Android自定义View--用ViewGroup打造一个3D堆叠卡片容器

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原文链接: www.jianshu.com

1. 功能描述

目前只能支持三张图片,支持横竖屏模式,手指滑动翻页到下一张卡片,手指点击也可以切换到当前卡片,并且选中的卡片会在整个ViewGroup的最上层,会被放大,可以自定义放大动画的时长。最基本的Android自定义控件,大神就别看了。
来先看效果图吧:
支持竖屏模式

gif
gif
也支持横屏模式:
gif2
gif2
属性 描述 默认值
scc_anim_duration 卡片放大动画时间 300
scc_edge 每个卡片顶边和底边的距离 60
scc_type 竖屏还是横屏模式 VERTICAL
scc_min_change_distance 手指最小滑动距离才会翻页 20

主要是想熟悉一下自定义控件的基本测量和布局方式,其实使用LinearLayout或者是FrameLayout来做会更加方便,但是这个时候就不需要我们自己去重写onMeasure和onLayout方法了。
支持的自定义属性:

属性 描述 默认值
scc_anim_duration 卡片放大动画时间 300
scc_edge 每个卡片顶边和底边的距离 60
scc_type 竖屏还是横屏模式 VERTICAL
scc_min_change_distance 手指最小滑动距离才会翻页 20

2. 实现原理

把ViewGroup中的三个View(可为任意的三个控件)按照预设好的边距和padding测量大小,然后三个view根据edge值来确定依次确定位置。我们没有用到canvas、path或者paint。没必要,我们只需要改变子View的绘制顺序,检测到用户的滑动或者是点击就invalidate重绘,把用户选中的view放在最后绘制这样就可以将当前选中的view放在最上层。这样放大选中的view就不会被遮住。


原理
原理

3. 代码讲解

a. 改变子View的绘制次序

    /**
     * 获取子控件dispatchDraw的次序,将当前选中的View放在最后绘制
     */
    @Override
    protected int getChildDrawingOrder(int childCount, int i) {
    //currentItemIndex 为当前选中的View在ViewGroup中的position
        if (currentItemIndex < 0) {
            return i;
        }
        if (i < (childCount - 1)) {
            if (currentItemIndex == i)
                i = childCount - 1;
        } else {
            if (currentItemIndex < childCount)
                i = currentItemIndex;
        }
        return i;
    }

b. 测量子View大小

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
//        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        /**
         * 获得此ViewGroup上级容器为其推荐的宽和高,以及计算模式
         */
        int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        int sizeWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);

        int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        int sizeHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        /**
         * 先测量整个Viewgroup的大小
         */
        setMeasuredDimension(sizeWidth, sizeHeight);

        int childCount = getChildCount();
        int childWidth, childHeight;
        /**由于每一个子View的宽高都是一样的所以就一起计算每一个View的宽高*/
        if(ShapeType.VERTICAL.ordinal() == mShapeType){  //竖向模式
            childWidth = getMeasuredWidth() - padding*2;
            childHeight = getMeasuredHeight() - padding*2 - edge*2;
        }else{   //横向模式
            childWidth = getMeasuredWidth() - padding*2 - edge*2;
            childHeight = getMeasuredHeight() - padding*2;
        }

        int childWidthMeasureSpec = 0;
        int childHeightMeasureSpec = 0;

        // 循环测量每一个View
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View childView = getChildAt(i);

            // 系统自动测量子View:
//            measureChild(childView, widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

            /** 以一个精确值来测量子View的宽度 */
            childWidthMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(childWidth, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
            childHeightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(childHeight, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
            childView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec,childHeightMeasureSpec);
        }

    }

c. 测量子View位置

位置确定最基本原理:


onlayout
onlayout
@Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        int childCount = getChildCount();
        // 循环测量每一个View
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            View childView = getChildAt(i);
            //四个方向的margin值
            int measureL = 0, measurelT = 0, measurelR = 0, measurelB = 0;

            if(ShapeType.VERTICAL.ordinal() == mShapeType){  //竖向模式
                switch (i){
                    case 0:
                        measureL = padding;
                        measurelT = padding;
                        measurelB = childView.getMeasuredHeight() + padding;
                        measurelR = childView.getMeasuredWidth() + padding;
                        childView.layout(measureL, measurelT, measurelR, measurelB);
                        break;
                    case 1:
                        measureL = padding;
                        measurelT = padding + edge;
                        measurelB = childView.getMeasuredHeight() + padding + edge;
                        measurelR = childView.getMeasuredWidth() + padding;
                        childView.layout(measureL, measurelT, measurelR, measurelB);
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        measureL = padding;
                        measurelT = padding + edge*2;
                        measurelB = childView.getMeasuredHeight() + padding + edge*2;
                        measurelR = childView.getMeasuredWidth() + padding;
                        childView.layout(measureL, measurelT, measurelR, measurelB);
                        break;
                }
            }else{   //横向模式
                switch (i){
                    case 0:
                        measureL = padding;
                        measurelT = padding;
                        measurelB = childView.getMeasuredHeight() + padding;
                        measurelR = childView.getMeasuredWidth() + padding;
                        childView.layout(measureL, measurelT, measurelR, measurelB);
                        break;
                    case 1:
                        measureL = padding + edge;
                        measurelT = padding;
                        measurelB = childView.getMeasuredHeight() + padding;
                        measurelR = childView.getMeasuredWidth() + padding + edge;
                        childView.layout(measureL, measurelT, measurelR, measurelB);
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        measureL = padding + edge*2;
                        measurelT = padding;
                        measurelB = childView.getMeasuredHeight() + padding;
                        measurelR = childView.getMeasuredWidth() + padding + edge*2;
                        childView.layout(measureL, measurelT, measurelR, measurelB);
                        break;
                }
            }


        }
    }

d. 手势交互逻辑

在手指滑动的时候为了防止频繁触发翻页,我使用了handler去发送翻页消息。

    /**
     * 事件分发
     * onTouchEvent() 用于处理事件,返回值决定当前控件是否消费(consume)了这个事件
     * @param event
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d("danxx", "onTouchEvent");
//        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
        /**以屏幕左上角为坐标原点计算的Y轴坐标**/
        int y;
        if(ShapeType.VERTICAL.ordinal() ==  mShapeType){ //竖屏模式取Y轴坐标
            y = (int) event.getRawY();
        }else{
            y = (int) event.getRawX(); //横屏模式取X轴坐标
        }
        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                Log.i(TAG, "MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN");
                // 手指按下时记录下y坐标
                lastY = y;
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                Log.i(TAG, "MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE");
                // 手指向下滑动时 y坐标 = 屏幕左上角为坐标原点计算的Y轴坐标 - 手指滑动的Y轴坐标
                int m = y - lastY;
                if(m>0 && m>changeDistance){  //手指向下滑动 或者是左滑
                    changeHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UP);
                    changeHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(MSG_UP, animDuration);

                }else if(m< 0&& Math.abs(m)>changeDistance){ //手指向上滑动 或者右滑
                    changeHandler.removeMessages(MSG_DOWN);
                    changeHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(MSG_DOWN, animDuration);
                }

                // 记录下此刻y坐标
                this.lastY = y;
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                Log.i(TAG, "MotionEvent.ACTION_UP");
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }

d. 上下或者左右翻页代码

    /**
     * 显示下面的一页
     * 翻页成功返回true,否则false
     */
    private boolean downPage(){
        if(1 == currentItemIndex){
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), false, 1.0f, animDuration);
            // 重绘,改变堆叠顺序
            currentItemIndex = 2;
            postInvalidate();
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), true, 1.06f, animDuration);
            return true;
        }else if(0 == currentItemIndex){
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), false, 1.0f, animDuration);
            // 重绘,改变堆叠顺序
            currentItemIndex = 1;
            postInvalidate();
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), true, 1.06f, animDuration);
            return true;
        }else if(2 == currentItemIndex){
            return false;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 显示上面的一页
     * 翻页成功返回true,否则false
     */
    private boolean upPage(){
        if(1 == currentItemIndex){
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), false, 1.0f, animDuration);
            // 重绘,改变堆叠顺序
            currentItemIndex = 0;
            postInvalidate();
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), true, 1.06f, animDuration);
            return true;
        }else if(0 == currentItemIndex){
            return false;
        }else if(2 == currentItemIndex){
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), false, 1.0f, animDuration);
            currentItemIndex = 1;
            postInvalidate();
            FocusAnimUtils.animItem(getChildAt(currentItemIndex), true, 1.06f, animDuration);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

4. xml布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<danxx.library.widget.StackCardContainer xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:id="@+id/threeDViewContainer"
    app:scc_anim_duration="300"
    app:scc_edge="90"
    app:scc_padding="70"
    app:scc_type="horizontal"
    app:scc_min_change_distance="20"
    android:layout_margin="10dp"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="420dp">

    <android.support.v7.widget.CardView
        android:id="@+id/view1"
        app:cardCornerRadius="10dp"
        app:cardElevation="10dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:src="@mipmap/card_view_bg0"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:text="血战钢锯岭"
            android:padding="6dp"
            android:textSize="22sp"
            android:lines="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:layout_gravity="bottom"
            android:background="#CAC26F"/>
    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

    <android.support.v7.widget.CardView
        android:id="@+id/view2"
        app:cardCornerRadius="10dp"
        app:cardElevation="10dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:src="@mipmap/card_view_bg1"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:text="你的名字"
            android:padding="6dp"
            android:textSize="22sp"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:lines="1"
            android:layout_gravity="bottom"
            android:background="#0085BA"/>
    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

    <android.support.v7.widget.CardView
        android:id="@+id/view3"
        app:cardCornerRadius="10dp"
        app:cardElevation="10dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:scaleType="centerCrop"
            android:src="@mipmap/card_view_bg2"/>
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:text="从你的全世界路过"
            android:lines="1"
            android:padding="6dp"
            android:textSize="22sp"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:layout_gravity="bottom"
            android:background="#4EC9AD"/>
    </android.support.v7.widget.CardView>

</danxx.library.widget.StackCardContainer>

其实就是在我们自定义的StackCardContainer容器中放置了三个CardView,至于点击事件和数据绑定等完全由用户自己去设置和绑定。StackCardContainer自定义控件只是改变了子View的布局方式并处理手势交互罢了。

5. 源代码 : GitHub项目地址