## 前言工欲善其事必先利其器，终端算是编程中经常接触的“器”，下面记录个人针对terminal,shell和prompt的一些个性化设置，仅供参考 > 作者沉迷折腾，永远在利器，从来不做事；带伙引以为戒😵‍💫 > > 不过折腾的过程雀食有意思(也可能是我太闲了) > > 原文发布于[vluv.space](https://vluv.space/Dev/Others/terminal/) ## 📚相关术语 | | Meaning | Examples | | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | | Terminal | A text input and output environment. | Windows Terminal,Alacritty，Kitty,Wezterm... | | Console | A physical terminal. | | | Shell | command-line interpreter | nushell,bash,zsh,fish,powershell... | | Prompt | The text that appears at the beginning of a command line | 形如`$`,`>>>` | > 如果想更细致的了解这几个概念的区别，可参考[What is the difference between Terminal, Console, Shell, and Command Line?](https://askubuntu.com/questions/506510/what-is-the-difference-between-terminal-console-shell-and-command-line) *** ## ⌨️终端美化个人体验的终端有 Windows Terminal,Wezterm； Wezterm 可自定义的程度比较高，可以自定义 tab 的位置&样式，但体验过程中，Wezterm 的启动速度相对较慢，目前主要使用 Windows Terminal 我的一些个性化设置 * 字体: [Maple Mono NF CN](https://github.com/subframe7536/maple-font),对Ligatures，中文支持比较好的Nerd Font; * toggle focus mode: 选择开启 Focus Mode，可以隐藏上方 tab 栏，让界面更简洁 * Color Schemes：Tokyo Night 或 Catppuccin Mocha；比较美观的两款夜间主题 * Appearance: 在 Transparency 中选择 Enable acrylic material，启用亚克力效果；透明度 80% **效果图** ![wt.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/0bf0fe07f62b48c996914abfaaacac7c~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=v%2BmakRT0FZq2l8UTf8VN6nLV%2BVU%3D) *** ## 🐚Shell 个人觉得比较好用的 shell 有 [Nushell](https://www.nushell.sh),fish; Powershell偶尔会用，但pwsh在个人机器上加载速度略慢，对使用体验有些影响。 Windows 环境上，fish 安装略麻烦，Nushell 可以通过`winget`,`scoop`或者`cargo`等进行安装；对于 linux,wsl 环境，两者安装都是比较容易的。 ```shell # windows winget install nushell # macos brew install nushell # arch linux sudo pacman -S nushell ``` Nushell 社区比较活跃，插件市场&配置分享在 github 可以找到很多，感觉是比 powershell 活跃的。 > [nu\_scripts](https://github.com/nushell/nu_scripts)仓库中维护了社区用户分享的 nushell 配置，喜欢折腾的可以参考本仓库。下面是个人的 Nushell config，配置文件比较长，考虑篇幅，这里只附上关键内容。有需要完整配置的可以联系作者 ### Keybindings 我下载了 fuzzy finder 以及 bat 这两个命令行工具，配合以下配置可以方便的检索历史命令以及文件；此外还有一些比较实用的命令行工具，放在文末 ```shell # keybindings.nu $env.config.keybindings = ( $env.config.keybindings | append { # history_menu using fzf name: fzf_history_menu_fzf_ui modifier: control keycode: char_r mode: [emacs, vi_normal, vi_insert] event: { send: executehostcommand cmd: "commandline edit --insert (cat $nu.history-path | fzf --height 70% --layout reverse --border +s --tac | str trim)" } } | append { name: fuzzy_file modifier: control keycode: char_t mode: emacs event: { send: executehostcommand cmd: "commandline edit --insert (fzf --layout=reverse --preview 'bat --color=always --style=numbers --line-range=:500 {}')" } } ) # 在你的config.nu里 source ``` **效果** | ![2024-10-19\_15-35-59.gif](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/7a6a93c184e64629b8523814fce25d0d~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=amV0w5Kus12IEcHm1MJ%2B82QbnZE%3D) | ![2024-10-19\_15-43-39.gif](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/00ee531f0bdd431c986a20c15735597e~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=vH1B59aqB%2Bb3NDXj3TqAQkgSNlY%3D) | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | fuzzy\_file | history | ### Completions [nu\_scripts](https://github.com/nushell/nu_scripts)仓库中提供了部分命令的补全脚本，一定程度上可以节省搜命令的时间，比如下面这些 ```shell ls ./custom-completions/ ╭────┬───────────────────────────┬──────┬──────┬─────────────╮ │ # │ name │ type │ size │ modified │ ├────┼───────────────────────────┼──────┼──────┼─────────────┤ │ 0 │ custom-completions\adb │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 1 │ custom-completions\bat │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 2 │ custom-completions\btm │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 3 │ custom-completions\cargo │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 4 │ custom-completions\curl │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 5 │ custom-completions\docker │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 6 │ custom-completions\eza │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 7 │ custom-completions\gh │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 8 │ custom-completions\git │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 9 │ custom-completions\mvn │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 10 │ custom-completions\npm │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 11 │ custom-completions\pytest │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 12 │ custom-completions\scoop │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 13 │ custom-completions\ssh │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 14 │ custom-completions\tar │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ │ 15 │ custom-completions\vscode │ dir │ 0 B │ 2 weeks ago │ │ 16 │ custom-completions\winget │ dir │ 0 B │ 3 weeks ago │ ╰────┴───────────────────────────┴──────┴──────┴─────────────╯ ``` **效果** ![terminal-5.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/a01a180411534f559398e63f0f84314b~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=5kM5Cd89GjcHMj6nTYSdvEk1Jp4%3D) *** ## 💲Prompt Prompt 的美化方案有很多，比较知名的有 starship,ohmyzsh,ohmyposh;这里采用 [ohmyposh](https://ohmyposh.dev)；此前 omp 采用 Powershell 编写，后来为了兼容性用 go 重写，现在适用于 powershell,nushell,fish,zsh,bash 等等，甚至在安卓上也可以食用； oh my posh 对自定义的支持程度非常高,支持的Prompt内容也很广泛，包括但不限于 * OS * docker * git * java、python、golang、rust... * path * Execution Time 添加一些prompt对开发体验有一定提升。我在官方提供的主题上进行了自定义，配置文件放在后面仅供参考显示效果如下图所示 ![nushell.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/36e2e27e971845a8b940f173c6ee8488~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=JbwhogLf%2BcgAA0JVwA0asiZVXuU%3D) ### Theme Oh My Posh 提供了非常丰富的主题,通过`Get-PoshThemes`命令可以查看浏览效果 ![terminal.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/03e26210a5554d16952004531e76c28b~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=lKtQubotZgXiS4MgH5DT5ZmamYw%3D) > 找 icon 可以去[nerd-font cheat-sheet](https://www.nerdfonts.com/cheat-sheet) > > 掘金中部分icon显示不出来，原文发布于个人博客中，可去原文查看， ```json // File: themes\omp.json { "$schema": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JanDeDobbeleer/oh-my-posh/main/themes/schema.json", "blocks": [ { "alignment": "left", "segments": [ { "type": "text", "style": "powerline", "template": "<#92b0ed>╭─" }, { "background": "#29315a", "foreground": "#92b0ed", "style": "diamond", "leading_diamond": "\ue0b6", "template": "{{ .Icon }} ", "type": "os", "properties": { "windows": " Windows", "arch": " Arch", "ubuntu": " Ubuntu" } }, { "background": "#8891e0", "foreground": "#090909", "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "properties": { "folder_icon": "󱧬 ", "folder_separator_icon": "/", "home_icon": "", "style": "letter", "mixed_threshold": 4, "mapped_locations": { "E:/OneDrive - 商业版/Archives/markdown_notes/vluv": "Vluv's Space ", "E:/OneDrive - 商业版/Archives/markdown_notes/Markdown": "My Notes 󰍔", "C:/Users/24138/AppData/Local": "LOCAL APPDATA " } }, "style": "powerline", "template": " <#000> {{ .Path }} ", "type": "path" }, { "background": "#29315A", "foreground": "#43CCEA", "foreground_templates": [ "{{ if or (.Working.Changed) (.Staging.Changed) }}#e0af68{{ end }}", "{{ if and (gt .Ahead 0) (gt .Behind 0) }}#ff4500{{ end }}", "{{ if gt .Ahead 0 }}#bb9af7{{ end }}", "{{ if gt .Behind 0 }}#bb9af7{{ end }}" ], "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "properties": { "branch_max_length": 25, "fetch_stash_count": true, "fetch_status": true, "fetch_upstream_icon": true }, "style": "powerline", "template": " {{ .UpstreamIcon }}{{ .HEAD }}{{if .BranchStatus }} {{ .BranchStatus }}{{ end }}{{ if .Working .Changed }} \uf044 {{ .Working.String }}{{ end }}{{ if and (.Working.Changed) (.Staging.Changed) }} |{{ end }}{{ if .S taging.Changed }} \uf046 {{ .Staging.String }}{{ end }}{{ if gt .StashCount 0 }} \ueb4b {{ .StashCount }}{{ end }} ", "trailing_diamond": "\ue0b4", "type": "git" }, { "background": "#9ece6a", "foreground": "#ffffff", "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "style": "powerline", "template": " \ue718 {{ if .PackageManagerIcon }}{{ .PackageManagerIcon }} {{ end }}{{ .Full }} ", "type": "node" }, { "type": "rust", "style": "powerline", "powerline_symbol": "", "background": "#f7768e", "foreground": "#c31414", "template": "  Rust {{ if .Error }}{{ .Error }}{{ else }}{{ .Full }}{{ end }} " }, { "type": "java", "style": "powerline", "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "background": "#f7768e", "foreground": "#c31414", "template": "  JDK{{ if .Error }}{{ .Error }}{{ else }}{{ .Full }}{{ end }} " }, { "type": "python", "style": "powerline", "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "background": "#bb9af7", "foreground": "#100e23", "template": " \ue235 {{ if .Error }}{{ .Error }}{{ else }}{{ if .Venv }}{{ .Venv }} {{ end }}{{ .Full }}{{ e nd }} " }, { "type": "go", "style": "powerline", "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "background": "#90d8f7", "foreground": "#100e23", "template": " 󰟓 Go{{ .Full }} " }, { "background": "#bb9af7", "foreground": "#100e23", "style": "powerline", "powerline_symbol": "\ue0b0", "template": " \ue620 {{ if .Error }}{{ .Error }}{{ else }}{{ .Full }}{{ end }} ", "type": "lua" } ], "type": "prompt" }, { "alignment": "right", "segments": [ { "foreground": "#8aadf4", "properties": { "style": "dallas", "threshold": 0 }, "style": "diamond", "template": " {{ .FormattedMs }}s in ", "type": "executiontime" }, // { // "foreground": "#e0af68", // "style": "diamond", // "template": "  RAM {{ (div ((sub .PhysicalTotalMemory .PhysicalFreeMemory)|float64) 1073741824.0) }}/{{ (div .PhysicalTotalMemory 1073741824.0) }}GB ", // "type": "sysinfo" // }, { "foreground": "#bb9fee", "style": "diamond", "template": "\uf489 {{ .Name }} ", "type": "shell" }, { "foreground": "#ddcca4", "properties": { "time_format": "3:04 PM" }, "style": "diamond", "template": "󰅐 {{ .CurrentDate | date .Format }}", "type": "time" } // { // "type": "owm", // "style": "diamond", // "foreground": "#7dcfff", // "template": "{{.Weather}} {{.Temperature}}{{.UnitIcon}}", // "properties": { // "api_key": "🤖", // "location": "Chengdu,CN", // "units": "metric", // "enable_hyperlink": true, // "http_timeout": 400, // "cache_timeout": 15 // } // } ], "type": "prompt" }, { "alignment": "left", "newline": true, "segments": [ { "type": "text", "style": "powerline", "template": "<#92b0ed>\u2514 " }, { "foreground": "#86e1fc", "foreground_templates": [ "{{ if gt .Code 0 }}#ef5350{{ end }}" ], "properties": { "always_enabled": true }, "style": "plain", "template": " ", "type": "status" } ], "type": "prompt" } ], "final_space": true, "version": 2 } ``` *** ## 🛠️CLI & TUI 下面是一些比较实用/有意思的命令行工具 ### TUI * [gitui](https://github.com/extrawurst/gitui) Blazing 💥 fast terminal-ui for git written in rust 🦀 类似于 lazygit，在终端中管理 git repo，适合不想动鼠标的人 ![terminal-3.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/0d0de05388414048b13080184c998d61~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=WGwfzf8GxLjGqGNLTY3lmT6siys%3D) * [btop](https://github.com/aristocratos/btop) A monitor of resources 任务管理器 TUI 版，同样适合纯键盘操作 ![terminal-2.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/702785be4aca4e9f91f8e75f2ad6daaa~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=FV64B3gVZdf25FL%2BvvPU8TSIDM4%3D) * [yazi](https://github.com/sxyazi/yazi) 💥 Blazing fast terminal file manager written in Rust, based on async I/O. 支持 windows 平台的 terminal file manager，除此之外 midnight commander 也支持 windows；适合纯键盘操作 ![terminal-4.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/a1de8c10be454a72bb9f4a02be9c5a01~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=8PXmS2EGgEYUZ9fHROzleL9ZsfM%3D) ### CLI * [bat](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat) A cat clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration. 相比 cat 多了语法高亮 ![terminal-1.webp](https://p3-xtjj-sign.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-73owjymdk6/8f3294b1ccc845609552445e7a89117e~tplv-73owjymdk6-jj-mark-v1:0:0:0:0:5o6Y6YeR5oqA5pyv56S-5Yy6IEAgR25peEFpag==:q75.awebp?rk3s=f64ab15b&x-expires=1759096133&x-signature=8V%2BFcgja3UrmRDqpiDYvWqPXlgs%3D) * [zoxide](https://github.com/ajeetdsouza/zoxide) A smarter cd command. Supports all major shells. 快速切换目录 ```shell z foo # cd into highest ranked directory matching foo z foo bar # cd into highest ranked directory matching foo and bar z foo / # cd into a subdirectory starting with foo z ~/foo # z also works like a regular cd command z foo/ # cd into relative path z .. # cd one level up z - # cd into previous directory zi foo # cd with interactive selection (using fzf) z foo # show interactive completions (zoxide v0.8.0+, bash 4.4+/fish/zsh only) ``` 下面三个都是搜索类的工具，ripgrep 是 grep 的替代品(项目名意为 R.I.P grep)，VSCode 的快速搜索便是用的 ripgrep，fzf 可以与其它的工具相结合，用于模糊搜找文件，历史记录等等.. * [ripgrep](https://github.com/BurntSushi/ripgrep) ripgrep recursively searches directories for a regex pattern while respecting your gitignore * [fd](https://github.com/sharkdp/fd) A simple, fast and user-friendly alternative to find. * [fzf](https://github.com/junegunn/fzf) 🌸 A command-line fuzzy finder; MISC * [fastfetch](https://github.com/fastfetch-cli/fastfetch) * [curlie](https://github.com/rs/curlie) The power of curl, the ease of use of httpie. * [gping](https://github.com/orf/gping) Ping, but with a graph