1.简介

RocketMQ is a distributed messaging and streaming platform with low latency, high performance and reliability, trillion-level capacity and flexible scalability. It is the third generation distributed messaging middleware open sourced by Alibaba in 2012. On November 21, 2016, Alibaba donated RocketMQ to the Apache Software Foundation. Next year, on February 20, the Apache Software Foundation announced Apache RocketMQ as a Top-Level Project.

-- quote from Wikipedia

RocketMQ是一个轻量级、高可用、低延时的消息中间件，能实现消息的存储，消息的失败重试，批量消息处理，延时消息处理等特性，在各种消息中间件中表现优异。

2.RocketMQ的组成部分

RocketMQ一共包含四个部分：Name Server，Brokers，Producers，Consumers 。这几个部分都能单独的水平扩展。

NameServer Cluster

轻量级的组件，主要用于服务的发现，能够读写路由信息以及全局的信息，支持高速的存储；
Broker Cluster

轻量级的Topic与Queue的机制去管理数据的存储，方便实现容错需要2到3个数据分片的提供。客户端可以向Broker推送或者拉取数据，同时也支持灾难恢复和数据统计；
Producer Cluster

Producer能够进行分布式部署，推送消息到Brokers能进行均衡的分配，还具有高可用，低延时的特性；
Consumer Cluster

Consumer 也可以进行分布式的部署，推送和拉取消息，还能实时的订阅消息，从集群中消费消息，还能实现消息的广播。

3.RocketMQ的部署

服务器配置:

// 我们这里安装两台服务器,都是master,也就是两台master:
192.168.2.128 nameServer1,brokerServer1
192.168.2.135 nameServer2,brokerServer2

添加Host文件:

vim /etc/hosts
// 添加如下配置
192.168.2.128 rocketmq-nameserver1
192.168.2.128 rocketmq-master1
192.168.2.135 rocketmq-nameserver2
192.168.2.135 rocketmq-master2
// 重启服务
service network restart

这里我们部署的是RocketMQ的3.2.6的版本，最新的版本可以参阅官网的地址。下载地址如下：

https://archive.apache.org/dist/rocketmq/3.2.6/rocketmq-all-3.2.6-source-release.zip

解压相关的包:

cd /usr/local
wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/rocketmq/3.2.6/rocketmq-all-3.2.6-source-release.zip
unzip rocketmq-all-3.2.6-source-release.zip
mv rocketmq-all-3.2.6-source-release  rocketmq-all-3.2.6
cd rocketmq-all-3.2.6/
// maven打包需要先配置maven环境 这里也可以在window的编译器中打包相关
mvn -Prelease-all -DskipTests clean install -U
cd distribution/target/apache-rocketmq
// 找到tar.gz
tar -zxvf alibaba-rocketmq-3.2.6.tar.gz -C /usr/local
mv alibaba-rocketmq alibaba-rocketmq-3.2.6
ln -s alibaba-rocketmq-3.2.6 rocketmq

创建存储路径:

mkdir /usr/local/rocketmq/store
mkdir /usr/local/rocketmq/store/commitlog
mkdir /usr/local/rocketmq/store/consumequeue
mkdir /usr/local/rocketmq/store/index

RocketMq配置文件【两台机器】

vim /usr/local/rocketmq/conf/2m-noslave/broker-a.properties
vim /usr/local/rocketmq/conf/2m-noslave/broker-b.properties

相关配置文件模板如下:

broker-a.properties:

#所属集群名字
brokerClusterName=rocketmq-cluster
#broker名字，注意此处不同的配置文件填写的不一样
brokerName=broker-a|broker-b
#0 表示 Master，>0 表示 Slave
brokerId=0
#nameServer地址，分号分割
namesrvAddr=rocketmq-nameserver1:9876;rocketmq-nameserver2:9876
#在发送消息时，自动创建服务器不存在的topic，默认创建的队列数
defaultTopicQueueNums=4
#是否允许 Broker 自动创建Topic，建议线下开启，线上关闭
autoCreateTopicEnable=true
#是否允许 Broker 自动创建订阅组，建议线下开启，线上关闭
autoCreateSubscriptionGroup=true
#Broker 对外服务的监听端口
listenPort=10911
#删除文件时间点，默认凌晨 4点
deleteWhen=04
#文件保留时间，默认 48 小时
fileReservedTime=120
#commitLog每个文件的大小默认1G
mapedFileSizeCommitLog=1073741824
#ConsumeQueue每个文件默认存30W条，根据业务情况调整
mapedFileSizeConsumeQueue=300000
#destroyMapedFileIntervalForcibly=120000
#redeleteHangedFileInterval=120000
#检测物理文件磁盘空间
diskMaxUsedSpaceRatio=88
#存储路径
storePathRootDir=/data/rocketmq/store
#commitLog 存储路径
storePathCommitLog=/data/rocketmq/store/commitlog
#消费队列存储路径存储路径
storePathConsumeQueue=/data/rocketmq/store/consumequeue
#消息索引存储路径
storePathIndex=/data/rocketmq/store/index
#checkpoint 文件存储路径
storeCheckpoint=/data/rocketmq/store/checkpoint
#abort 文件存储路径
abortFile=/data/rocketmq/store/abort
#限制的消息大小
maxMessageSize=65536
#flushCommitLogLeastPages=4
#flushConsumeQueueLeastPages=2
#flushCommitLogThoroughInterval=10000
#flushConsumeQueueThoroughInterval=60000
#Broker 的角色
#- ASYNC_MASTER 异步复制Master
#- SYNC_MASTER 同步双写Master
#- SLAVE
brokerRole=ASYNC_MASTER
#刷盘方式
#- ASYNC_FLUSH 异步刷盘
#- SYNC_FLUSH 同步刷盘
flushDiskType=ASYNC_FLUSH
#checkTransactionMessageEnable=false
#发消息线程池数量
#sendMessageThreadPoolNums=128
#拉消息线程池数量
#pullMessageThreadPoolNums=128

broker-b.properties:

#所属集群名字
brokerClusterName=rocketmq-cluster
#broker名字，注意此处不同的配置文件填写的不一样
brokerName=broker-a|broker-b
#0 表示 Master，>0 表示 Slave
brokerId=0
#nameServer地址，分号分割
namesrvAddr=rocketmq-nameserver1:9876;rocketmq-nameserver2:9876
#在发送消息时，自动创建服务器不存在的topic，默认创建的队列数
defaultTopicQueueNums=4
#是否允许 Broker 自动创建Topic，建议线下开启，线上关闭
autoCreateTopicEnable=true
#是否允许 Broker 自动创建订阅组，建议线下开启，线上关闭
autoCreateSubscriptionGroup=true
#Broker 对外服务的监听端口
listenPort=10911
#删除文件时间点，默认凌晨 4点
deleteWhen=04
#文件保留时间，默认 48 小时
fileReservedTime=120
#commitLog每个文件的大小默认1G
mapedFileSizeCommitLog=1073741824
#ConsumeQueue每个文件默认存30W条，根据业务情况调整
mapedFileSizeConsumeQueue=300000
#destroyMapedFileIntervalForcibly=120000
#redeleteHangedFileInterval=120000
#检测物理文件磁盘空间
diskMaxUsedSpaceRatio=88
#存储路径
storePathRootDir=/data/rocketmq/store
#commitLog 存储路径
storePathCommitLog=/data/rocketmq/store/commitlog
#消费队列存储路径存储路径
storePathConsumeQueue=/data/rocketmq/store/consumequeue
#消息索引存储路径
storePathIndex=/data/rocketmq/store/index
#checkpoint 文件存储路径
storeCheckpoint=/data/rocketmq/store/checkpoint
#abort 文件存储路径
abortFile=/data/rocketmq/store/abort
#限制的消息大小
maxMessageSize=65536
#flushCommitLogLeastPages=4
#flushConsumeQueueLeastPages=2
#flushCommitLogThoroughInterval=10000
#flushConsumeQueueThoroughInterval=60000
#Broker 的角色
#- ASYNC_MASTER 异步复制Master
#- SYNC_MASTER 同步双写Master
#- SLAVE
brokerRole=ASYNC_MASTER
#刷盘方式
#- ASYNC_FLUSH 异步刷盘
#- SYNC_FLUSH 同步刷盘
flushDiskType=ASYNC_FLUSH
#checkTransactionMessageEnable=false
#发消息线程池数量
#sendMessageThreadPoolNums=128
#拉消息线程池数量
#pullMessageThreadPoolNums=128

修改日志配置文件【两台机器】

mkdir -p /usr/local/rocketmq/logs
cd /usr/local/rocketmq/conf && sed -i 's#${user.home}#/usr/local/rocketmq#g' *.xml

修改启动NameServer【两台机器】

vim /usr/local/rocketmq/bin/runbroker.sh

JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms1g -Xmx1g -Xmn512m -
XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=320m"

vim /usr/local/rocketmq/bin/runserver.sh
    
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms1g -Xmx1g -Xmn512m -
XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=320m"

构建步骤如下:

①Start Name Server

cd /usr/local/rocketmq/bin
nohup sh bin/mqnamesrv &
tail -200f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/namesrv.log

②Start Broker

// 启动BrokerServerA:
cd /usr/local/rocketmq/bin
nohup sh mqbroker -c /usr/local/rocketmq/conf/2m-noslave/broker-a.properties &
// 可用jps查看启动是否成功:
jps
// 启动BrokerServerB:
cd /usr/local/rocketmq/bin
nohup sh mqbroker -c /usr/local/rocketmq/conf/2m-noslave/broker-b.properties &

4.部署RocketMQ Console

将rocketmq-web-console 部署到webapps目录中。

// 下载源码地址:
https://github.com/apache/rocketmq-externals/tree/master/rocketmq-console
// 下载后需要修改config.properties
rocketmq.namesrv.addr=192.168.2.128:9876;192.168.2.135:9876
    
// 使用maven打成war包
// 部署在tomcat如下目录:
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.65/webapps/
// 启动tomcat,并访问:
http://IP地址:8080/rocketmq-web-console/cluster/list.do 
// 既可以查看相应的集群状况

5.Java调用RocketMQ

pom.xml:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId>
   <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId>
   <version>4.6.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId>
  <artifactId>rocketmq-all</artifactId>
  <version>3.0.10</version>
  <type>pom</type>
</dependency>

Producer:

public class Producer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 1.分组
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("rmq-group");
        // 2.服务器集群地址
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.2.128:9876;192.168.2.135:9876");
        producer.setInstanceName("producer");
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            Message message = new Message(
                    "abc_topic",
                    "tagA",
                    ("abc--" + i).getBytes()
            );
            SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);
            System.out.println(sendResult.toString());
            System.out.println("producer send:"+message);
        }

        producer.shutdown();
    }
}

Consumer:

public class Consumer {

    private static Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("rmq-group");
        consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.2.128:9876;192.168.2.135:9876");
        consumer.setInstanceName("consumer");
        consumer.subscribe(
                "abc_topic",
                "tagA"
        );

        consumer.registerMessageListener(
                new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
                    @Override
                    public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List<MessageExt> list, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext consumeConcurrentlyContext) {
                        for (MessageExt messageExt : list) {
                            String msgId = messageExt.getMsgId();
                            byte[] body = messageExt.getBody();
                            System.out.println("msgId:" + msgId + ",body:" + new String(body));
                        }
                        if(map.get("try")!=null){
                            System.out.println("重复消费");
                            return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
                        }

                        System.out.println("开始报错");
                        try {
                            int w = 1/0;
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                            map.put("try","1");
                            return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.RECONSUME_LATER;

                        }
                        // 消费状态 1:代表消费成功 2.代表消费失败

                        return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
                    }
                }
        );
        consumer.start();
        System.out.println("Consumer Started.");
    }

}