目录获取

获取沙盒的主目录路径：

+ (NSString *)homeDir {
    return NSHomeDirectory();
}

获取沙盒中Documents的目录路径：

+ (NSString *)documentsDir {
    return [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) firstObject];
}

获取沙盒中Library的目录路径：

+ (NSString *)libraryDir {
    return [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
}

获取沙盒中Libarary/Preferences的目录路径：

+ (NSString *)preferencesDir {
    NSString *libraryDir = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
    return [libraryDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Preferences"];
}

获取沙盒中Library/Caches的目录路径：

+ (NSString *)cachesDir {
    return [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) firstObject];
}

获取沙盒中tmp的目录路径：

+ (NSString *)tmpDir {
    return NSTemporaryDirectory();
}

2、创建文件（夹）

创建文件夹：

+ (BOOL)createDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    /* createDirectoryAtPath:withIntermediateDirectories:attributes:error:
     * 参数1：创建的文件夹的路径
     * 参数2：是否创建媒介的布尔值，一般为YES
     * 参数3: 属性，没有就置为nil
     * 参数4: 错误信息
    */
    BOOL isSuccess = [manager createDirectoryAtPath:path withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:error];
    return isSuccess;
}

创建文件：

/*创建文件
 *参数1：文件创建的路径
 *参数2：写入文件的内容
 *参数3：假如已经存在此文件是否覆盖
 *参数4：错误信息
 */
+ (BOOL)createFileAtPath:(NSString *)path overwrite:(BOOL)overwrite error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    // 如果文件夹路径不存在，那么先创建文件夹
    NSString *directoryPath = [self directoryAtPath:path];
    if (![self isExistsAtPath:directoryPath]) {
        // 创建文件夹
        if (![self createDirectoryAtPath:directoryPath error:error]) {
            return NO;
        }
    }
    // 如果文件存在，并不想覆盖，那么直接返回YES。
    if (!overwrite) {
        if ([self isExistsAtPath:path]) {
            return YES;
        }
    }
   /*创建文件
    *参数1：创建文件的路径
    *参数2：创建文件的内容（NSData类型）
    *参数3：文件相关属性
    */
    BOOL isSuccess = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] createFileAtPath:path contents:nil attributes:nil];

    return isSuccess;
}

获取文件创建的时间或者修改的时间：

//获取文件创建的时间
+ (NSDate *)creationDateOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return (NSDate *)[self attributeOfItemAtPath:path forKey:NSFileCreationDate error:error];
}

//获取文件修改的时间
+ (NSDate *)modificationDateOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return (NSDate *)[self attributeOfItemAtPath:path forKey:NSFileModificationDate error:error];
}

3、写入文件内容

按照文件路径向文件写入内容，内容可为数组、字典、NSData等等：

#pragma mark 写入文件内容
/*参数1：文件路径
 *参数2：文件内容
 *参数3：错误信息
 */
+ (BOOL)writeFileAtPath:(NSString *)path content:(NSObject *)content error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    //判断文件内容是否为空
    if (!content) {
        [NSException raise:@"非法的文件内容" format:@"文件内容不能为nil"];
        return NO;
    }
    //判断文件(夹)是否存在
    if ([self isExistsAtPath:path]) {
        if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSMutableArray class]]) {//文件内容为可变数组
            [(NSMutableArray *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {//文件内容为不可变数组
            [(NSArray *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSMutableData class]]) {//文件内容为可变NSMutableData
            [(NSMutableData *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSData class]]) {//文件内容为NSData
            [(NSData *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSMutableDictionary class]]) {//文件内容为可变字典
            [(NSMutableDictionary *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]) {//文件内容为不可变字典
            [(NSDictionary *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSJSONSerialization class]]) {//文件内容为JSON类型
            [(NSDictionary *)content writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSMutableString class]]) {//文件内容为可变字符串
            [[((NSString *)content) dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) {//文件内容为不可变字符串
            [[((NSString *)content) dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content isKindOfClass:[UIImage class]]) {//文件内容为图片
            [UIImagePNGRepresentation((UIImage *)content) writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
        }else if ([content conformsToProtocol:@protocol(NSCoding)]) {//文件归档
            [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:content toFile:path];
        }else {
            [NSException raise:@"非法的文件内容" format:@"文件类型%@异常，无法被处理。", NSStringFromClass([content class])];
            
            return NO;
        }
    }else {
        return NO;
    }
    return YES;
}
#pragma mark - 判断文件(夹)是否存在
+ (BOOL)isExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:path];
}

4、删除文件（夹）

删除文件（夹）

+ (BOOL)removeItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] removeItemAtPath:path error:error];
}

清空Caches或者temp文件夹：

#pragma mark 清空Cashes文件夹
+ (BOOL)clearCachesDirectory {
    NSArray *subFiles = [self listFilesInCachesDirectoryByDeep:NO];
    BOOL isSuccess = YES;
    
    for (NSString *file in subFiles) {
        NSString *absolutePath = [[self cachesDir] stringByAppendingPathComponent:file];
        isSuccess &= [self removeItemAtPath:absolutePath];
    }
    return isSuccess;
}
#pragma mark 清空temp文件夹
+ (BOOL)clearTmpDirectory {
    NSArray *subFiles = [self listFilesInTmpDirectoryByDeep:NO];
    BOOL isSuccess = YES;
    
    for (NSString *file in subFiles) {
        NSString *absolutePath = [[self tmpDir] stringByAppendingPathComponent:file];
        isSuccess &= [self removeItemAtPath:absolutePath];
    }
    return isSuccess;
}

5、复制文件（夹）

依据源文件的路径复制一份到目标路径：

#pragma mark - 复制文件
/*参数1、被复制文件路径
 *参数2、要复制到的目标文件路径
 *参数3、当要复制到的文件路径文件存在，会复制失败，这里传入是否覆盖
 *参数4、错误信息
 */
+ (BOOL)copyItemAtPath:(NSString *)path toPath:(NSString *)toPath overwrite:(BOOL)overwrite error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    // 先要保证源文件路径存在，不然抛出异常
    if (![self isExistsAtPath:path]) {
        [NSException raise:@"非法的源文件路径" format:@"源文件路径%@不存在，请检查源文件路径", path];
        return NO;
    }
    //获得目标文件的上级目录
    NSString *toDirPath = [self directoryAtPath:toPath];
    if (![self isExistsAtPath:toDirPath]) {
        // 创建复制路径
        if (![self createDirectoryAtPath:toDirPath error:error]) {
            return NO;
        }
    }
    // 如果覆盖，那么先删掉原文件
    if (overwrite) {
        if ([self isExistsAtPath:toPath]) {
            [self removeItemAtPath:toPath error:error];
        }
    }
    // 复制文件，如果不覆盖且文件已存在则会复制失败
    BOOL isSuccess = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] copyItemAtPath:path toPath:toPath error:error];
    
    return isSuccess;
}

#pragma mark - 判断文件(夹)是否存在
+ (BOOL)isExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:path];
}

6、移动文件（夹）

依据源文件的路径移动到目标路径：

#pragma mark - 移动文件(夹)
/*参数1、被移动文件路径
 *参数2、要移动到的目标文件路径
 *参数3、当要移动到的文件路径文件存在，会移动失败，这里传入是否覆盖
 *参数4、错误信息
 */
+ (BOOL)moveItemAtPath:(NSString *)path toPath:(NSString *)toPath overwrite:(BOOL)overwrite error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    // 先要保证源文件路径存在，不然抛出异常
    if (![self isExistsAtPath:path]) {
        [NSException raise:@"非法的源文件路径" format:@"源文件路径%@不存在，请检查源文件路径", path];
        return NO;
    }
    //获得目标文件的上级目录
    NSString *toDirPath = [self directoryAtPath:toPath];
    if (![self isExistsAtPath:toDirPath]) {
        // 创建移动路径
        if (![self createDirectoryAtPath:toDirPath error:error]) {
            return NO;
        }
    }
    // 判断目标路径文件是否存在
    if ([self isExistsAtPath:toPath]) {
        //如果覆盖，删除目标路径文件
        if (overwrite) {
            //删掉目标路径文件
            [self removeItemAtPath:toPath error:error];
        }else {
           //删掉被移动文件
            [self removeItemAtPath:path error:error];
            return YES;
        }
    }
    
    // 移动文件，当要移动到的文件路径文件存在，会移动失败
    BOOL isSuccess = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] moveItemAtPath:path toPath:toPath error:error];
    
    return isSuccess;
}

7、根据URL获取文件名

根据文件路径获取文件名称，是否需要后缀：

#pragma mark - 根据URL获取文件名
/*参数1：文件路径
 *参数2、是否需要后缀
 */
+ (NSString *)fileNameAtPath:(NSString *)path suffix:(BOOL)suffix {
    NSString *fileName = [path lastPathComponent];
    if (!suffix) {
        fileName = [fileName stringByDeletingPathExtension];
    }
    return fileName;
}

获取文件所在的文件夹路径：

+ (NSString *)directoryAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [path stringByDeletingLastPathComponent];
}

根据文件路径获取文件扩展类型:

+ (NSString *)suffixAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [path pathExtension];
}

8、判断文件（夹）是否存在

判断文件路径是否存在:

+ (BOOL)isExistsAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:path];
}

判断路径是否为空（判空条件是文件大小为0，或者是文件夹下没有子文件）:

+ (BOOL)isEmptyItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return ([self isFileAtPath:path error:error] &&
            [[self sizeOfItemAtPath:path error:error] intValue] == 0) ||
    ([self isDirectoryAtPath:path error:error] &&
     [[self listFilesInDirectoryAtPath:path deep:NO] count] == 0);
}

判断目录是否是文件夹：

+ (BOOL)isDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return ([self attributeOfItemAtPath:path forKey:NSFileType error:error] == NSFileTypeDirectory);
}

判断目录是否是文件:

+ (BOOL)isFileAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return ([self attributeOfItemAtPath:path forKey:NSFileType error:error] == NSFileTypeRegular);
}

判断目录是否可以执行:

+ (BOOL)isExecutableItemAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] isExecutableFileAtPath:path];
}

判断目录是否可读:

+ (BOOL)isReadableItemAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] isReadableFileAtPath:path];
}

判断目录是否可写:

+ (BOOL)isWritableItemAtPath:(NSString *)path {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] isWritableFileAtPath:path];
}

9、获取文件（夹）大小

获取文件大小（NSNumber）:

+ (NSNumber *)sizeOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return (NSNumber *)[self attributeOfItemAtPath:path forKey:NSFileSize error:error];
}

获取文件夹大小（NSNumber）:

#pragma mark 获取文件夹的大小
+ (NSNumber *)sizeOfDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    if ([self isDirectoryAtPath:path error:error]) {
       //深遍历文件夹
        NSArray *subPaths = [self listFilesInDirectoryAtPath:path deep:YES];
        NSEnumerator *contentsEnumurator = [subPaths objectEnumerator];
        
        NSString *file;
        unsigned long long int folderSize = 0;
        
        while (file = [contentsEnumurator nextObject]) {
            NSDictionary *fileAttributes = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] attributesOfItemAtPath:[path stringByAppendingPathComponent:file] error:nil];
            folderSize += [[fileAttributes objectForKey:NSFileSize] intValue];
        }
        return [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedLongLong:folderSize];
    }
    return nil;
}

获取文件大小（单位为字节）:

+ (NSString *)sizeFormattedOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    //先获取NSNumber类型的大小
    NSNumber *size = [self sizeOfItemAtPath:path error:error];
    if (size) {
       //将文件大小格式化为字节
        return [self sizeFormatted:size];
    }
    return nil;
}

#pragma mark 将文件大小格式化为字节
+(NSString *)sizeFormatted:(NSNumber *)size {
    /*NSByteCountFormatterCountStyle枚举
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleFile 字节为单位，采用十进制的1000bytes = 1KB
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleMemory 字节为单位，采用二进制的1024bytes = 1KB
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleDecimal KB为单位，采用十进制的1000bytes = 1KB
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleBinary KB为单位，采用二进制的1024bytes = 1KB
     */
    return [NSByteCountFormatter stringFromByteCount:[size unsignedLongLongValue] countStyle:NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleFile];
}

获取文件夹大小（单位为字节）:

+ (NSString *)sizeFormattedOfDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    //先获取NSNumber类型的大小
    NSNumber *size = [self sizeOfDirectoryAtPath:path error:error];
    if (size) {
        return [self sizeFormatted:size];
    }
    return nil;
}
#pragma mark 将文件大小格式化为字节
+(NSString *)sizeFormatted:(NSNumber *)size {
    /*NSByteCountFormatterCountStyle枚举
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleFile 字节为单位，采用十进制的1000bytes = 1KB
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleMemory 字节为单位，采用二进制的1024bytes = 1KB
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleDecimal KB为单位，采用十进制的1000bytes = 1KB
     *NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleBinary KB为单位，采用二进制的1024bytes = 1KB
     */
    return [NSByteCountFormatter stringFromByteCount:[size unsignedLongLongValue] countStyle:NSByteCountFormatterCountStyleFile];
}

10、遍历文件夹

遍历文件夹，分为深遍历和浅遍历：

#pragma mark - 遍历文件夹
/**
 文件遍历
 参数1：目录的绝对路径
 参数2：是否深遍历 (1. 浅遍历：返回当前目录下的所有文件和文件夹；
 2. 深遍历：返回当前目录下及子目录下的所有文件和文件夹)
 */
+ (NSArray *)listFilesInDirectoryAtPath:(NSString *)path deep:(BOOL)deep {
    NSArray *listArr;
    NSError *error;
    NSFileManager *manager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
    if (deep) {
        // 深遍历
        NSArray *deepArr = [manager subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath:path error:&error];
        if (!error) {
            listArr = deepArr;
        }else {
            listArr = nil;
        }
    }else {
        // 浅遍历
        NSArray *shallowArr = [manager contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:path error:&error];
        if (!error) {
            listArr = shallowArr;
        }else {
            listArr = nil;
        }
    }
    return listArr;
}

11、获取文件属性

根据key获取文件某个属性：

//key的列表如：
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileType;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeDirectory;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeRegular;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeSymbolicLink;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeSocket;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeCharacterSpecial;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeBlockSpecial;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileTypeUnknown;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileSize;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileModificationDate;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileReferenceCount;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileDeviceIdentifier;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileOwnerAccountName;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileGroupOwnerAccountName;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFilePosixPermissions;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileSystemNumber;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileSystemFileNumber;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileExtensionHidden;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileHFSCreatorCode;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileHFSTypeCode;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileImmutable;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileAppendOnly;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileCreationDate;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileOwnerAccountID;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileGroupOwnerAccountID;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileBusy;
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileProtectionKey NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(4_0);
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileProtectionNone NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(4_0);
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileProtectionComplete NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(4_0);
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileProtectionCompleteUnlessOpen NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);
FOUNDATION_EXPORT NSString * const NSFileProtectionCompleteUntilFirstUserAuthentication NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);

+ (id)attributeOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path forKey:(NSString *)key error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return [[self attributesOfItemAtPath:path error:error] objectForKey:key];
}

获取文件属性集合:

+ (NSDictionary *)attributesOfItemAtPath:(NSString *)path error:(NSError *__autoreleasing *)error {
    return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] attributesOfItemAtPath:path error:error];
}