jQuery.my is a plugin that binds HTML controls with underlying javascript object using declarative MVVM style manifest. Bindings are bi-directional and real-time.
jQuery.my recognizes standard HTML controls as well as composite controls rendered by jQuery Mobile, nearly all jQuery UI widgets, Redactor, Ace, CodeMirror, Select2 and others.
Comprehensive validation, conditional formatting and dependencies resolution are available. Forms can be nested – each $.my instance can be used as control for a parent form if any.
Forms are promises – any .init function can return promise
instead of undefined and become async.
jQuery.my also incorporates simple template engine and modal dialog mechanics, which also behaves as promise.
Below API description is not complete, see jquerymy.com for more detailed API, examples and list of compatible controls.
See cloudwall.me as an example of web-app platform built on top of $.my.
Setup
jQuery.my requires jQuery 1.11+ and SugarJS 1.4.0+.
$.my can can be installed from npm – npm install jquerymy,
same for bower.
Quick start
var person={};
var manifest = {
"data": { name:"", metrics:{ age:"" }},
"init": function ($node, formRuntimeObj) {
$node.html(
'' +
''
);
},
"ui":{
"#name": { bind: "name" },
"#age" : { bind: "metrics.age" }
}
};
// Init $.my
$("#form").my(manifest, person);
Now form inputs are filled with init values and any interaction with controls
immidiately mutates person object. Dot notation of deep-level
bindings is just syntax sugar. It also can be used with arrays in style
like someArray.1.
First param passed to $.my is denoted below as manifest.
Retrieving and updating data
To get form data just read value of the person variable
or read $("#form").my("data"). Second way
is good if $.my was initialized without any init value passed.
To put new data into already initialized instance of $.my
call $("#form").my("data", {name: "Mike"}).
Note you can update data partially. Form is redrawn and revalidated after
applying new data .
More complex data bind
The .bind field can be defined as a bi-directional function.
It receives entire data object and new value as params. If null is
passed function must only return value for DOM control, otherwise function
must put value into data object and then return value for DOM.
So bind function implements both getter and setter – depending
on value passed.
$("#form").my({
ui:{
"#name": "name",
"#age" : {
bind: function (data, value, $control) {
if (value != null) data.metrics.age = value;
return data.metrics.age =
(data.metrics.age + "").replace(/\D/g,"");
}
}
}
}, person);
Note bind function in example won’t allow to input anything than number. Pressing non-num key will do nothing with input, non-num chars are stripped immidiately.
Third param $control is jQuery reference to the control being
processed, it can be useful for navigating over form. Calling $control.my("find", "#name") returns #name control
for example.
Validation
There are several ways to validate data received from control. Validator
can be a regexp or a function. Functions unlike regexps can return custom
error messages depending on value being checked. Check is performed just before executing .bind.
If value is incorrect .my-error class is applied to the closest
DOM container of the control, otherwise this style rule is removed.
If control is not interactive – we bind some data with <div> element
for example – .my-error class is applied to the element itself,
not container.
####RegExp validation
$("#form").my({
ui:{
"#name": {
bind: "name",
check:/^[a-z]{10}$/i,
error:"10 latin chars" // Optional
},
"#age": { bind: "metrics.age" }
}
});
If user puts something other than 10-letter combination into #name input, class attribute
of the parent <div> is set to .my-error.
####Validating with function Validator function receives same params as .bind but
executed before bind. Validator must return error message string – or empty
string if value is ok.
Unlike .bind validator is never called with value equal
to null, it always receives real value.
$("#form").my({
data:{/*...*/},
init: function ($node){/*...*/},
ui:{
"#name": {
"bind": "name",
"check": function (data, value, $control) {
if (value.length > 20) return "Too long name";
if (!/^[a-z]+$/.test(value)) return "Only letters allowed";
return "";
}
},
"#age": "age"
}
});
Messages returned by validator are put into DOM element with class .my-error-tip,
which must be located inside the control’s container. So to make messages
visible we must explicitly add this element into html. If no such elemnt
found error message will be added as title attribute to the
control itself. If control has own title it is stashed until
error corrected.
####Checking entire form has no errors
$("#form").my("errors") returns
object, which keys are invalid fields and their values are error messages.
If all the fields are ok, {} is returned. If form has child
forms, their errors are mapped to appropriate branch.
To spot whether entire data is valid or not call $("#form").my("valid").
Dependencies
Let it be a form that calculates product of two values. We need to recalculate product each time any of factors changes.
$("#form").my({
data:{ num1:"10", num2:"1.5" },
init: function ($node){/*...*/},
ui:{
"#factor1": "num1",
"#factor2": "num2",
"#product": {
bind: function (data) {
return data.num1 * data.num2;
},
watch: "#factor1,#factor2" //shorthand for ["#factor1", "#factor2"]
}
}
});
Product is not mapped to data – .bind function does not save
anything. It only returns value to put in #product DOM element.
Every time #factor1 or #factor2 receive input #product is
recalculated.
There is another syntax to define dependencies.
$("#form").my({
ui:{
"#factor1": {
bind: "num1",
recalc: "#product"
},
"#factor2": "num2",
"#product": {
bind: function (data) {return data.num1 * data.num2},
watch: "#factor2"
}
}
});
It behaves the same way. Note that .recalc is processed prior
to .watch. So if a field depends on some other fields via both .recalc and .watch attributes,
recalcs go first.
Loop dependencies are resolved correctly.
Conditional formatting and disabling
$.my can apply different classes depending on data object state.
$("#form").my({
ui:{
"#name": {
bind: "name",
recalc: "#age",
css: {
"orange":/^.{10}$/
}
},
"#age": {
bind: "age",
css:{
":disabled": function (data, value) {
return data.name.length == 0;
}
}
}
}
});
Here if #name is exactly 10 chars, its container will receive
class orange. If value doesn’t match regexp then class orange is
removed.
Input #age depends on value of #name field and is
disabled if data.name is empty.
Conditional formatting over appropriate field is applied after .check and .bind.
Init functions
####Preparing form during initialization If underlying form is just a HTML carcass it’s good idea to enrich it during $.my instance initialization without any code outside the manifest.
$("#form").my({
data: { range: [30, 70] },
init: function ($node) {
$node.html('')
},
ui:{
"#range": {
init: function ($control) {
$control.slider(range: true, min: 0, max: 100);
},
bind: "range"
}
}
});
Here we apply jQuery.UI Slider plugin over #range control.
Data attribute range will receive array of two values – slider
start and stop. On start control will be set to 30–70 range.
Certainly HTML carcass itself can be generated using init function,
placed as child of manifest’s root – as in above example.
####Async init To become async .init function must return promise
of any sort (so-called ‘then-able’). Initialization sequence continues
when promise is resolved or fails if promise is rejected.
$("#form")
.my({
data: { name:"" },
init: function ($node, runtime) {
var promise = $.ajax({
url:"http://some.url"
}).then(function (res) {
// We received responce, gen form HTML
$node.html('')
// Assume res is string, mount default data
runtime.data.name = res;
});
return promise;
},
ui:{"#name": "name"}
})
.then(function (data){
// Do something when form init finished
})
.fail(function(errMessage) {
// Do something if init failed
});
jQuery AJAX implementation returns promise, so we may return $.ajax result
directly. When data is received promise is resolved and initialization
continues. When it is finished, promise returned by $.my is resolved with
form’s .data.
Promises are new to community and yet have no strict standard – so to
simplify code $.Deferred() model is used inside jQuery.my.
Nested and repeated forms
Each DOM node which was instantiated with $.my can act as a single control
for some parent $.my form. DOM node #child is instantiated with
own manifest in example.
$("#form")
.my({
data: { name:"" , child:{}},
init: function ($node, runtime) {
//Draw HTML
},
ui:{
"#name": "name",
"#child" :{
bind:"child",
check:true, //ensures child’s errors invalidate parent
manifest:{
data:{/* child’s data struct */},
init:{/* child’s init, can be async */},
ui:{ /* child’s ui */}
}
}
}
})
To build list of nested forms just bind it with array. Below example builds list of similar array elements.
$("#form")
.my({
data: { name:"" , child:[ /* array of elts */]},
init: function ($node, runtime) {
//Draw HTML
},
ui:{
"#name": "name",
"#child" :{
bind:"child",
check:true,
list:'', //optional
init: function ($list) { //optional
// Makes list items sortable by drag
// and drop, jQuery UI plugin required
$list.sortable();
},
manifest:{
data:{/* child’s data struct */},
init:{/* child’s init, can be async */},
ui:{ /* child’s ui */}
},
}
}
})
Tuning behavior
####Events $.my understands many types of controls and automatically selects appropriate event handler(s) to provide real-time binding. It’s a kind of device driver for different plugins and conventional HTML inputs or noninteractive elements.
But sometimes you need no realtime response – in case of buttons or links for example. Bind function must be executed only when button is really clicked, not while initializing.
$("#form").my({
ui:{
"#button": {
bind: function (data, value) {
if (value != null) {
//do something
}
},
events: "click,dblclick"
}
}
});
The events attribute here defines that bind executed after
click or doubleclick events on #button element. Note .bind returns undefined here
– this syntax allows us to keep control’s content intact. ####Delays There
are several cases bind function must have kind of an anti-jitter. If control
is jQuery.UI Slider or conventional HTML5 <input type="range"> it’s
reasonable to exec .bind when slider stops. Complex bind function
executed every pixel slider moves can be real CPU and RAM hog.
$("#form").my({
ui:{
"#slider": {
bind: function (data, val) { /* do somth*/ },
delay: 150
}
}
});
In this example .bind starts only after last event within 150ms.
If change events are raised more often then one in 150ms, they are supressed.
See live demo – its much
more clear than description.
Reusable code snippets
Some functions or fields inside manifest can contain code with matching
fragments. It can be same regexps for different fields, or some dictionaries
used here and there etc. They can be stored at manifest’s root and acessed
from ui section members by reference.
$("#form").my({
NumCheck:/^\d+$/,
ForbiddenPasswords:["123","qwerty"],
ui:{
"#num": {
bind: "num",
check: "NumCheck"
},
"#pwd":{
bind:"password",
check: function (data, value) {
var pwdList = this.ForbiddenPasswords;
if (pwdList.indexOf(value) == -1) return "Too simple password!";
return "";
}
}
},
SomeFunction: function () { // this points to runtime manifest }
});
Not only checks but every function defined in .ui section receives this pointing
to runtime manifest. Functions located on the first level of manifest (SomeFunction in
example above) also receive this pointing to runtime.
Manifest delivery
There is buil-in method to convert manifest with functions and regexps
into conventional JSON. It’s useful for on-demand manifest delivery using
ajax calls. $.my.tojson(manifest)
returns correct JSON-encoded
string with all functions and regexps converted to strings.
This approach is used in CouchDB to store internal functions as JSON docs. It’s quite simple and straightforward.
$.my.tojson({
a:function(){},
b:/./
})
>> '{"a":"function (){}", "b":"new RegExp(/./)"}'
Method $.my.fromjson(someJSON) unwinds encoded functions and
regexps into full-featured code.
There is no need to decipher encoded manifests before passing them to $.my – they are unwinded automatically.
Styling forms
Manifest can contain style property that defines hierarchy
of css rules for form instance. Some rules can be static and other calculated
according to form’s init data.
{
id:"ManifestId",
data:{...},
init function(){...},
ui:{...},
style:{
" .red": "color:#c02",
" .item":{
" .name": "font-size:110%",
" .user": function ($form, form) {
if ($form.width()<500) return "display:none";
return "font-size:80%";
}
},
" h2,h3":{
"": "font-weight:bold"
".light": "font-weight:normal",
">img.icon": "width:24px;"
}
}
}
Syntax is more or less straightforward. Note spaces before most rules.
Above example will be rendered in two <style> sections.
.my-manifest-abc123def .red:{color:#c02}
.my-manifest-abc123def .item .name {font-size:110%}
.my-manifest-abc123def .h2 {font-weight:bold}
...
.my-form-098fea432 .item .user:{display:none}
First is static and generated from string definitions. If manifest – like
in example – has id, this <style> section
generated only once regardless of number of manifest instances running.
When last instance dies, this section will be removed.
Second <style> section is unique for each manifest’s
instance and is generated from rules, defined with functions. They can
tune rules according to form size or init data. In example if container
is too narrow, no .user is shown.
Style section is evaluated before init to ensure init see real geometry of objects it puts to the page.
Settings
Below parameters of $.my instance can be tuned for an entire form:
var manifest = {
params:{
delay: 0, //global anti-jitter delay, can be overriden
depth: 2, //depth of chained/looped recalc resolution
errorTip: ".my-error-tip", //jQuery selector for error msg
errorCss: "my-error" //class to mark invalid controls
},
data: {...},
init: function ($form) {...},
ui:{...}
};
Full set of settings is quite long, they are listed and explained at jquerymy.com/api.html
Compatibility
Works fine on IE9+ and other browsers. IE8 is also supported, but apps require thorough testing and optimizations to avoid lags.
