class PluginManager {
     private PluginManager(Context context) {
         
           Context app = context.getApplicationContext();
           // 获取Context
           if (app == null) {
               this.mContext = context;
           } else {
               this.mContext = ((Application)app).getBaseContext();
           }
           //初始化
           prepare();
       }
   
       private void prepare() {
           Systems.sHostContext = getHostContext();
           //1. hook对象Instrumentation。
           this.hookInstrumentationAndHandler();
           //2. 根据不同的Android版本分别从ActivityManagerNative中Hook对象IActivityManager。
           if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
               this.hookAMSForO();
           } else {
               this.hookSystemServices();
           }
       }
   }
}

可以发现VirtualAPK在初始化的时候主要hook了两个对象,如下所示:

  1. hook对象Instrumentation。
  2. 根据不同的Android版本分别从ActivityManagerNative中Hook对象IActivityManager。

首先是Instrumentation对象。为什么要hook这个对象呢?🤔这是因为Instrumentation对象在启动Activity会有一套校验过程,其中一条就是检查Activity有没有在Manifest文件中进行注册,如下所示:

public class Instrumentation {
      public static void checkStartActivityResult(int res, Object intent) {
           if (res >= ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS) {
               return;
           }
           
           switch (res) {
               case ActivityManager.START_INTENT_NOT_RESOLVED:
               case ActivityManager.START_CLASS_NOT_FOUND:
                   if (intent instanceof Intent && ((Intent)intent).getComponent() != null)
                       throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
                               "Unable to find explicit activity class "
                               + ((Intent)intent).getComponent().toShortString()
                               + "; have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?");
                   throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
                           "No Activity found to handle " + intent);
               case ActivityManager.START_PERMISSION_DENIED:
                   throw new SecurityException("Not allowed to start activity "
                           + intent);
               case ActivityManager.START_FORWARD_AND_REQUEST_CONFLICT:
                   throw new AndroidRuntimeException(
                           "FORWARD_RESULT_FLAG used while also requesting a result");
               case ActivityManager.START_NOT_ACTIVITY:
                   throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                           "PendingIntent is not an activity");
               case ActivityManager.START_NOT_VOICE_COMPATIBLE:
                   throw new SecurityException(
                           "Starting under voice control not allowed for: " + intent);
               case ActivityManager.START_NOT_CURRENT_USER_ACTIVITY:
                   // Fail silently for this case so we don't break current apps.
                   // TODO(b/22929608): Instead of failing silently or throwing an exception,
                   // we should properly position the activity in the stack (i.e. behind all current
                   // user activity/task) and not change the positioning of stacks.
                   Log.e(TAG,
                           "Not allowed to start background user activity that shouldn't be displayed"
                           + " for all users. Failing silently...");
                   break;
               default:
                   throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Unknown error code "
                           + res + " when starting " + intent);
           }
       } 
}

这些异常信息多半我们都很熟悉,其中have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml,就是没有注册Activity所报的异常,hook对象Instrumentation,然后替换掉里面相应 的方法,来达到绕过检查的目的,我们来看看hook的流程,如下所示:

public class PluginManager {
    
       private void hookInstrumentationAndHandler() {
           try {
               Instrumentation baseInstrumentation = ReflectUtil.getInstrumentation(this.mContext);
               if (baseInstrumentation.getClass().getName().contains("lbe")) {
                   // reject executing in paralell space, for example, lbe.
                   System.exit(0);
               }
   
               //自定义的VAInstrumentation重写了newActivity()等逻辑。Instrumentation对象也被保存了下载
               final VAInstrumentation instrumentation = new VAInstrumentation(this, baseInstrumentation);
               //获取ctivityThread实例
               Object activityThread = ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(this.mContext);
               //用自定义的VAInstrumentation重对象替换掉ActivityThread里的Instrumentation对象
               ReflectUtil.setInstrumentation(activityThread, instrumentation);
               ReflectUtil.setHandlerCallback(this.mContext, instrumentation);
               this.mInstrumentation = instrumentation;
           } catch (Exception e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       } 
}

在文章03Android组件框架:Android视图容器Activity中,我们提到 过Instrumentation对象用来监控应用与系统的交互行为,Activity的创建也是在Instrumentation对象里完成的,之所以要hook这个对象就是为了修改Activity创建逻辑。

这里用自定义的VAInstrumentation重对象替换掉ActivityThread里的Instrumentation对象,这样当系统启动Activity调用Instrumentation的newActivity()方法的时候就会调用自定义的VAInstrumentation 里面的newActivity()方法。

public class PluginManager {
           
       // Android API 26及其以上
       private void hookAMSForO() {
           try {
               Singleton<IActivityManager> defaultSingleton = (Singleton<IActivityManager>) ReflectUtil.getField(ActivityManager.class, null, "IActivityManagerSingleton");
               IActivityManager activityManagerProxy = ActivityManagerProxy.newInstance(this, defaultSingleton.get());
               ReflectUtil.setField(defaultSingleton.getClass().getSuperclass(), defaultSingleton, "mInstance", activityManagerProxy);
           } catch (Exception e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
       
       // Android API 26以下
       private void hookSystemServices() {
             try {
                 Singleton<IActivityManager> defaultSingleton = (Singleton<IActivityManager>) ReflectUtil.getField(ActivityManagerNative.class, null, "gDefault");
                 IActivityManager activityManagerProxy = ActivityManagerProxy.newInstance(this, defaultSingleton.get());
     
                 //从ActivityManagerNative中Hook对象IActivityManager
                 ReflectUtil.setField(defaultSingleton.getClass().getSuperclass(), defaultSingleton, "mInstance", activityManagerProxy);
     
                 if (defaultSingleton.get() == activityManagerProxy) {
                     this.mActivityManager = activityManagerProxy;
                 }
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
       }  
}

除了Instrumentation对象,它还根据不同的Android版本分别从ActivityManagerNative中Hook对象IActivityManager,那么这个IActivityManager对象是什么呢?🤔

我们之前在文章02Android组件框架:Android组件管理者ActivityManager中 曾经聊到过它是ActivityManagerService的代理对象,通过它可以和ActivityManagerService进行IPC通信,并请求它完成一些组件管理上的工作。我们平时调用的startActivity()、startService()、bindService()等组件调用的方法 最终都是调用ActivityManagerService里的方法来完成的。

以上便是VIrtualAPK的初始化流程,我们接着来看VIrtualAPK是如何去加载一个APK文件的。👇

二 VirtualAPK的的加载流程

VirtualAPK对于加载的APK文件没有额外的约束,只需要添加VirtualAPK的插件进行编译,如下所示:

apply plugin: 'com.didi.virtualapk.plugin'

virtualApk {
    packageId = 0x6f             // The package id of Resources.
    targetHost='source/host/app' // The path of application module in host project.
    applyHostMapping = true      // [Optional] Default value is true. 
}

然后就可以调用PluginManager直接加载编译完成的APK,被加载的APK在PluginManager里是一个LoadedPlugin对象,VirtualAPK通过这些LoadedPlugin对象来管理APK,这些APK也可以 想在手机里直接安装的App一样运行。

String pluginPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath().concat("/Test.apk");
File plugin = new File(pluginPath);
PluginManager.getInstance(base).loadPlugin(plugin);

APK的加载流程如下图所示:

我们可以看到上面调用loadPlugin()方法去加载一个APK,我们来看一下它的实现。

public class PluginManager {
    
     public void loadPlugin(File apk) throws Exception {
          if (null == apk) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException("error : apk is null.");
          }
  
          if (!apk.exists()) {
              throw new FileNotFoundException(apk.getAbsolutePath());
          }
  
          // 1. 加载APK文件
          LoadedPlugin plugin = LoadedPlugin.create(this, this.mContext, apk);
          if (null != plugin) {
              this.mPlugins.put(plugin.getPackageName(), plugin);
              // try to invoke plugin's application
              // 2. 尝试调用APK
              plugin.invokeApplication();
          } else {
              throw  new RuntimeException("Can't load plugin which is invalid: " + apk.getAbsolutePath());
          }
      }  
}

这里调用了LoadedPlugin的create()方法去构建一个LoadedPlugin对象,所以的初始化操作都是在LoadedPlugin的构造方法里完成的,如下所示:

public final class LoadedPlugin {
    
    LoadedPlugin(PluginManager pluginManager, Context context, File apk) throws PackageParser.PackageParserException {
            this.mPluginManager = pluginManager;
            this.mHostContext = context;
            this.mLocation = apk.getAbsolutePath();
            // 1. 调用PackageParser解析APK,获取PackageParser.Package对象。
            this.mPackage = PackageParserCompat.parsePackage(context, apk, PackageParser.PARSE_MUST_BE_APK);
            this.mPackage.applicationInfo.metaData = this.mPackage.mAppMetaData;
            // 2. 构建PackageInfo对象。
            this.mPackageInfo = new PackageInfo();
            this.mPackageInfo.applicationInfo = this.mPackage.applicationInfo;
            this.mPackageInfo.applicationInfo.sourceDir = apk.getAbsolutePath();
            this.mPackageInfo.signatures = this.mPackage.mSignatures;
            this.mPackageInfo.packageName = this.mPackage.packageName;
            if (pluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(mPackageInfo.packageName) != null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("plugin has already been loaded : " + mPackageInfo.packageName);
            }
            this.mPackageInfo.versionCode = this.mPackage.mVersionCode;
            this.mPackageInfo.versionName = this.mPackage.mVersionName;
            this.mPackageInfo.permissions = new PermissionInfo[0];
            // 3. 构建PluginPackageManager对象。
            this.mPackageManager = new PluginPackageManager();
            this.mPluginContext = new PluginContext(this);
            this.mNativeLibDir = context.getDir(Constants.NATIVE_DIR, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
            // 4. 构建Resouces对象。
            this.mResources = createResources(context, apk);
            // 5. 构建ClassLoader对象。
            this.mClassLoader = createClassLoader(context, apk, this.mNativeLibDir, context.getClassLoader());
    
            // 6. 拷贝so库。
            tryToCopyNativeLib(apk);
    
            // 7. 缓存Instrumentation对象。
            Map<ComponentName, InstrumentationInfo> instrumentations = new HashMap<ComponentName, InstrumentationInfo>();
            for (PackageParser.Instrumentation instrumentation : this.mPackage.instrumentation) {
                instrumentations.put(instrumentation.getComponentName(), instrumentation.info);
            }
            this.mInstrumentationInfos = Collections.unmodifiableMap(instrumentations);
            this.mPackageInfo.instrumentation = instrumentations.values().toArray(new InstrumentationInfo[instrumentations.size()]);
    
            // 8. 缓存APK里的Activity信息。
            Map<ComponentName, ActivityInfo> activityInfos = new HashMap<ComponentName, ActivityInfo>();
            for (PackageParser.Activity activity : this.mPackage.activities) {
                activityInfos.put(activity.getComponentName(), activity.info);
            }
            this.mActivityInfos = Collections.unmodifiableMap(activityInfos);
            this.mPackageInfo.activities = activityInfos.values().toArray(new ActivityInfo[activityInfos.size()]);
            
            // 9. 缓存APK里的Service信息。
            Map<ComponentName, ServiceInfo> serviceInfos = new HashMap<ComponentName, ServiceInfo>();
            for (PackageParser.Service service : this.mPackage.services) {
                serviceInfos.put(service.getComponentName(), service.info);
            }
            this.mServiceInfos = Collections.unmodifiableMap(serviceInfos);
            this.mPackageInfo.services = serviceInfos.values().toArray(new ServiceInfo[serviceInfos.size()]);
    
            // 10. 缓存APK里的Content Provider信息。
            Map<String, ProviderInfo> providers = new HashMap<String, ProviderInfo>();
            Map<ComponentName, ProviderInfo> providerInfos = new HashMap<ComponentName, ProviderInfo>();
            for (PackageParser.Provider provider : this.mPackage.providers) {
                providers.put(provider.info.authority, provider.info);
                providerInfos.put(provider.getComponentName(), provider.info);
            }
            this.mProviders = Collections.unmodifiableMap(providers);
            this.mProviderInfos = Collections.unmodifiableMap(providerInfos);
            this.mPackageInfo.providers = providerInfos.values().toArray(new ProviderInfo[providerInfos.size()]);
    
            // 11. 将静态的广播转为动态的。
            Map<ComponentName, ActivityInfo> receivers = new HashMap<ComponentName, ActivityInfo>();
            for (PackageParser.Activity receiver : this.mPackage.receivers) {
                receivers.put(receiver.getComponentName(), receiver.info);
    
                try {
                    BroadcastReceiver br = BroadcastReceiver.class.cast(getClassLoader().loadClass(receiver.getComponentName().getClassName()).newInstance());
                    for (PackageParser.ActivityIntentInfo aii : receiver.intents) {
                        this.mHostContext.registerReceiver(br, aii);
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            this.mReceiverInfos = Collections.unmodifiableMap(receivers);
            this.mPackageInfo.receivers = receivers.values().toArray(new ActivityInfo[receivers.size()]);
        }
}

整个LoadedPlugin对象构建的过程就是去解析APK里的组件信息,并缓存起来,具体说来:

  1. 调用PackageParser解析APK,获取PackageParser.Package对象。
  2. 构建PackageInfo对象。
  3. 构建PluginPackageManager对象。
  4. 构建Resouces对象。
  5. 构建ClassLoader对象。
  6. 拷贝so库。
  7. 缓存Instrumentation对象。
  8. 缓存APK里的Activity信息。
  9. 缓存APK里的Service信息。
  10. 缓存APK里的Content Provider信息。
  11. 将静态的广播转为动态的。

我们接着来看没有在宿主App的Manifest里注册的四大组件时如何被启动起来的。👇

三 VirtualAPK启动组件的流程

3.1 Activity

前面我们说过在初始化VirtualAPK的过程中使用自定义的VAInstrumentation在ActivityThread中替换掉了原生的Instrumentation对象,来达到hook到Activity启动流程的目的,绕开Instrumentation 启动Activity的校验流程。

那么VirtualAPK是如何绕过系统校验的呢?🤔

Virtual是采用占坑的方式来绕过校验的,它在库里的Manifest文件里定义了占坑的文件,如下所示:

 <application>
        <!-- Stub Activities -->
        <activity android:name=".A$1" android:launchMode="standard"/>
        <activity android:name=".A$2" android:launchMode="standard"
            android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Translucent" />

        <!-- Stub Activities -->
        <activity android:name=".B$1" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$2" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$3" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$4" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$5" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$6" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$7" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>
        <activity android:name=".B$8" android:launchMode="singleTop"/>

        <!-- Stub Activities -->
        <activity android:name=".C$1" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$2" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$3" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$4" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$5" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$6" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$7" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>
        <activity android:name=".C$8" android:launchMode="singleTask"/>

        <!-- Stub Activities -->
        <activity android:name=".D$1" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$2" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$3" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$4" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$5" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$6" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$7" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
        <activity android:name=".D$8" android:launchMode="singleInstance"/>
 </application>

A、B、C、D分别代表standard、singleTop、singleTask和singleInstance四种启动模式。

VirtualAPK制造一些假的Activity替身在Manifest文件提前进行注册占坑,在启动真正的Activity时候,再将Activity填到坑里,以完成启动Activity。我们来看看具体的是实现流程:

  1. execStartActivity()
  2. realExecStartActivity()
  3. newActivity()
  4. callActivityOnCreate()

以上四个方法都是启动Activity的过程中必经的四个方法。

public class VAInstrumentation extends Instrumentation implements Handler.Callback {
    
     public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
             Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
             Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
         //1. 将隐式Intent转换为显式Intent,Virtual是通过intent.setClassName(this, "com.guoxiaoxing.plugin.MainActivity");这种
         //方式来启动Activity的,这里将包名封装成真正的ComponentName对象。
         mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().transformIntentToExplicitAsNeeded(intent);
         // null component is an implicitly intent
         if (intent.getComponent() != null) {
             Log.i(TAG, String.format("execStartActivity[%s : %s]", intent.getComponent().getPackageName(),
                     intent.getComponent().getClassName()));
             //2. 用注册过的StubActivity替换掉真实的Activity以便绕过校验。
             this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().markIntentIfNeeded(intent);
         }
 
         //3. 生成了占坑的StubActivity的Intent。调用realExecStartActivity()方法继续执行Activity的启动,借此绕过校验。
         ActivityResult result = realExecStartActivity(who, contextThread, token, target,
                     intent, requestCode, options);
 
         return result;
     }
     
     private ActivityResult realExecStartActivity(
             Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
             Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
         ActivityResult result = null;
         try {
             Class[] parameterTypes = {Context.class, IBinder.class, IBinder.class, Activity.class, Intent.class,
             int.class, Bundle.class};
             
             // 用占坑的StubActivity的Intent去启动Activity,借此绕过校验。
             result = (ActivityResult)ReflectUtil.invoke(Instrumentation.class, mBase,
                     "execStartActivity", parameterTypes,
                     who, contextThread, token, target, intent, requestCode, options);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             if (e.getCause() instanceof ActivityNotFoundException) {
                 throw (ActivityNotFoundException) e.getCause();
             }
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
 
         return result;
     }
}

该方法主要做了三件事情,如下所示:

  1. 将隐式Intent转换为显式Intent,Virtual是通过intent.setClassName(this, "com.guoxiaoxing.plugin.MainActivity");这种 方式来启动Activity的,这里将包名封装成真正的ComponentName对象。
  2. 用注册过的StubActivity替换掉真实的Activity以便绕过检测。
  3. 生成了占坑的StubActivity的Intent。调用realExecStartActivity()方法继续执行Activity的启动,借此绕过校验。

其中重点就在于注册过的StubActivity替换掉真实的Activity以便绕过检测,我们来看看它的实现,如下所示:

public class ComponentsHandler {
    
      public void markIntentIfNeeded(Intent intent) {
            if (intent.getComponent() == null) {
                return;
            }
    
            // 包名
            String targetPackageName = intent.getComponent().getPackageName();
            // 类名
            String targetClassName = intent.getComponent().getClassName();
            // 搜索对应启动模式的占坑StubActivity
            if (!targetPackageName.equals(mContext.getPackageName()) && mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(targetPackageName) != null) {
                // 做一个插件的标记
                intent.putExtra(Constants.KEY_IS_PLUGIN, true);
                // 存包名
                intent.putExtra(Constants.KEY_TARGET_PACKAGE, targetPackageName);
                // 存类名,之所以存储这些信息是为了以后获取真正的Activity的Intent信息去启动真正的Activity。
                intent.putExtra(Constants.KEY_TARGET_ACTIVITY, targetClassName);
                // 查找StubActivity
                dispatchStubActivity(intent);
            }
        }
    
        private void dispatchStubActivity(Intent intent) {
            ComponentName component = intent.getComponent();
            String targetClassName = intent.getComponent().getClassName();
            // 获取intent对应的LoadedPlugin对象
            LoadedPlugin loadedPlugin = mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(intent);
            // 根据ComponentName信息获取对应的ActivityInfo
            ActivityInfo info = loadedPlugin.getActivityInfo(component);
            if (info == null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("can not find " + component);
            }
            //启动模式
            int launchMode = info.launchMode;
            Resources.Theme themeObj = loadedPlugin.getResources().newTheme();
            // 替换掉对应的主题
            themeObj.applyStyle(info.theme, true);
            // 获取对应的StubActivity
            String stubActivity = mStubActivityInfo.getStubActivity(targetClassName, launchMode, themeObj);
            Log.i(TAG, String.format("dispatchStubActivity,[%s -> %s]", targetClassName, stubActivity));
            // 设置StubActivity的全路径名
            intent.setClassName(mContext, stubActivity);
        }

}

我们来看看具体是如何查询StubActivity的,如下所示:

class StubActivityInfo {
    
    // 标准模式Activity的最大个数
    public static final int MAX_COUNT_STANDARD = 1;
    // 栈顶复用模式Activity的最大个数
    public static final int MAX_COUNT_SINGLETOP = 8;
    // 栈内复用模式Activity的最大个数
    public static final int MAX_COUNT_SINGLETASK = 8;
    // 单例模式Activity的最大个数
    public static final int MAX_COUNT_SINGLEINSTANCE = 8;

    //那些占坑的Activity的全路径名
    public static final String corePackage = "com.didi.virtualapk.core";
    public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD = "%s.A$%d";
    public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETOP = "%s.B$%d";
    public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETASK = "%s.C$%d";
    public static final String STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLEINSTANCE = "%s.D$%d";

    public final int usedStandardStubActivity = 1;
    public int usedSingleTopStubActivity = 0;
    public int usedSingleTaskStubActivity = 0;
    public int usedSingleInstanceStubActivity = 0;

    private HashMap<String, String> mCachedStubActivity = new HashMap<>();
    
    public String getStubActivity(String className, int launchMode, Theme theme) {
            // 1. 先从缓存中查找StuActivity。
            String stubActivity= mCachedStubActivity.get(className);
            if (stubActivity != null) {
                return stubActivity;
            }
    
            TypedArray array = theme.obtainStyledAttributes(new int[]{
                    android.R.attr.windowIsTranslucent,
                    android.R.attr.windowBackground
            });
            boolean windowIsTranslucent = array.getBoolean(0, false);
            array.recycle();
            if (Constants.DEBUG) {
                Log.d("StubActivityInfo", "getStubActivity, is transparent theme ? " + windowIsTranslucent);
            }
            
            // 标准启动模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.A$1
            stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD, corePackage, usedStandardStubActivity);
            switch (launchMode) {
                case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_MULTIPLE: {
                   // 标准启动模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.$1,每次自增1
                    stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD, corePackage, usedStandardStubActivity);
                    if (windowIsTranslucent) {
                        stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_STANDARD, corePackage, 2);
                    }
                    break;
                }
                case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TOP: {
                    // 栈顶复用模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.$,每次自增1,范围从1 - 8.
                    usedSingleTopStubActivity = usedSingleTopStubActivity % MAX_COUNT_SINGLETOP + 1;
                    stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETOP, corePackage, usedSingleTopStubActivity);
                    break;
                }
                case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK: {
                     // 栈内模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.C$,每次自增1,范围从1 - 8.
                    usedSingleTaskStubActivity = usedSingleTaskStubActivity % MAX_COUNT_SINGLETASK + 1;
                    stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLETASK, corePackage, usedSingleTaskStubActivity);
                    break;
                }
                case ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE: {
                    // 单例模式模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.D$,每次自增1,范围从1 - 8.
                    usedSingleInstanceStubActivity = usedSingleInstanceStubActivity % MAX_COUNT_SINGLEINSTANCE + 1;
                    stubActivity = String.format(STUB_ACTIVITY_SINGLEINSTANCE, corePackage, usedSingleInstanceStubActivity);
                    break;
                }
    
                default:break;
            }
    
            // 将查找到的Activity放到缓存中
            mCachedStubActivity.put(className, stubActivity);
            return stubActivity;
        }
}

可以看着这里边完成了占坑StubActivity的查找,如下所示:

  • 标准启动模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.$1,每次自增1。
  • 栈顶复用模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.$,每次自增1,范围从1 - 8.
  • 栈内复用模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.C$,每次自增1,范围从1 - 8.
  • 单例模式模式:com.didi.virtualapk.core.D$,每次自增1,范围从1 - 8.

既然这里为了染过检验把要启动的Activity变成了占坑的StubActivity。那么真正启动Activity的时候就要再次变回来,我们接着分析。

public class VAInstrumentation extends Instrumentation implements Handler.Callback {
        @Override
        public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader cl, String className, Intent intent) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
            try {
                cl.loadClass(className);
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                // 1. 根据Intent查找对应的LoadedPlugin。
                LoadedPlugin plugin = this.mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(intent);
                // 2. 从Intent中提取真正的targetClassName。
                String targetClassName = PluginUtil.getTargetActivity(intent);
    
                Log.i(TAG, String.format("newActivity[%s : %s]", className, targetClassName));
    
                if (targetClassName != null) {
                    // 3. 这个mBase是我们上面保存的原生的Instrumentation对象,调用它的newActivity()方法去完成Activity的构建,这
                    // 相当于是一个动态代理模式。getClassLoader()是自己构建的一个DexClassLoader类,专门用来加载APK里面的类。
                    Activity activity = mBase.newActivity(plugin.getClassLoader(), targetClassName, intent);
                    activity.setIntent(intent);
    
                    try {
                        // for 4.1+
                        ReflectUtil.setField(ContextThemeWrapper.class, activity, "mResources", plugin.getResources());
                    } catch (Exception ignored) {
                        // ignored.
                    }
    
                    return activity;
                }
            }
    
            return mBase.newActivity(cl, className, intent);
        }
}

VAInstrumentation覆写了Instrumentation的newActivity方法,这个方法主要做了三件事情:

  1. 根据Intent查找对应的LoadedPlugin。
  2. 从Intent中提取真正的targetClassName。
  3. 这个mBase是我们上面保存的原生的Instrumentation对象,调用它的newActivity()方法去完成Activity的构建,这 相当于是一个动态代理模式。getClassLoader()是自己构建的一个DexClassLoader类,专门用来加载APK里面的类。

通过上面的分析,整体的思路就非常清晰了,如下所示:

提前在Manifest文件里注册多个占坑的StubActivity,校验阶段,将Intent里的className替换成StubActivity,并保存原有的Activity信息,借此通过校验。启动阶段,再 从Intent中取出真正的Activity信息,调用Instrumentation的newActivity()方法继续执行Activity的启动。

整体的思路还是挺机制的👍,当然占坑思想很早就有Android的同学提出来了,这也是实现插件化的思路的一种。介绍完了Activity的启动流程,我们接着来看Service的启动流程。👇

3.2 Service

Service的启动采用动态代理AMS,拦截Service的相关操作请求,然后转给ActivityManagerProxy处理,我们来看一看。

public class ActivityManagerProxy implements InvocationHandler {
    
       private Object startService(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
            // 获取IApplicationThread对象。
            IApplicationThread appThread = (IApplicationThread) args[0];
            // 获取跳转Intent。
            Intent target = (Intent) args[1];
            // 检查Service的信息
            ResolveInfo resolveInfo = this.mPluginManager.resolveService(target, 0);
            if (null == resolveInfo || null == resolveInfo.serviceInfo) {
                // is host service
                return method.invoke(this.mActivityManager, args);
            }
            
            return startDelegateServiceForTarget(target, resolveInfo.serviceInfo, null, RemoteService.EXTRA_COMMAND_START_SERVICE);
        }
        
        private ComponentName startDelegateServiceForTarget(Intent target, ServiceInfo serviceInfo, Bundle extras, int command) {
            Intent wrapperIntent = wrapperTargetIntent(target, serviceInfo, extras, command);
            return mPluginManager.getHostContext().startService(wrapperIntent);
        }
    
        private Intent wrapperTargetIntent(Intent target, ServiceInfo serviceInfo, Bundle extras, int command) {
            // fill in service with ComponentName
            target.setComponent(new ComponentName(serviceInfo.packageName, serviceInfo.name));
            String pluginLocation = mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(target.getComponent()).getLocation();
    
            // 判断交给LocalService处理还是交给RemoteService处理,LocalService和RemoteService分别对应是否
            // 在新进程中启动Service。
            boolean local = PluginUtil.isLocalService(serviceInfo);
            Class<? extends Service> delegate = local ? LocalService.class : RemoteService.class;
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.setClass(mPluginManager.getHostContext(), delegate);
            intent.putExtra(RemoteService.EXTRA_TARGET, target);
            // 保存一下这个command,分别对应不同的操作。
            intent.putExtra(RemoteService.EXTRA_COMMAND, command);
            intent.putExtra(RemoteService.EXTRA_PLUGIN_LOCATION, pluginLocation);
            if (extras != null) {
                intent.putExtras(extras);
            }
    
            return intent;
        }
}

所以本质上讲,不管是启动、绑定还是关闭Intent,最终都是调用LocalService或者RemoteService里的onStartCommand()方法进行操作请求的分发。

LocalService和RemoteService都已经在VirtualAPK的Manifest文件里进行了注册,如下所示:

<application>
    <!-- Local Service running in main process -->
    <service android:name="com.didi.virtualapk.delegate.LocalService" />
    
    <!-- Daemon Service running in child process -->
    <service android:name="com.didi.virtualapk.delegate.RemoteService" android:process=":daemon">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="${applicationId}.intent.ACTION_DAEMON_SERVICE" />
        </intent-filter>
    </service>
</application>

我们接着来看看它们俩的具体实现。

3.2.1 LocalService

public class LocalService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = "LocalService";

    // 插件APK里的目标Service
    public static final String EXTRA_TARGET = "target";
    public static final String EXTRA_COMMAND = "command";
    public static final String EXTRA_PLUGIN_LOCATION = "plugin_location";

    public static final int EXTRA_COMMAND_START_SERVICE = 1;
    public static final int EXTRA_COMMAND_STOP_SERVICE = 2;
    public static final int EXTRA_COMMAND_BIND_SERVICE = 3;
    public static final int EXTRA_COMMAND_UNBIND_SERVICE = 4;

    private PluginManager mPluginManager;

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return new Binder();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        // 获取PluginManager单例
        mPluginManager = PluginManager.getInstance(this);
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        if (null == intent || !intent.hasExtra(EXTRA_TARGET) || !intent.hasExtra(EXTRA_COMMAND)) {
            return START_STICKY;
        }


        Intent target = intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_TARGET);
        // 获取command信息
        int command = intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_COMMAND, 0);
        if (null == target || command <= 0) {
            return START_STICKY;
        }

        // 获取组件信息
        ComponentName component = target.getComponent();
        // 根据组件信息获取对应的LoadedPlugin
        LoadedPlugin plugin = mPluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(component);
        // ClassNotFoundException when unmarshalling in Android 5.1
        target.setExtrasClassLoader(plugin.getClassLoader());
        switch (command) {
            // 启动Service
            case EXTRA_COMMAND_START_SERVICE: {
                // 获取ActivityThread对象。
                ActivityThread mainThread = (ActivityThread)ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(getBaseContext());
                // 获取IApplicationThread对象。
                IApplicationThread appThread = mainThread.getApplicationThread();
                Service service;

                if (this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().isServiceAvailable(component)) {
                    // 尝试从ComponentsHandler里获取Service、
                    service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().getService(component);
                } else {
                    try {
                        // 调用DexClassLoader加载Service类。
                        service = (Service) plugin.getClassLoader().loadClass(component.getClassName()).newInstance();

                        Application app = plugin.getApplication();
                        IBinder token = appThread.asBinder();
                        Method attach = service.getClass().getMethod("attach", Context.class, ActivityThread.class, String.class, IBinder.class, Application.class, Object.class);
                        IActivityManager am = mPluginManager.getActivityManager();
                        // 调用attch()方法,绑定应用上下文。
                        attach.invoke(service, plugin.getPluginContext(), mainThread, component.getClassName(), token, app, am);
                        // 回调Service的onCreate()方法。
                        service.onCreate();
                        // 插入Service
                        this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().rememberService(component, service);
                    } catch (Throwable t) {
                        return START_STICKY;
                    }
                }
                
                // 回调Service的onStartCommand()方法。
                service.onStartCommand(target, 0, this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().getServiceCounter(service).getAndIncrement());
                break;
            }
            
            // 绑定服务
            case EXTRA_COMMAND_BIND_SERVICE: {
                ActivityThread mainThread = (ActivityThread)ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(getBaseContext());
                IApplicationThread appThread = mainThread.getApplicationThread();
                Service service = null;

                if (this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().isServiceAvailable(component)) {
                    // 尝试从ComponentsHandler里获取Service、
                    service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().getService(component);
                } else {
                    try {
                        // 调用DexClassLoader加载Service类。
                        service = (Service) plugin.getClassLoader().loadClass(component.getClassName()).newInstance();

                        Application app = plugin.getApplication();
                        IBinder token = appThread.asBinder();
                        Method attach = service.getClass().getMethod("attach", Context.class, ActivityThread.class, String.class, IBinder.class, Application.class, Object.class);
                        IActivityManager am = mPluginManager.getActivityManager();
                        // 调用attch()方法,绑定应用上下文。
                        attach.invoke(service, plugin.getPluginContext(), mainThread, component.getClassName(), token, app, am);
                        // 回调Service的onCreate()方法。
                        service.onCreate();
                        // 插入Service
                        this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().rememberService(component, service);
                    } catch (Throwable t) {
                        t.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                try {
                    // 回调Service的onBind()方法。
                    IBinder binder = service.onBind(target);
                    IBinder serviceConnection = PluginUtil.getBinder(intent.getExtras(), "sc");
                    IServiceConnection iServiceConnection = IServiceConnection.Stub.asInterface(serviceConnection);
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
                        ReflectUtil.invokeNoException(IServiceConnection.class, iServiceConnection, "connected",
                                new Class[]{ComponentName.class, IBinder.class, boolean.class},
                                new Object[]{component, binder, false});
                    } else {
                        iServiceConnection.connected(component, binder);
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            }
            // 停止服务
            case EXTRA_COMMAND_STOP_SERVICE: {
                // 从ComponentsHandler移除Service的记录
                Service service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().forgetService(component);
                if (null != service) {
                    try {
                        // 回调Service的onDestroy()方法
                        service.onDestroy();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Unable to stop service " + service + ": " + e.toString());
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.i(TAG, component + " not found");
                }
                break;
            }
            case EXTRA_COMMAND_UNBIND_SERVICE: {
                 // 从ComponentsHandler移除Service的记录
                Service service = this.mPluginManager.getComponentsHandler().forgetService(component);
                if (null != service) {
                    try {
                        // 回调Service的onUnbind()方法
                        service.onUnbind(target);
                        // 回调Service的onDestroy()方法
                        service.onDestroy();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Unable to unbind service " + service + ": " + e.toString());
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.i(TAG, component + " not found");
                }
                break;
            }
        }

        return START_STICKY;
    }

}

你可以发现整个类的实现,就相当于重写了Service启动的一部分流程,主要包括上下文绑定和一些生命周期方法的回调,这一块的具体内容可以参照我们之前写的文章05Android组件框架:Android后台服务Service 除此之外,它还使用了ComponentsHandler来管理Service,毕竟我们只在Manifest中注册了一个LocalService,ComponentsHandler主要用来插入和删除Service以及管理ServiceConnection。这样 就即便只注册了一个LocalService,也可以启动插件APK里的多个Service了。

我们接着来看看RemoteService,👇

3.2.2 RemoteService

public class RemoteService extends LocalService {

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        // onBind()方法返回空,说明不能被绑定。
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        if (intent == null) {
            return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
        }

        Intent target = intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_TARGET);
        if (target != null) {
            String pluginLocation = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_PLUGIN_LOCATION);
            ComponentName component = target.getComponent();
            LoadedPlugin plugin = PluginManager.getInstance(this).getLoadedPlugin(component);
            if (plugin == null && pluginLocation != null) {
                try {
                    // 比LocalService多了一个从文件加载APK插件的操作
                    PluginManager.getInstance(this).loadPlugin(new File(pluginLocation));
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

}

RemoteService继承与于LocalService,它们俩的区别就在于onBind()和onStartCommand()方法的实现上,如下所示:

  • RemoteService的onBind()方法返回空,说明不能被绑定。
  • RemoteService的onStartCommand()方法比LocalService多了一个从文件加载APK插件的操作,也就是说它可以加载别的APK(别的进程)的Service。

3.3 Broadcast Receiver

Broadcast Receiver就比较简单了,直接将静态广播转为动态广播,免去注册的过程。

// 将静态的广播转为动态的。
Map<ComponentName, ActivityInfo> receivers = new HashMap<ComponentName, ActivityInfo>();
for (PackageParser.Activity receiver : this.mPackage.receivers) {
    receivers.put(receiver.getComponentName(), receiver.info);

    try {
        BroadcastReceiver br = BroadcastReceiver.class.cast(getClassLoader().loadClass(receiver.getComponentName().getClassName()).newInstance());
        for (PackageParser.ActivityIntentInfo aii : receiver.intents) {
            this.mHostContext.registerReceiver(br, aii);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

3.4 Content Provider

VirtualAPK通过动态代理IContentProvider,拦截ContentProvider的相关操作请求,然后转给PluginContentResolver来处理。IContentProvider对象的hook实际上是在PluginManager里 完成的,如下所示:

public class PluginManager {
     private void hookIContentProviderAsNeeded() {
         
            // 拿到占坑的Content Provider,然后主动去调用它的call()方法,call()方法
            // 会调用RemoteContentProvider的getContentProvider构建一个RemoteContentProvider。
            Uri uri = Uri.parse(PluginContentResolver.getUri(mContext));
            mContext.getContentResolver().call(uri, "wakeup", null, null);
            try {
                Field authority = null;
                Field mProvider = null;
                
                // 获取ActivityThread对象
                ActivityThread activityThread = (ActivityThread) ReflectUtil.getActivityThread(mContext);
                // 获取ContentProvider Map
                Map mProviderMap = (Map) ReflectUtil.getField(activityThread.getClass(), activityThread, "mProviderMap");
                Iterator iter = mProviderMap.entrySet().iterator();
                // 变量查询相应的ContentProvider      
                while (iter.hasNext()) {
                    Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();
                    Object key = entry.getKey();
                    Object val = entry.getValue();
                    String auth;
                    if (key instanceof String) {
                        auth = (String) key;
                    } else {
                        if (authority == null) {
                            authority = key.getClass().getDeclaredField("authority");
                            authority.setAccessible(true);
                        }
                        auth = (String) authority.get(key);
                    }
                    if (auth.equals(PluginContentResolver.getAuthority(mContext))) {
                        if (mProvider == null) {
                            mProvider = val.getClass().getDeclaredField("mProvider");
                            mProvider.setAccessible(true);
                        }
                        IContentProvider rawProvider = (IContentProvider) mProvider.get(val);
                        // 获取对应的IContentProvider
                        IContentProvider proxy = IContentProviderProxy.newInstance(mContext, rawProvider);
                        mIContentProvider = proxy;
                        Log.d(TAG, "hookIContentProvider succeed : " + mIContentProvider);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
}

ContentProvider也在Manifest文件里进行了占坑注册,如下所示:


<application>
    <provider
            android:name="com.didi.virtualapk.delegate.RemoteContentProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.VirtualAPK.Provider"
            android:process=":daemon" />
</application>

获取到IContentProvider对象后,就可以对它进行动态代理,拦截它里面的操作,例如:query、insert、update、delete等操,在这些操作里吧用户调用的URI缓存占坑Provider的URI,再 把原来的URI作为参数拼接在占坑Provider后面即可。这个替换和拼接的过程是由PluginContentResolver的wrapperUri()方法来完成的,如下所示:

public class PluginContentResolver extends ContentResolver {
        @Keep
        public static Uri wrapperUri(LoadedPlugin loadedPlugin, Uri pluginUri) {
            String pkg = loadedPlugin.getPackageName();
            String pluginUriString = Uri.encode(pluginUri.toString());
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(PluginContentResolver.getUri(loadedPlugin.getHostContext()));
            //先加入占坑Provider的URI
            builder.append("/?plugin=" + loadedPlugin.getLocation());
            // 再将目标URI和packageName拼接上去
            builder.append("&pkg=" + pkg);
            builder.append("&uri=" + pluginUriString);
            Uri wrapperUri = Uri.parse(builder.toString());
            return wrapperUri;
        }
}

可以发现上面占坑的Provider是RemoteContentProvider,它继承ContentProvider,相当于是它的代理类,如下所示:

public class RemoteContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
    
       private ContentProvider getContentProvider(final Uri uri) {
            final PluginManager pluginManager = PluginManager.getInstance(getContext());
            Uri pluginUri = Uri.parse(uri.getQueryParameter(KEY_URI));
            final String auth = pluginUri.getAuthority();
            // 1. 尝试从缓存中获取ContentProvider。
            ContentProvider cachedProvider = sCachedProviders.get(auth);
            if (cachedProvider != null) {
                return cachedProvider;
            }
    
            synchronized (sCachedProviders) {
                // 2. 获取LoadedPlugin对象。
                LoadedPlugin plugin = pluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(uri.getQueryParameter(KEY_PKG));
                if (plugin == null) {
                    try {
                        pluginManager.loadPlugin(new File(uri.getQueryParameter(KEY_PLUGIN)));
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
    
                // 3. 从LoadedPlugin对象里获取Provider相关信息ProviderInfo。
                final ProviderInfo providerInfo = pluginManager.resolveContentProvider(auth, 0);
                if (providerInfo != null) {
                    RunUtil.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            try {
                                LoadedPlugin loadedPlugin = pluginManager.getLoadedPlugin(uri.getQueryParameter(KEY_PKG));
                                // 4. 利用反射创建ContentProvider对象。
                                ContentProvider contentProvider = (ContentProvider) Class.forName(providerInfo.name).newInstance();
                                contentProvider.attachInfo(loadedPlugin.getPluginContext(), providerInfo);
                                // 5. 将ContentProvider对象存入缓存中。
                                sCachedProviders.put(auth, contentProvider);
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                    }, true);
                    return sCachedProviders.get(auth);
                }
            }
    
            return null;
        }
}

整个构建ContentProvider对象的流程如下所示:

  1. 尝试从缓存中获取ContentProvider。
  2. 获取LoadedPlugin对象。
  3. 从LoadedPlugin对象里获取Provider相关信息ProviderInfo。
  4. 利用反射创建ContentProvider对象。
  5. 将ContentProvider对象存入缓存中。

我们再接着来看看RemoteContentProvider里面的增删改查操作,如下所示:

public class RemoteContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
    
    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        // 1. 通过传入的URI生成一个新的Provider。
        ContentProvider provider = getContentProvider(uri);
        // 2. 拿到目标URI。
        Uri pluginUri = Uri.parse(uri.getQueryParameter(KEY_URI));
        if (provider != null) {
            // 3. 执行最终的查询操作。
            return provider.query(pluginUri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, sortOrder);
        }

        return null;
    }
}

query()方法的逻辑也十分简单,如下所示:

  1. 通过传入的URI生成一个新的Provider。
  2. 拿到目标URI。
  3. 执行最终的查询操作。

好了,四大组件的启动流程都分析完了,我们再来总结一下:

  • Activity:在宿主apk中提前占坑,然后通过“欺上瞒下”的方式绕过校验,启动插件APK里的Activity;
  • Service:通过代理Service的方式去分发,VirtualAPK使用了两个代理Service,即LocalService和RemoteService。
  • BroadcastReceiver:将静态广播转为动态广播。
  • ContentProvider:通过一个代理Provider进行操作的分发。

以上便是整个VrtualAPK框架的原理分析。