EasyDataKit 简单易用的 SQLite 轮子

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EasyDataKit 是一个基于 FMDB 封装的库,它可以免去开发者编写复杂 SQL 的困扰,更加专注业务上的事情,从而提高开发效率。

特征

  • 类 ORM 接口

  • 自动创建库和表,支持表新增字段的修改

  • 支持 where 查询语句

  • 自动事务提升插入效率

使用

EasyDataKit 适用于将网络请求的数据持久化到数据库中,特别是处理网络请求数据时不习惯把数据转换成 model。笔者的浅见是:转换对性能是有消耗的,获得的可读性好处也可以通过字符串常量解决。(这儿有篇探讨

假设你通过网络请求获取到了数据:

{
    "data": {
        "id": "56d177a27cb3331100465f72",
        "messagePrefix": "饭否每日精选",
        "content": "饭否每日精选",
        "topicId": 1345,
        "briefIntro": "饭否是国内著名的小众轻博客社区,氛围独特,清新自由。关注饭否每日精选,看看尘嚣之外,大家谈论什么。",
        "keywords": "饭否 精选 短博客 社区",
        "timeForRank": "2016-02-27T11:06:30.731Z",
        "lastMessagePostTime": "2016-11-06T02:42:52.111Z",
        "topicPublishDate": "2016-02-26T16:00:00.000Z",
        "createdAt": "2016-02-27T10:17:06.295Z",
        "updatedAt": "2016-11-01T04:30:08.973Z",
        "subscribersCount": 1207100,
        "subscribedStatusRawValue": 1,
        "subscribedAt": "2016-10-18T09:57:24.424Z",
        "rectanglePicture": {
            "thumbnailUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach3c6o011j91ljjtmdhlhnffo.jpg?imageView2/1/w/120/h/180",
            "middlePicUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach3c6o011j91ljjtmdhlhnffo.jpg?imageView2/1/w/200/h/300",
            "picUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach3c6o011j91ljjtmdhlhnffo.jpg?imageView2/0/h/1000",
            "format": "png"
        },
        "squarePicture": {
            "thumbnailUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach6nm599m94re1gvj14r71jaso.jpg?imageView2/0/w/120/h/120",
            "middlePicUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach6nm599m94re1gvj14r71jaso.jpg?imageView2/0/w/300/h/300",
            "picUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach6nm599m94re1gvj14r71jaso.jpg?imageView2/0/h/1000",
            "format": "png"
        },
        "pictureUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach3c6o011j91ljjtmdhlhnffo.jpg?imageView2/1/w/200/h/300",
        "thumbnailUrl": "https://cdn.ruguoapp.com/o_1ach6nm599m94re1gvj14r71jaso.jpg?imageView2/0/w/300/h/300"
    }
}

你可将这段 JSON String 转换成 Dictionary 或 Array:

NSDictionary *dictionary = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
NSDictionary *subscribe = dictionary[@"data"];

接着便可使用 EasyDataKit 的 API 进行存储:

EDKEntity *subscribeEntity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"subcribes" dbName:nil];
[subscribeEntity saveData:subscribe primaryColumn:@"id" relationShip:nil indexes:nil];

可以手动为数据添加列,实现满足业务的需求:

NSMutableDictionary *subcribeInfo = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:subscribe];
[subcribeInfo setObject:@1 forKey:@"isSubcribed"];
EDKEntity *subscribeEntity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"subcribes" dbName:nil];
[subscribeEntity saveData:subcribeInfo primaryColumn:@"id" relationShip:nil indexes:nil];

如果你想让某纪录关联其它对象,可以将对象存储后返回的 id 作为 value,key 是该纪录原本对应该对象的字段,这相当于用 id 这个值去替换原本字段对应的对象,从而达到拆分的目的:

id rowId = [rectanglePictureEntity saveData:subscribe[@"rectanglePicture"] primaryColumn:nil relationShip:nil];

EDKEntity *subscribeEntity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"subcribes" dbName:nil];
[subscribeEntity saveData:subscribe primaryColumn:@"id" relationShip:@{@"rectanglePicture": rowId} indexes:nil];

存储索引:

NSDictionary *subcribeInfo = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:subscribe];
EDKEntity *subscribeEntity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"subcribes" dbName:@"TestIndex"];
[subscribeEntity saveData:subcribeInfo primaryColumn:nil relationShip:nil indexes:@[@[@"topicId"], @[@"content", @"messagePrefix"]]];

对存储来说,EasyDataKit 还提供了自动 ALTER TABLE 添加列的功能,方便开发者应对升级,原理是当检测到待存储的字典 keys 数组元素个数比之前已经在表中的列多时,则会自动为表添加新的列,即并不支持修改列和删除列的操作,而 EasyDataKit 对创建的索引是支持修改删除的。

查询:

// select by id
EDKEntity *entity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"messages" dbName:nil];
id object = [entity queryByPrimaryKey:@"581d2fdb36a4471100e311d6" withColumns:@[@"topicId", @"commentCount", @"topic"]];
NSLog(@"%@", object);

NSArray *objects = [entity queryWithColumns:nil where:@"WHERE commentCount < ? and read = ?" arguments:@[@20, @1]];
NSLog(@"%@", objects);

查询嵌套对象并将其转换为 Dictionary 或 Array:

EDKEntity *subcribeEntity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"subcribes" dbName:nil];
// select by id
id subcribe = [subcribeEntity queryByPrimaryKey:@"56d177a27cb3331100465f72" withColumns:@[@"squarePicture"]];
// subcribe is a json string
NSData *data = [subcribe[@"squarePicture"] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSError *error;
NSDictionary *jsonDict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:&error];
NSLog(@"JSONDict: %@", jsonDict);

更新:

EDKEntity *entity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"messages" dbName:nil];
[entity updateByPrimaryKey:@"5805905a319a9c1200833660" set:@{@"read": @"0", @"commentCount": @99}];
[entity updateWithSet:@{@"messageId": @"2333333"} where:@"WHERE commentCount > ?" arguments:@[@50]];

删除:

EDKEntity *entity = [[EDKEntity alloc] initWithTableName:@"messages" dbName:nil];
// delete by id
[entity deleteByPrimaryKey:@"5805905a319a9c1200833660"];
// delete by where
[entity deleteWithWhere:@"WHERE popularity = ?" arguments:@[@"93"]];
// delete all
[entity deleteAll];

由上面可以看出,只要创建出 EDKEntity 对象,就可以轻松加愉快地进行存储,查找,修改,删除操作。开发者无需创建数据库、表,EasyDataKit 也支持 db 的划分,但不提供内存缓存,原因是笔者认为没有热块的数据库缓存意义不是太大。当有写操作发生的时候,EasyDataKit 会通过轮询的事务机制打包写操作,从而提高频繁写操作的效率。

源码简析

EasyDataKit 有个 swizzle 了 NSMutableDictionary 的 setObject:forKey: 和 NSMutableArray 的 addObject:,使得应对空值不会 crash。

EasyDataKit 还有个递归方法:dealWithObject:,主要有两个用途:一是用来检测除了 NSDictionary、NSArray、NSString、NSNumber、NSNull 这些类型以外的合法性,譬如 UIView 类型直接调用 description 转换成字符串;二是为了能让嵌套的 Dictionary 或 Array 以 JSON String 的形式存入数据库,在取出后仍可以将其转换回 Dictionary 或 Array。

DISPATCH_SOURCE_TYPE_TIMER 创建的定时器。