在Android6.0系统上获取一些危险权限会直接崩溃，为此找了一些解决办法。
下面Activity会弹出权限授权窗口，以便用户授权：
public class PermissionsActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final int PERMISSIONS_GRANTED = 0; // 权限授权
public static final int PERMISSIONS_DENIED = 1; // 权限拒绝
private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 系统权限管理页面的参数
private static final String EXTRA_PERMISSIONS =
"com.hundsun.gildata.fais.permission.extra_permission"; // 权限参数
private static final String PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME = "package:"; // 方案
private PermissionsUtil mChecker; // 权限检测器
private boolean isRequireCheck; // 是否需要系统权限检测, 防止和系统提示框重叠
// 启动当前权限页面的公开接口
public static void startActivityForResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, String... permissions) {
Intent intent = new Intent(activity, PermissionsActivity.class);
intent.putExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS, permissions);
ActivityCompat.startActivityForResult(activity, intent, requestCode, null);
}
@Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if (getIntent() == null || !getIntent().hasExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS)) {
throw new RuntimeException("PermissionsActivity需要使用静态startActivityForResult方法启动!");
}
setContentView(R.layout.activity_permissions);
mChecker = new PermissionsUtil(this);
isRequireCheck = true;
}
@Override protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if (isRequireCheck) {
String[] permissions = getPermissions();
if (mChecker.lacksPermissions(permissions)) {
requestPermissions(permissions); // 请求权限
} else {
allPermissionsGranted(); // 全部权限都已获取
}
} else {
isRequireCheck = true;
}
}
// 返回传递的权限参数
private String[] getPermissions() {
return getIntent().getStringArrayExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS);
}
// 请求权限兼容低版本
private void requestPermissions(String... permissions) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
}
// 全部权限均已获取
private void allPermissionsGranted() {
setResult(PERMISSIONS_GRANTED);
finish();
}
/**
* 用户权限处理,
* 如果全部获取, 则直接过.
* 如果权限缺失, 则提示Dialog.
*
* @param requestCode 请求码
* @param permissions 权限
* @param grantResults 结果
*/
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE && hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) {
isRequireCheck = true;
allPermissionsGranted();
} else {
isRequireCheck = false;
showMissingPermissionDialog();
}
}
// 含有全部的权限
private boolean hasAllPermissionsGranted(@NonNull int[] grantResults) {
for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// 显示缺失权限提示
private void showMissingPermissionDialog() {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(PermissionsActivity.this);
builder.setTitle(R.string.help);
builder.setMessage(R.string.string_help_text);
// 拒绝, 退出应用
builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.quit, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
setResult(PERMISSIONS_DENIED);
finish();
}
});
builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.settings, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
startAppSettings();
}
});
builder.setCancelable(false);
builder.show();
}
// 启动应用的设置
private void startAppSettings() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
intent.setData(Uri.parse(PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME + getPackageName()));
startActivity(intent);
}
}
接下来还需要一个权限检测工具，如下：
public class PermissionsUtil {
private final Context mContext;
public PermissionsUtil(Context context) {
mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
}
// 判断权限集合
public boolean lacksPermissions(String... permissions) {
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (lacksPermission(permission)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
// 判断是否缺少权限
private boolean lacksPermission(String permission) {
return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, permission) ==
PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
}
}
调用方法如下：
// 所需的全部权限
static final String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{
Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE,
Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};
private PermissionsUtil permissionsUtil;
private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 请求码
//此方法在onResume里面调用即可
private void checkPermissions(){
if(permissionsUtil.lacksPermissions(PERMISSIONS)){
startPermissionsActivity();
}
}
private void startPermissionsActivity() {
PermissionsActivity.startActivityForResult(this, REQUEST_CODE, PERMISSIONS);
}
//用来接收授权对话框返回的结果
@Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
// 拒绝时, 关闭页面, 缺少主要权限, 无法运行
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == PermissionsActivity.PERMISSIONS_DENIED) {
finish();
}
}
注：没有Android6.0的真机，仅仅在模拟器上测试通过
不要忘记在xml里配置Activity
