Bible

Exploiting parallel execution Use threads to deal with I/O delays Multi-core/Hyperthreaded CPUs offe

Producer-Consumer Problem Common synchronization pattern Producer waits for empty slot, inserts item

Threads Memory Model Conceptual model Multiple threads run within the context of a single process Ea

I/O Unix I/O RIO (robust I/O) package Metadata, sharing, and redirection Standard I/O Closing remark

Classical problem classes of concurrent programs Races: outcome depends on arbitrary scheduling deci

Socket Address Structures Generic socket address For address arguments to connect, bind, and accept

A Client-Server Transaction Most network applications are based on the client-server model: A server

Explicit Free Lists Logically Physically blocks can be in any order Maintain list(s) of free blocks,

Can use a balanced tree (e.g. First-fit, next-fit, best-fit, etc.

execve allocates virtual pages for .text and .data sections & creates PTEs marked as invalidThe .text and .

ECF Exists at All Levels of a System Exceptions Hardware and operating system kernel software Proces

An exception is a transfer of control to the OS kernel in response to some event (i.e.

e.g.Merges separate code and data sections into single sectionsRelocates symbols from their relative locations in the .Relocatable object fi...

Read-only memory (ROM): programmed during productionProgrammable ROM (PROM): can be programmed onceErasable PROM (EPROM): can be bulk erased...

A superscalar processor can issue and execute multiple instructions in one cycle. The instructions are retrieved from a sequential instructi...

Runtime stack (8MB limit)E.g.Statistically allocated dataE.g.