--- theme: juejin --- ## 安装ruby环境 ### 使用Homebrew安装Ruby #### 安装Homebrew Mac上的软件包管理工具 1、安装《国内 OR 国外选择一种即可》 * 安装国内版本 /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)" * 安装GitHub国外版本 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)" 备注：这里需要输入你的电脑密码进行安装，然后就是漫长的等待。最好挂个代理下载的快。 2、查看是否安装成功 brew -v 成功大致如下： Homebrew 4.0.15-97-ge191b82 3、卸载 * 卸载国内版本 /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/HomebrewUninstall.sh)" * 卸载GitHub国外版本 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/uninstall.sh)" 更多关于Homebrew查看： #### 安装Ruby MacOS自带ruby版本是2.x，这边开始安装最新版本。 ruby 2.6.10p210 (2022-04-12 revision 67958) [universal.x86_64-darwin24] 1、安装指定版本 brew install ruby@3.3.5 2、安装完成后，可能需要调整PATH环境变量，以确保使用的是Homebrew安装的Ruby版本 echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> \~/.bash_profile source ~/.profile 3、查看版本 ruby -v 成功大致如下： ruby 3.3.5 (2024-09-03 revision ef084cc8f4) [x86_64-darwin23] 4、升级Ruby brew upgrade ruby ### 使用RVM管理Ruby版本 #### 安装RVM RVM 是一个命令行工具，可以提供一个便捷的多版本 Ruby 环境的管理和切换 1、打开终端安装rvm，安装代码 curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable ![](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/d4a1236dfd01418ca854674305b29436~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-zoom-1.image#?w=849\&h=401\&s=135164\&e=png\&b=181717) * 如果这边有挂vpn科学上网可能会遇见如下问题： curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443 after 5 ms: Couldn't connect to server * 将您的 DNS 服务器设置为`8.8.8.8`，如下图所示： ![](https://p6-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/1ec713b6526c4d92af3f7b1d198ac4b2~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.image#?w=1340\&h=850\&s=82068\&e=png\&b=fcfcfc) 2、查看rvm是否安装成功 rvm -v 备注：如果出现查找不到的情况，可以关闭终端再次打开成功会看到如下： rvm 1.29.12 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io] #### 安装Ruby 1、列出已有的ruby: rvm list known ![](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/be71f5380d77408fb3f52d13e87cb065~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-zoom-1.image#?w=394\&h=244\&s=25337\&e=png\&b=0d0205) 2、安装特定版本 # 使用rvm安装 rvm install ruby-3.3.5 # 我选择安装的最新版本成功大致如下: ruby-3.3.5 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake). Install of ruby-3.3.5 - #complete Ruby was built without documentation, to build it run: rvm docs generate-ri - 安装中出现如下错误： ``` Error running '__rvm_make -j6', please read /Users/xxx/.rvm/log/1728436779_ruby-3.3.5/make.log There has been an error while running make. Halting the installation. # 解决方案：更新RVM rvm get stable ``` - 最后还是不行的话，就采用如下方式重新安装 ``` # 指定OpenSSL的版本重新执行安装Ruby rvm reinstall ruby-3.3.5 --with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/opt/openssl 成功大致如下： ruby-3.3.5 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake). Install of ruby-3.3.5 - #complete Ruby was built without documentation, to build it run: rvm docs generate-ri ``` 安装成功后，我们让其在本地环境中生效： rvm use 3.3.5 3、查询已经安装的ruby rvm list 成功大致如下： =* ruby-3.3.5 [ x86_64 ] # => - current # =* - current && default # * - default 4、设置 Ruby 版本 RVM 装好以后，需要执行下面的命令将指定版本的 Ruby 设置为系统默认版本 rvm 3.3.5 --default 成功大致如下： Using /Users/xxx/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.3.5 5、查看是否设置正确 ruby -v 大致如下： ruby 3.3.5 (2024-09-03 revision ef084cc8f4) [x86_64-darwin24] ### 切换源 - 切换Source源，替换Ruby源因为Ruby的默认源使用的是cocoapods.org，国内访问这个网址有时候会有问题，通常解决方案是将远替换成国内Ruby镜像 * 删除原有源 gem source -r https://rubygems.org/ * 更新新源 gem source -a https://gems.ruby-china.com * 验证是否替换成功 gem sources -l 输出如下结果表示替换成功: *** CURRENT SOURCES *** https://gems.ruby-china.com/ 更多关于Ruby请查看： ## 安装Cocoapods ### 第一种：使用Homebrew安装，直接终端输入： brew install cocoapods 成功大致如下： Warning: Treating cocoapods as a formula. For the cask, use homebrew/cask/cocoapods ==> **Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/cocoapods/manifests/1.11.2_1** Already downloaded: /Users/aba/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/d6cda7b7f4a10f3f41627eef16cb4deb95fa5a828a64ad48b98bd46db3d6e97c--cocoapods-1.11.2_1.bottle_manifest.json ==> **Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/cocoapods/blobs/sha256:4eb89ca73f311a1e0c52a0b72d22** Already downloaded: /Users/aba/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/738e83a462b9a0cec78a37271267ae01966cc849a57449726dee8f426fa8739f--cocoapods--1.11.2_1.monterey.bottle.tar.gz ==> **Reinstalling** **cocoapods****** ==> **Pouring cocoapods--1.11.2_1.monterey.bottle.tar.gz** 🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.11.2_1: 14,105 files, 29.8MB 查看cocoapods版本 pod --version 1.11.2 # 我的cocoapods版本检查更新 * 更新brew仓库，原理就是从github上拉去一下brew-core的最新代码 brew update * 检查更新 brew outdated cocoapods # cocoapods (1.9.1) < 1.9.3 更新cocoapods brew upgrade cocoapods 卸载cocoapods brew uninstall cocoapods ### 第二种：采用Gem安装，直接终端输入： 1、安装cocoapods sudo gem install cocoapods mac OS 10.11之后 sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods 成功大致如下： Fetching cocoapods-1.11.2.gem Successfully installed cocoapods-1.11.2 Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.11.2 Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.11.2 Done installing documentation for cocoapods after 2 seconds 1 gem installed 如果出现如下情况 ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError) You don't have write permissions for the /usr/bin directory. 解决方案： sudo gem install cocoapods -n /usr/local/bin 如果还不行可以再试试 sudo gem install cocoapods --user-install 2、将Github上的Pod托管的Podspec索引都安装到本地 pod setup * 如果上述命令执行后什么都没做，则自己手动添加索引库 pod repo add master https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git 如果出现该问题，克隆失败，其实就是克隆CocoaPods索引库到本地 Cloning spec repo `master` from `https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git` [!] /usr/local/bin/git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git -- master \ 正克隆到 'master'... fatal: 无法访问 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git/'：LibreSSL SSL_connect: Operation timed out in connection to github.com:443 * 方案一：该问题就说明网络不好，则再次执行上述命令； * 方案二：[Cocoapods](https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git)的GitHub下载zip，然后解压到`~/.cocoapods/repos/master`目录下，没有则创建一个master文件夹。备注：command + G，输入文件目录； 3、查看索引是否配置成功 pod repo list cocoapods - Type: git (remotes/origin/master) - URL: https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git - Path: /Users/aba/.cocoapods/repos/cocoapods master - Type: git (master) - URL: https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git - Path: /Users/aba/.cocoapods/repos/master 如果执行`pod repo list`查询失败，则重新安装`cocoapods` sudo gem uninstall cocoapods && sudo gem install cocoapods -- --enable-libffi-alloc 如果需要制作库上传到Cocoapods，则还需要加入`trunk`索引源 pod repo add trunk https://cdn.cocoapods.org/ ### 卸载CocoaPods #### 移除pod组件 1、查看pod位置 which pod 2、删除 sudo rm -rf 路径地址备注：`-rf`表示递归和强制，切记不要乱使用`rm -rf /`，否则你的系统就全没了，哈哈哈！！！ 3、查看是否卸载成功 pod --version #### 移除RubyGems中的CocoaPods程序包 1、查看gem当中的程序包 gem list 大致会看到如下结果 ![](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/77e1017a9e674516912a2354fd5b9733~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-watermark.image#?w=1244\&h=256\&s=170057\&e=png\&b=0d0d0d) 2、移除程序包 sudo gem uninstall cocoapods 移除指定程序包 sudo gem uninstall cocoapods -v 0、1.9.3 #### Cocoapods使用时候遇见的问题 1、执行`pod install` or `pod update`出现以下错误： [!] CocoaPods was not able to update the `cocoapods` repo. If this is an unexpected issue and persists you can inspect it running `pod repo update --verbose` 解决方案：先执行`rm -rf ~/.cocoapods/repos`，然后在执行上述操作。 2、执行`pod install`出现以下错误： ``` [!] Error installing Mantis [!] /usr/bin/git clone https://github.com/guoyingtao/Mantis.git /var/folders/99/7x38x27970qfg1thbjmbbh9r0000gn/T/d20240119-85029-11ujtwl --template= --single-branch --depth 1 --branch v2.18.0 Cloning into '/var/folders/99/7x38x27970qfg1thbjmbbh9r0000gn/T/d20240119-85029-11ujtwl'... fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/guoyingtao/Mantis.git/': Failed to connect to github.com port 443 after 75003 ms: Couldn't connect to server ``` 如果设置过代理，可能本机系统代理端口和git端口不一致导致 1.查看当前用户配置 ``` git config --global --list ``` 2.配置全局代理 ``` git config --global http.proxy http://127.0.0.1:8118 git config --global https.proxy http://127.0.0.1:8118 ``` ![WX20240123-170316.png](https://p3-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/b91b5c3098cc484aaff13e5751790ac0~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-jj-mark:0:0:0:0:q75.image#?w=537&h=98&s=18083&e=png&b=363534) > 这里需要注意的是端口（8118）需要和代理软件端口一致，然后网络连接里面的端口也需要保持一致； ![WX20240207-154550.png](https://p6-juejin.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-k3u1fbpfcp/9de6bb8d22424858a84682d392f2bfd0~tplv-k3u1fbpfcp-jj-mark:0:0:0:0:q75.image#?w=670&h=425&s=64098&e=png&b=2e2e2d) 3、全局代理导致提交代码失败 ``` fatal: unable to access 'https://git.mpbk-ios.git/': Proxy CONNECT aborted ``` - 查看是否设置过全局代理 ``` git config --global http.proxy git config --global https.proxy ``` 解决方案：取消全局代理 ``` git config --global --unset http.proxy git config --global --unset https.proxy ``` ## 安装Xcode插件 ### 插件包Alcatraz 1、安装插件包 mkdir -p ~/Library/Application\Support/Developer/Shared/Xcode/Plug-ins;curl -L http://git.io/lOQWeA | tar xvz -C ~/Library/Application\Support/Developer/Shared/Xcode/Plug-ins 2、卸载 rm -rf ~/Library/Application\Support/Developer/Shared/Xcode/Plug-ins/Alcatraz.xcpluginrm -rf ~/Library/Application\Support/Alcatraz ## GitHub配置SSH keys ### 生成SSH keys 1、打开终端执行如下命令： ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "your_email@example.com" 2、配置密码流程，不过我一般都不会设置密码；\ 如果设置了密码每次提交代码都要让你输入密码，因此直接回车完事 Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/mac/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /Users/mac/.ssh/id_rsa Your public key has been saved in /Users/mac/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 3、获取SSH key pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 此时已将密钥复制在剪切板，直接去GitHub里面`Settings`->`SSH and GPG keys` -> `New SSH key` -> `Key` 粘贴进去保存即可。 4、运行命令 ssh -T git@github.com 5、查看本地SSH密钥 ls -al ~/.ssh 6、删除本地SSH密钥 rm ~/.ssh/被删除密钥名例如：rm \~/.ssh/id\_ecdsa.pub