背景

关于 Redis 在生产中我们一般情况下都会选择 redis cluster 高可用架构部署，既能保证数据分片并且实现节点的故障自动转移。基本部署拓扑如下：

创建测试集群

这里通过我封装的 pig4cloud/redis-cluster:4.0 镜像，即可构建一个 6 个节点的 redis cluster 测试环境。

docker run --name redis-cluster -d -e CLUSTER_ANNOUNCE_IP=宿主机IP \
-p 7000-7005:7000-7005 -p 17000-17005:17000-17005  pig4cloud/redis-cluster:4.0

查看集群节点信息

⋊> ./redis-cli -h 172.17.0.111 -p 7000 -c                     16:09:48
172.17.0.111:7000> cluster nodes
3d882206d40935beef84ff564b538d57369e4fd9 172.17.0.111:7003@17003 slave b8d24150df4a221c1045cd9a0696bd1972912d52 0 1591344590000 4 connected
b8d24150df4a221c1045cd9a0696bd1972912d52 172.17.0.111:7001@17001 master - 0 1591344590513 2 connected 5461-10922
c21167a6da7f8af31d2dd612d449cdf92ad2e7e9 172.17.0.111:7005@17005 slave 810baa140db6e008a137708f09d4335f5207ede3 0 1591344591000 6 connected
810baa140db6e008a137708f09d4335f5207ede3 172.17.0.111:7000@17000 myself,master - 0 1591344590000 1 connected 0-5460
05d2f9884d350a50ac9e38f575b57f19e864e74c 172.17.0.111:7004@17004 slave b3cf24a918d96a1949f49a1d7b3a965ff9dc858c 0 1591344590011 5 connected
b3cf24a918d96a1949f49a1d7b3a965ff9dc858c 172.17.0.111:7002@17002 master - 0 1591344591617 3 connected 10923-16383

应用层接入集群

这里使用 spring boot 2.2 演示，默认的连接池使用 lettuce

spring:
  redis:
    cluster:
      nodes:
        - 172.17.0.111:7000
        - 172.17.0.111:7001
        - 172.17.0.111:7002
        - 172.17.0.111:7003
        - 172.17.0.111:7004
        - 172.17.0.111:7005

简单使用 redisTemplate 操作集群

@RestController
public class DemoController {
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/add")
    public String redis() {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("k1", "v1");
        return "ok";
    }
}

调用查看日志

⋊> curl http://localhost:8080/add
ok⏎

我们会发现操作 k1 是在 7000 节点进行操作写入

[channel=0x5ff7aa8f, /172.17.0.156:50783 -> /172.17.0.111:7000, epid=0x8] write() writeAndFlush command ClusterCommand [command=AsyncCommand [type=SET, output=StatusOutput [output=null, error='null'], commandType=io.lettuce.core.protocol.Command], redirections=0, maxRedirections=5]
[channel=0x5ff7aa8f, /172.17.0.156:50783 -> /172.17.0.111:7000, epid=0x8] write() done

模拟单点故障

关闭 7000 节点

./redis-cli -h 172.17.0.111 -p 7000 -c
172.17.0.111:7000> SHUTDOWN

查看 redis cluster 集群日志 docker logs -f redis-cluster

我们可以看到此时集群选举完毕，完成故障转移

23:S 05 Jun 08:24:49.387 # Starting a failover election for epoch 7.
29:M 05 Jun 08:24:49.388 # Failover auth granted to c21167a6da7f8af31d2dd612d449cdf92ad2e7e9 for epoch 7
26:M 05 Jun 08:24:49.388 # Failover auth granted to c21167a6da7f8af31d2dd612d449cdf92ad2e7e9 for epoch 7
23:S 05 Jun 08:24:49.389 # Failover election won: I'm the new master.
23:S 05 Jun 08:24:49.389 # configEpoch set to 7 after successful failover
23:M 05 Jun 08:24:49.389 # Setting secondary replication ID to 5253748ecf5bd7ab3536058fba8cad62d2d5e825, valid up to offset: 1622. New replication ID is 21d6a0b199a1ba655c0279d9c78f9682477ac9a3
23:M 05 Jun 08:24:49.389 * Discarding previously cached master state.
23:M 05 Jun 08:24:49.390 # Cluster state changed: ok

此时集群状态。7005 从 slave 变更为 master

应用层日志

大量输出连接 7000 节点异常

io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException: Connection refused: /172.17.0.111:7000
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused

io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException: Connection refused: /172.17.0.111:7000
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused


io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException: Connection refused: /172.17.0.111:7000
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused

再次操作 redisTemplate 会发现卡死，等待结果返回

⋊> curl http://localhost:8080/add

原因分析

此时还是操作 k1, 根据 slot 对应连接到 7000 节点，已经连接不到无限尝试重连的问题。 lettuce 客户端并未和 redis cluster 集群状态同步刷新，把宕机节点移除，完成故障转移。

集群拓扑动态感应

拓扑动态感应即客户端能够根据 redis cluster 集群的变化，动态改变客户端的节点情况，完成故障转移。

我们只需要在 spring boot 2.3.0 版本中开启此特性即可。

spring:
  redis:
    lettuce:
      cluster:
        refresh:
          adaptive: true

其实 lettuce 官方一直有这个功能，但 spring data redis 并未跟进，具体内容可以参考 user-content-refreshing-the-cluster-topology-view 章节

旧版本兼容

我们只需要参考 adaptive 开关打开后做了哪些事情，给自己的项目配置上 topology-view 即可

	@Bean
	public LettuceConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory(RedisProperties redisProperties) {
		RedisClusterConfiguration redisClusterConfiguration = new RedisClusterConfiguration(redisProperties.getCluster().getNodes());

		// https://github.com/lettuce-io/lettuce-core/wiki/Redis-Cluster#user-content-refreshing-the-cluster-topology-view
		ClusterTopologyRefreshOptions clusterTopologyRefreshOptions = ClusterTopologyRefreshOptions.builder()
				.enablePeriodicRefresh()
				.enableAllAdaptiveRefreshTriggers()
				.refreshPeriod(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
				.build();

		ClusterClientOptions clusterClientOptions = ClusterClientOptions.builder()
				.topologyRefreshOptions(clusterTopologyRefreshOptions).build();

		// https://github.com/lettuce-io/lettuce-core/wiki/ReadFrom-Settings
		LettuceClientConfiguration lettuceClientConfiguration = LettuceClientConfiguration.builder()
				.readFrom(ReadFrom.REPLICA_PREFERRED)
				.clientOptions(clusterClientOptions).build();

		return new LettuceConnectionFactory(redisClusterConfiguration, lettuceClientConfiguration);
	}