上次我们讲的用POI操作excel。[Java操作Excel(Apache Poi详解)](https://masiyi.blog.csdn.net/article/details/120261684) 那么java怎么操作ppt呢，其实poi也提供了操作ppt的sdk，现在我们来直接用Apache的poi操作ppt 首先我们要知道的是PPT有两种，一种格式是PPT，一种格式是PPTX，PPTX就是2007年之后的新的PPT协议。也就是说PPT和PPTX是PowerPoint的两种文件格式，PPT为旧版本格式，PPTX为新版本格式。 PPTX具有更好的兼容性、更小的文件大小、更高的安全性和更丰富的功能，而PPT格式功能相对简单。所以在POI里面也有两种不同的sdk去操作对应的两种格式。在[官网](https://poi.apache.org/components/slideshow/index.html)的介绍中可以得知，使用hslf操作ppt格式，使用xslf操作pptx格式 ![在这里插入图片描述](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/af75a9b9a40745798eb96c7ffe95596b~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-jj-mark:0:0:0:0:q75.image#?w=1910\&h=980\&s=237039\&e=png\&b=fefdfd) 那么我们现在就介绍一下poi操作ppt的一些sdk 第一步，导入依赖 ```bash org.apache.poi poi 5.2.5 org.apache.poi poi-ooxml 5.2.5 org.apache.poi poi-scratchpad 5.2.5 ``` 第二步就可以开始使用sdk了，我们先来看pptx格式的sdk ## 添加图片 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.sl.usermodel.PictureData; import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFPictureData; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFPictureShape; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class addpic { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); XSLFSlide slide = ppt.createSlide(); byte[] pictureData = IOUtils.toByteArray(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\d5e28fc20a5a41e8997691134bed79f4.png")); XSLFPictureData pd = ppt.addPicture(pictureData, PictureData.PictureType.PNG); XSLFPictureShape pic = slide.createPicture(pd); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow2.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 读取一个PPTX文件，向其中添加一张来自指定路径的PNG图片，然后将含有新图片的幻灯片保存为另一个PPT文件。它使用Apache POI库操作PPTX文件。 ## 添加一张幻灯片 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class append { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); //append a new slide to the end XSLFSlide blankSlide = ppt.createSlide(); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow3.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 将一个已存在的PPTX演示文稿进行扩展。它首先打开一个名为"test2.pptx"的文件，然后在该文稿的末尾添加一个新的空白幻灯片。添加新幻灯片后，程序将整个修改后的演示文稿保存到名为"slideshow3.ppt"的新文件中。 ## 添加有内容的幻灯片 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.SlideLayout; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlideLayout; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlideMaster; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextShape; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class appendnew { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); // first see what slide layouts are available : System.out.println("Available slide layouts:"); for(XSLFSlideMaster master : ppt.getSlideMasters()){ for(XSLFSlideLayout layout : master.getSlideLayouts()){ System.out.println(layout.getType()); } } // blank slide XSLFSlide blankSlide = ppt.createSlide(); // there can be multiple masters each referencing a number of layouts // for demonstration purposes we use the first (default) slide master XSLFSlideMaster defaultMaster = ppt.getSlideMasters().get(0); // title slide XSLFSlideLayout titleLayout = defaultMaster.getLayout(SlideLayout.TITLE); // fill the placeholders XSLFSlide slide1 = ppt.createSlide(titleLayout); XSLFTextShape title1 = slide1.getPlaceholder(0); title1.setText("First Title"); // title and content XSLFSlideLayout titleBodyLayout = defaultMaster.getLayout(SlideLayout.TITLE_AND_CONTENT); XSLFSlide slide2 = ppt.createSlide(titleBodyLayout); XSLFTextShape title2 = slide2.getPlaceholder(0); title2.setText("Second Title"); XSLFTextShape body2 = slide2.getPlaceholder(1); body2.clearText(); // unset any existing text body2.addNewTextParagraph().addNewTextRun().setText("First paragraph"); body2.addNewTextParagraph().addNewTextRun().setText("Second paragraph"); body2.addNewTextParagraph().addNewTextRun().setText("Third paragraph"); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow2.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 这里打开了一个现有的PowerPoint文件（"C:\Users\PC\Documents\test2.pptx"），查看可用的幻灯片布局，并创建了三个新幻灯片，每个幻灯片使用不同的布局。第一个幻灯片是一个空白幻灯片，第二个幻灯片是一个只有标题的幻灯片，第三个幻灯片是一个包含标题和内容的幻灯片。最后，该程序将修改后的PowerPoint文件保存为"slideshow2.ppt"。 ## 删除幻灯片 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class delete { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); ppt.removeSlide(2); // 0-based index of a slide to be removed FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow3.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 注意这里的索引是从0开始的哦，如果大家有把一个大ppt按每一页切割成一个小的ppt可以使用下面的方案去切割： ```java package com.example.aivideo.split; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; /** * 最终版 */ public class SplitPPT { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\A.pptx"); XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(stream); int numSlides = ppt.getSlides().size(); System.out.println(numSlides); for (int i = 0; i < numSlides; i++) { // 删除新PPT中除了当前幻灯片之外的其他幻灯片 for (int j = numSlides - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if (j != i) { ppt.removeSlide(j); } } // 输出为单个ppt FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("te9_" + (i + 1) + ".pptx"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); // 恢复原始幻灯片列表，以便下一次循环 stream = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\A.pptx"); ppt = new XMLSlideShow(stream); } ppt.close(); } } ``` 或者你也可以使用这种复制的方案： ```java package com.example.aivideo.split; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.SlideLayout; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlideLayout; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlideMaster; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.List; /** * 最终版 */ public class SplitPPTcopy { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { try (FileInputStream stream = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\A.pptx"); XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(stream);) { int numSlides = ppt.getSlides().size(); List slideMasters = ppt.getSlideMasters(); List xslfSlideLayouts = new ArrayList<>(); slideMasters.forEach(master -> { xslfSlideLayouts.addAll(Arrays.asList(master.getSlideLayouts())); }); System.out.println(numSlides); for (int i = 0; i < numSlides; i++) { try (XMLSlideShow newPPT = new XMLSlideShow(); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("test_" + (i + 1) + ".pptx");) { newPPT.setPageSize(ppt.getPageSize()); // 复制当前页到新的PPT对象中 XSLFSlide slide = ppt.getSlides().get(i); XSLFSlide newPPTSlide = newPPT.createSlide(); newPPTSlide.importContent(slide); xslfSlideLayouts.forEach(slideLayout -> { slideLayout.copyLayout(newPPTSlide); }); // 输出为单个ppt newPPT.write(out); } } } } } ``` 但是这种会出现格式丢失的情况，如果对ppt里面的内容要求不高，允许丢失数据，可以使用这种方案，这种方案会比上面的方案更节省资源和加快速度。 ## 添加超链接 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFHyperlink; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextBox; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextRun; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class hyperlink { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(); XSLFSlide slide = ppt.createSlide(); // assign a hyperlink to a text run XSLFTextBox shape = slide.createTextBox(); XSLFTextRun r = shape.addNewTextParagraph().addNewTextRun(); r.setText("Apache POI"); XSLFHyperlink link = r.createHyperlink(); link.setAddress("https://poi.apache.org"); //save changes FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow3.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 创建一个PowerPoint文件，并在其中的幻灯片上添加一个指向Apache POI官网的超链接文本"Apache POI"，然后保存为"slideshow3.ppt"文件。 ## 合并ppt ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class Merge { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(); String[] inputs = {"C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx", "C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test.pptx"}; for(String arg : inputs){ FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(arg); XMLSlideShow src = new XMLSlideShow(is); is.close(); for(XSLFSlide srcSlide : src.getSlides()){ ppt.createSlide().importContent(srcSlide); } } FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("merged.pptx"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 合并多个PowerPoint文件。它打开每个输入文件，遍历其中的每张幻灯片，并将它们导入到一个新的PowerPoint演示文稿中。最后，它将合并后的演示文稿保存为一个新文件。这种就是我们上面说到的复制方案，但是会丢一些动画和格式。 ## 读取ppt内容 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.sl.usermodel.PlaceableShape; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFConnectorShape; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFPictureShape; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFShape; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextShape; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class read { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); // get slides for ( XSLFSlide slide : ppt.getSlides()) { for (XSLFShape sh : slide.getShapes()) { // name of the shape String name = sh.getShapeName(); // shapes's anchor which defines the position of this shape in the slide if (sh instanceof PlaceableShape) { java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D anchor = ((PlaceableShape) sh).getAnchor(); } if (sh instanceof XSLFConnectorShape) { XSLFConnectorShape line = (XSLFConnectorShape) sh; // work with Line } else if (sh instanceof XSLFTextShape) { XSLFTextShape shape = (XSLFTextShape) sh; String text = shape.getText(); System.out.println(text); // work with a shape that can hold text } else if (sh instanceof XSLFPictureShape) { XSLFPictureShape shape = (XSLFPictureShape) sh; // work with Picture } } } } } ``` 遍历每张幻灯片中的所有形状。它识别形状类型（如文本框、图片、线条等），然后对他们进行操作。 ## 读取ppt里面的图片 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.sl.usermodel.PictureData; import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFPictureData; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFPictureShape; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class readpic { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); for(XSLFPictureData data : ppt.getPictureData()){ byte[] bytes = data.getData(); String fileName = data.getFileName(); System.out.println(fileName); } } } ``` 对了，就是标题的意思，poi提供了读取ppt里面所有图片的sdk。 ## 改变幻灯片的位置 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; public class Reorder { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); List slides = ppt.getSlides(); XSLFSlide thirdSlide = slides.get(2); ppt.setSlideOrder(thirdSlide, 0); // move the third slide to the beginning FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow2.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 重新排列幻灯片的顺序，然后将修改后的演示文稿保存到新的文件中。 ## 改变ppt的长宽 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; public class Rewir { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\PC\\Documents\\test2.pptx")); //retrieve page size. Coordinates are expressed in points (72 dpi) java.awt.Dimension pgsize = ppt.getPageSize(); int pgx = pgsize.width; //slide width in points int pgy = pgsize.height; //slide height in points System.out.println("page size: " + pgx + "x" + pgy); //set new page size ppt.setPageSize(new java.awt.Dimension(1024, 768)); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow2.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` ![在这里插入图片描述](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/157bd41f4e8c4cde919b7df0214374bc~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-jj-mark:0:0:0:0:q75.image#?w=1750\&h=1022\&s=154112\&e=png\&b=efefef) 读取一个PowerPoint文件（test2.pptx），获取其页面大小，然后设置新的页面大小为1024x768像素，并将修改后的PowerPoint文件保存为slideshow2.ppt。 ![在这里插入图片描述](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/0c611f7f46724463890bafb27487caeb~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-jj-mark:0:0:0:0:q75.image#?w=1770\&h=1042\&s=166150\&e=png\&b=f0f0f0) ## 往幻灯片里面添加文本框 ```java package com.example.aivideo.test3; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XMLSlideShow; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFSlide; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextBox; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextParagraph; import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.XSLFTextRun; import java.awt.*; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class text { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(); XSLFSlide slide = ppt.createSlide(); XSLFTextBox shape = slide.createTextBox(); XSLFTextParagraph p = shape.addNewTextParagraph(); XSLFTextRun r1 = p.addNewTextRun(); r1.setText("The"); r1.setFontColor(Color.blue); r1.setFontSize(24.); XSLFTextRun r2 = p.addNewTextRun(); r2.setText(" quick"); r2.setFontColor(Color.red); r2.setBold(true); XSLFTextRun r3 = p.addNewTextRun(); r3.setText(" brown"); r3.setFontSize(12.); r3.setItalic(true); r3.setStrikethrough(true); XSLFTextRun r4 = p.addNewTextRun(); r4.setText(" fox"); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("slideshow2.ppt"); ppt.write(out); out.close(); } } ``` 生成一个PPT文件，包含一个幻灯片和一个文本框。文本框内有不同格式的文字（如蓝色、红色、加粗、斜体、删除线）。随后，关于PPT格式的部分我就不再赘述了，各位可以直接去官网查看更具体的信息。当然，这个文件有两种阅读方式，如果用旧的hslf去读取pptx格式的文件会出现错误，但如果我们将其输出，无论是用hslf还是xslf，都能输出为PPTx或PPT格式，这样就不会出现错误了。