最近打算做个关于天气主题的小程序，互联网上有免费的API可以查询天气预报，有降雨量和降雨概率，风向等指标可查，我选择了彩云天气和和风天气两个接口，和风用来做每天早上的关怀提醒，彩云用来每5分钟检测一次雨量，雨量如果在中雨以上就发送消息到企业微信群，相关同事可以做好工作预案。 # 每天早上7点的关怀提醒定义查询方法 greeting.py ```python import datetime from requests import get import wxHook from Constant import QWEATHER_URL, FORMAL_ROBOT print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " 晨间播报程序开始") # 星期函数 def get_week_day(date): week_day_dict = { 0: '星期一', 1: '星期二', 2: '星期三', 3: '星期四', 4: '星期五', 5: '星期六', 6: '星期天', } day = date.weekday() return week_day_dict[day] # 晨间播报 def greeting_msg(): weekDay = get_week_day(datetime.datetime.now()) response = get(QWEATHER_URL) raw_json = response.json() temperature = raw_json["hourly"][0]["temp"] weather = raw_json["hourly"][0]["text"] arrayTemp = [raw_json["hourly"][0]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][1]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][2]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][3]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][4]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][5]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][6]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][7]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][8]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][9]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][10]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][11]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][12]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][13]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][14]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][15]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][16]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][17]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][18]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][19]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][20]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][21]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][22]["temp"], raw_json["hourly"][23]["temp"]] maxTemp = max(arrayTemp) minTemp = min(arrayTemp) windDir = raw_json["hourly"][0]["windDir"] windScale = raw_json["hourly"][0]["windScale"] windSpeed = raw_json["hourly"][0]["windSpeed"] pressure = raw_json["hourly"][0]["pressure"] humidity = raw_json["hourly"][0]["humidity"] arrayPop = [raw_json["hourly"][0]["pop"], raw_json["hourly"][1]["pop"]] greeting_info = "\n早上好，亲爱的小伙伴\n当前时间：" + datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y年%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " " + weekDay + \ "\n实时天气：" + weather + "\n温度：" + temperature + "°C" + "\n最高温度：" + maxTemp + "°C" + "\n最低温度：" \ + minTemp + "°C" + "\n降雨概率：" + max(arrayPop) + "%" + "\n风向：" + windDir + "\n风力等级：" + windScale + "级" +\ "\n风速：" + windSpeed + "公里/小时" + "\n气压：" + pressure + "百帕" + "\n湿度：" + humidity + "%" + \ "\n请注意通勤安全，祝您工作顺利，一整天都心情愉快" kind = "晨间播报" wxHook.warning_send(FORMAL_ROBOT, kind, greeting_info) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " " + kind + ' 企业微信群成功发送') ``` 这里将发送企业微信消息封装成方法，传入webhook地址、内容即可触发发送 wxHook.py ```python def warning_send(RbUrl, kind, info): headers = {"Content-Type": "text/plain"} send_data = { "msgtype": "markdown", "markdown": { "content": "**" + kind + "**：" + info # 文本内容，最长不超过2048个字节，必须是utf8编码 } } requests.post(url=RbUrl, headers=headers, json=send_data) ``` 定时执行 scheduleModel.py ```python from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler from greeting import greeting_msg scheduler = BlockingScheduler(timezone='Asia/Chongqing') scheduler.add_job(greeting_msg, 'cron', day_of_week='mon-sun', hour='7', minute='00', max_instances=500, jitter=5) scheduler.start() ``` # 雨量预警功能定义雨量预警检测方法，这里接口可以获取类似台风之类的预警，也能获取到未来12小时雨量和降雨概率。为了不重复发送预警，用了一个数组变量装载预警id，当数组长度达到20以后再清空重新装载。用时间戳变量来实现发送一次过后，一段时间内不再发送，这样比较合理。为了不打扰日常的工作，还定义了一个变量，每次发送加1，用于限定一天内最多发送次数，晚上11点后这个变量置为0。写一个testOneTime.py ```python import datetime import time from requests import get import wxHook from Constant import TEST_GAP, CAIYUN_URL, MAX_PER_DAY, FORMAL_ROBOT, divide_img, divide_gmc_img alert_id_list = [] sendTime = 0 timesInDay = 0 print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " 预警id和时间戳初始化完毕，检测程序开始") def test_one(): response = get(CAIYUN_URL) raw_json = response.json() alert = raw_json["result"]["alert"]["content"] precipitation = raw_json["result"]["minutely"]["precipitation"] probability = raw_json["result"]["minutely"]["probability"] # 判断预警 if alert: alert_json = alert[0] global alert_id_list if alert_json['alertId'] not in alert_id_list: # alert_id != alert_json['alertId']: title = alert_json['title'] description = alert_json['description'] source = alert_json['source'] alert_info = "\n" + title + "\n内容：" + description + "\n来源：" + source kind = "预警信息" wxHook.alert_send(FORMAL_ROBOT, kind, alert_info) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " " + kind + ' 企业微信群成功发送') # 判断并赋值 if len(alert_id_list) < 20: alert_id_list.append(alert_json['alertId']) # alert_id = alert_json['alertId'] else: alert_id_list = [alert_json['alertId']] # 长度置为1 print("当前预警id：" + str(alert_id_list)) else: # print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " 当前id的预警已经发送过了") pass else: # print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " 当前没有预警") pass # 判断雨量 now_time = time.time() global sendTime global timesInDay if now_time - sendTime >= TEST_GAP: # 大于1小时即可，数字在3600 if int(max(precipitation)) >= 51.30: # 51.30 red_info = "\n当前时间：" + datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%H时%M分') \ + "\n2小时内降雨概率：" + '{:.2f}'.format(max(probability) * 100) + "%" \ + "\n预计降水强度：" + '{:.2f}'.format(max(precipitation)) + "毫米/小时" kind = "暴雨预警" if timesInDay <= MAX_PER_DAY: wxHook.red_send(FORMAL_ROBOT, kind, red_info) wxHook.wx_image(FORMAL_ROBOT, divide_img) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " " + kind + ' 企业微信群成功发送') sendTime = time.time() timesInDay += 1 print("当前时间戳：" + str(sendTime)) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + ":timesInDay = " + str(timesInDay)) else: # print("今日发送次数已达5次") pass elif int(max(precipitation)) > 11.33: # 11.33 yellow_info = "\n当前时间：" + datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%H时%M分') \ + "\n2小时内降雨概率：" + '{:.2f}'.format(max(probability) * 100) + "%" \ + "\n预计降水强度：" + '{:.2f}'.format(max(precipitation)) + "毫米/小时" kind = "大雨预警" if timesInDay <= MAX_PER_DAY: wxHook.yellow_send(FORMAL_ROBOT, kind, yellow_info) wxHook.wx_image(FORMAL_ROBOT, divide_img) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " " + kind + ' 企业微信群成功发送') sendTime = time.time() timesInDay += 1 print("当前时间戳：" + str(sendTime)) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + ":timesInDay = " + str(timesInDay)) else: # print("今日发送次数已达5次") pass elif int(max(precipitation)) > 10: # 10 green_info = "\n当前时间：" + datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%H时%M分') \ + "\n2小时内降雨概率：" + '{:.2f}'.format(max(probability) * 100) + "%" \ + "\n预计降水强度：" + '{:.2f}'.format(max(precipitation)) + "毫米/小时" kind = "中雨预警" if timesInDay <= MAX_PER_DAY: wxHook.green_send(FORMAL_ROBOT, kind, green_info) wxHook.wx_image(FORMAL_ROBOT, divide_img) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " " + kind + ' 企业微信群成功发送') sendTime = time.time() timesInDay += 1 print("当前时间戳：" + str(sendTime)) print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + ":timesInDay = " + str(timesInDay)) else: # print("今日发送次数已达5次") pass else: # print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " 雨量太小，无需预警") pass else: # print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + " 据上次预警还没到1小时") pass # 重置发送每日次数 def reset_timesInDay(): global timesInDay timesInDay = 0 print(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%m月%d日%H时%M分') + ":timesInDay重置成功") ``` 定时执行在scheduleModel.py中添加任务 ```python from testOneTime import test_one, reset_timesInDay scheduler = BlockingScheduler(timezone='Asia/Chongqing') scheduler.add_job(test_one, 'cron', day_of_week='mon-sun', hour='*', minute='*/5', max_instances=500, jitter=5) scheduler.add_job(reset_timesInDay, 'cron', day_of_week='mon-sun', hour='23', minute='30', max_instances=500, jitter=5) scheduler.add_job(reset_timesInDay, 'cron', day_of_week='mon-sun', hour='23', minute='50', max_instances=500, jitter=5) scheduler.start() ``` # 温度数据采集功能每小时将温度传入大数据数据库 tempRecord.py ```python import datetime from requests import get import MySQLdb # pip install mysqlclient from Constant import db_host, db_port, db_user, db_passwd, db_name, CAIYUN_SAVE_URL def get_status(date): # 范围时间 on_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(datetime.datetime.now().date()) + '10:00', '%Y-%m-%d%H:%M') off_time_weekend = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(datetime.datetime.now().date()) + '23:00', '%Y-%m-%d%H:%M') off_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(datetime.datetime.now().date()) + '22:30', '%Y-%m-%d%H:%M') # 判断当前时间是否在范围时间内 day = date.weekday() now_time = date if day in [4, 5]: # 如果是周末 if on_time < now_time < off_time_weekend: return 1 else: return 0 else: # 如果不是周末 if on_time < now_time < off_time: return 1 else: return 0 def save_temp(): response = get(CAIYUN_SAVE_URL) raw_json = response.json() status = get_status(datetime.datetime.now()) temperature = raw_json["result"]["realtime"]["temperature"] db = MySQLdb.connect(host=db_host, port=db_port, user=db_user, passwd=db_passwd, db=db_name) cursor = db.cursor() sql_string = "INSERT INTO weather (datetime, temperature, status) VALUES (%s, %s, %s);" cursor.execute(sql_string, (datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'), temperature, status)) # 关闭数据库连接 db.commit() cursor.close() db.close() ``` 用这个思路，其实可以判断交通是否拥堵、工作任务提醒、行程提醒等场景，还可以做一些非工作的个人功能，比如定时喝水、疫情通报、每日鸡汤等。