title: CentOS 单机搭建FastDFS文件系统

此例为在CentOS7.2 单机上搭建一个FastDFS 文件管理系统

安装所需文件均上传到百度云盘，位置：FastDFS百度云盘 安装清单如下：

软件名称	版本	百度云盘存放名称
FastDFS	5.11	fastdfs-5.11.zip
FastDFS-Nginx-module	无	fastdfs-nginx-module-master.zip
LibFastCommon	1.0.36	libfastcommon-1.0.36.zip
nginx	1.10.3	nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz

一、安装FastDFS

1.安装libfastcommon

先解压安装包到目录

[root@localhost fastDFS]# unzip libfastcommon-1.0.36.zip

解压后目录如下：

[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ll
[root@localhost libfastcommon-1.0.36]# ll
总用量 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  117 4月   5 2017 doc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8005 4月   5 2017 HISTORY
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  566 4月   5 2017 INSTALL
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1606 4月   5 2017 libfastcommon.spec
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3099 4月   5 2017 make.sh
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  191 4月   5 2017 php-fastcommon
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2763 4月   5 2017 README
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 1月  17 11:21 src

安装C编译工具 gcc

[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# yum -y install gcc-c++

编译libfastcommon软件并安装

[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ./make.sh  && ./make.sh install

为libcommon 创建软链接到/usr/local/lib目录下

[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libfastcommon.so /usr/local/lib/libfastcommon.so
[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libfastcommon.so /usr/lib/libfastcommon.so
[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libfdfsclient.so /usr/local/lib/libfdfsclient.so
[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ln -s /usr/lib64/libfdfsclient.so /usr/lib/libfdfsclient.so

2.安装FastDFS

解压安装包

[root@localhost fastDFS]# unzip fastdfs-5.11.zip

解压后目录如下：

总用量 128
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  4096 1月  17 11:25 client
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 1月  17 11:25 common
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   146 6月   3 2017 conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 35067 6月   3 2017 COPYING-3_0.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3171 6月   3 2017 fastdfs.spec
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 33100 6月   3 2017 HISTORY
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    48 6月   3 2017 init.d
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  7755 6月   3 2017 INSTALL
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  5548 6月   3 2017 make.sh
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 6月   3 2017 php_client
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  2380 6月   3 2017 README.md
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1768 6月   3 2017 restart.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1680 6月   3 2017 stop.sh
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root  4096 1月  17 11:25 storage
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 6月   3 2017 test
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 1月  17 11:25 tracker

进入解压目录并进行编译和安装

[root@localhost fastDFS]# cd fastdfs-5.11/
[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ./make.sh  && ./make.sh install

安装成功后，FastDFS会安装在/etc/fdfs目录下：

[root@localhost fastdfs-5.11]# ll /etc/fdfs/
总用量 76
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   316 1月  17 11:47 client.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1461 1月  17 11:25 client.conf.sample
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   955 1月  17 13:20 http.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 31172 1月  17 13:21 mime.types
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3716 1月  17 12:57 mod_fastdfs.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1278 1月  17 11:40 storage.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  7927 1月  17 11:25 storage.conf.sample
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   105 1月  17 11:25 storage_ids.conf.sample
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1356 1月  17 11:34 tracker.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  7389 1月  17 11:25 tracker.conf.sample

我们需要把这三个示例文件复制一份，去掉.sample

[root@localhost fdfs]# cp client.conf.sample client.conf
[root@localhost fdfs]# cp storage.conf.sample storage.conf
[root@localhost fdfs]# cp tracker.conf.sample tracker.conf

FastDFS安装结束

二、安装Tracker

1.创建tracker工作目录

此目录用于保存tracker 的data和log

[root@localhost fdfs]# mkdir /opt/fastdfs_tracker

2.配置tracker

配置 /etc/fdfs目录下tracker.conf 主要实现以下4个配置内容：

1.disabled=false 
2.port=22122 #默认端口号 
3.base_path=/opt/fastdfs_tracker #我刚刚创建的目录 
4.http.server_port=8080 #默认端口是8080
5.bind_addr= 0.0.0.0 监听地址

完整tracker.conf 文件信息如下：

disabled=false

bind_addr= 0.0.0.0

port=22122

connect_timeout=30

network_timeout=60

base_path=/opt/fastdfs_tracker

max_connections=512

accept_threads=1

work_threads=4

min_buff_size = 8KB

max_buff_size = 128KB

store_lookup=2

store_group=group2

store_server=0

store_path=0

download_server=0

reserved_storage_space = 10%

log_level=info

run_by_group=

run_by_user=

allow_hosts=*

sync_log_buff_interval = 10

check_active_interval = 120

thread_stack_size = 64KB

storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true

storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400

storage_sync_file_max_time = 300

use_trunk_file = false 

slot_min_size = 256

slot_max_size = 16MB

trunk_file_size = 64MB

trunk_create_file_advance = false

trunk_create_file_time_base = 02:00

trunk_create_file_interval = 86400

trunk_create_file_space_threshold = 20G

trunk_init_check_occupying = false

trunk_init_reload_from_binlog = false

trunk_compress_binlog_min_interval = 0

use_storage_id = false

storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf

id_type_in_filename = ip

store_slave_file_use_link = false

rotate_error_log = false

error_log_rotate_time=00:00

rotate_error_log_size = 0

log_file_keep_days = 0

use_connection_pool = false

connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600

http.server_port=8080

http.check_alive_interval=30

http.check_alive_type=tcp

http.check_alive_uri=/status.html

修改保存后创建软引用

[root@localhost fdfs]# ln -s /usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /usr/local/bin

4.启动tracker，并加入开机启动项

[root@localhost fdfs]# service fdfs_trackerd start

进行刚刚创建的tracker目录，发现目录中多了data和log两个目录

[root@localhost fdfs]# ll /opt/fastdfs_tracker/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 178 1月  17 13:48 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  26 1月  17 11:35 logs

将tracker加入开机启动项

[root@localhost fdfs]# echo "service fdfs_trackerd start" |tee -a /etc/rc.d/rc.local

查看一下tracker的端口监听情况

[root@localhost fdfs]# netstat -unltp|grep fdfs
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22122           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3088/fdfs_trackerd

三、安装Storage

1.配置storage工作目录

由于storage还需要一个目录用来存储数据，因此多建了两个目录fastdfs_storage_data,fastdfs_storage

[root@localhost opt]# mkdir fastdfs_storage
[root@localhost opt]# mkdir fastdfs_storage_data
[root@localhost opt]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 30 1月  17 11:45 fastdfs_storage
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 1月  17 11:45 fastdfs_storage_data
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 30 1月  17 11:35 fastdfs_tracker

2.配置storage文件

修改 /etc/fdfs 目录下 storage.conf 文件修改要点如下：

1.disabled=false 
2.group_name=group1 #组名，根据实际情况修改 
3.port=23000 #设置storage的端口号，默认是23000，同一个组的storage端口号必须一致 
4.base_path=/opt/fastdfs_storage #设置storage数据文件和日志目录 
5.store_path_count=1 #存储路径个数，需要和store_path个数匹配 
6.store_path0=/opt/fastdfs_storage_data #实际文件存储路径 
7.tracker_server=192.168.43.60:22122 #我CentOS7的ip地址 
8.http.server_port=8888 #设置 http 端口号

完整信息如下：

disabled=false
group_name=group1
bind_addr= 0.0.0.0
client_bind=true
port=23000
connect_timeout=30
network_timeout=60
heart_beat_interval=30
stat_report_interval=60
base_path=/opt/fastdfs_storage
max_connections=256
buff_size = 256KB
accept_threads=1
work_threads=4
disk_rw_separated = true
disk_reader_threads = 1
disk_writer_threads = 1
sync_wait_msec=50
sync_interval=0
sync_start_time=00:00
sync_end_time=23:59
write_mark_file_freq=500
store_path_count=1
store_path0=/opt/fastdfs_storage_data
subdir_count_per_path=256
tracker_server=192.168.43.60:22122
log_level=info
run_by_group=
run_by_user=
allow_hosts=*
file_distribute_path_mode=0
file_distribute_rotate_count=100
fsync_after_written_bytes=0
sync_log_buff_interval=10
sync_binlog_buff_interval=10
sync_stat_file_interval=300
thread_stack_size=512KB
upload_priority=10
if_alias_prefix=
check_file_duplicate=0
file_signature_method=hash
key_namespace=FastDFS
keep_alive=0
use_access_log = false
rotate_access_log = false
access_log_rotate_time=00:00
rotate_error_log = false
error_log_rotate_time=00:00
rotate_access_log_size = 0
rotate_error_log_size = 0
log_file_keep_days = 0
file_sync_skip_invalid_record=false
use_connection_pool = false
connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600
http.domain_name=
http.server_port=8888

修改保存后创建软引用

[root@localhost fdfs]#  ln -s /usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /usr/local/bin

3.启动Storage

[root@localhost fdfs]# service fdfs_storaged start

设置开机启动：

[root@localhost fdfs]#  echo "service fdfs_storaged start" |tee -a /etc/rc.d/rc.local

查看一下服务是否启动

[root@localhost fdfs]# netstat -unltp | grep fdfs 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22122           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3088/fdfs_trackerd  
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:23000           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3139/fdfs_storaged

4.校验整合

到这里，fastdfs的东西都已安装完成，最后我们还要确定一下，storage是否注册到了tracker中去。查看命令：

[root@localhost fdfs]# /usr/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

成功后可以看到： ip_addr = 192.168.43.60 (localhost.localdomain) ACTIVE

四、测试

1.配置客户端

修改 /etc/fdfs/目录下的client.conf 文件修改要点为：

base_path=/opt/fastdfs_tracker #tracker服务器文件路径
tracker_server=192.168.43.60:22122 #tracker服务器IP地址和端口号
http.tracker_server_port=8080 # tracker 服务器的 http端口号，必须和tracker的设置对应起来

完整client.conf 文件信息如下：

connect_timeout=30
network_timeout=60
base_path=/opt/fastdfs_tracker
tracker_server=192.168.43.60:22122
log_level=info
use_connection_pool = false
connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600
load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=false
use_storage_id = false
storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf
http.tracker_server_port=8080

模拟上传从个人用户目录上传一个图片，进行测试

[root@localhost fdfs]# fdfs_upload_file  /etc/fdfs/client.conf /home/zhangyongliang/9408.jpg  #这后面放的是图片的位置

成功后会返回图片存储路径

[root@localhost fdfs]# fdfs_upload_file  /etc/fdfs/client.conf /home/zhangyongliang/9408.jpg 
group1/M00/00/00/wKgrPFpe9OqAWsHxAAH5yvc2jn8251.jpg

组名：group1 磁盘：M00 目录：00/00 文件名称：wKgrPFpe9OqAWsHxAAH5yvc2jn8251.jpg 定位上传的文件位置如下：

[root@localhost fdfs]# ll /opt/fastdfs_storage_data/data/00/00/
总用量 256
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129482 1月  17 15:02 wKgrPFpe9OqAWsHxAAH5yvc2jn8251.jpg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129482 1月  17 11:53 wKgrPFpeyM2ATkGUAAH5yvc2jn8013.jpg

实际文件存储路径下有创建好的多级目录。data下有256个1级目录，每级目录下又有256个2级子目录，总共65536个文件，新写的文件会以hash的方式被路由到其中某个子目录下，然后将文件数据直接作为一个本地文件存储到该目录中。
如果要访问刚上传的图片，我们得需要结合nginx来实现

五、安装Nginx并实现配置

1.安装Nginx依赖环境

[root@localhost fdfs]# yum -y install pcre pcre-devel  
[root@localhost fdfs]# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel  
[root@localhost fdfs]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

2.安装nginx并添加fastdfs-nginx-module

解压nginx和fastdfs-nginx-module

[root@localhost fdfs]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost fdfs]# unzip fastdfs-nginx-module-master.zip

解压后进入nginx目录编译安装nginx,并添加fastdfs-nginx-module

[root@localhost nginx-1.10.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=/home/zhangyongliang/apps/fastdfs-nginx-module-master/src #解压后fastdfs-nginx-module所在的位置

之后进行编译和安装

[root@localhost nginx-1.10.3]# make && make isntall

安装成功后，nginx会安装在/usr/local/nginx,安装后查看

[root@localhost src]# ll /usr/local/nginx/
总用量 8
drwx------. 2 nobody root    6 1月  17 13:23 client_body_temp
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root 4096 1月  17 13:17 conf
drwx------. 2 nobody root    6 1月  17 13:23 fastcgi_temp
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root   40 1月  17 13:17 html
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root   58 1月  17 13:49 logs
-rw-r--r--. 1 root   root 1156 1月  17 13:29 nginx.conf
drwx------. 2 nobody root    6 1月  17 13:23 proxy_temp
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root   root   19 1月  17 13:17 sbin
drwx------. 2 nobody root    6 1月  17 13:23 scgi_temp
drwx------. 2 nobody root    6 1月  17 13:23 uwsgi_temp

安装成功后，nginx尚未运行时，nginx文件夹没有临时文件夹，例如fastcgi_temp这些文件。

3.配置Storage Nginx

修改Nginx 目录下 conf 的配置文件nginx.conf,新增location信息，具体如下：

server {
        listen       9991;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        location ~/group1/M00 {
            root /opt/fastdfs_storage/data;
            ngx_fastdfs_module;
        }

        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
}

然后进入FastDFS安装时的解压过的目录，将http.conf和mime.types拷贝到/etc/fdfs目录下：

[root@localhost src]# cp http.conf  mime.types  /etc/fdfs/
[root@localhost src]# cp mime.types  /etc/fdfs/

另外还需要把fastdfs-nginx-module安装目录中src目录下的mod_fastdfs.conf也拷贝到/etc/fdfs目录下：

[root@localhost src]# cp mod_fastdfs.conf  /etc/fdfs/

对刚刚拷贝的mod_fastdfs.conf文件进行修改：

base_path=/opt/fastdfs_storage  #保存日志目录
tracker_server=192.168.43.60:22122 #tracker服务器的IP地址以及端口号
storage_server_port=23000 #storage服务器的端口号
url_have_group_name = true #文件 url 中是否有 group 名
store_path0=/opt/fastdfs_storage_data   #存储路径
group_count = 1 #设置组的个数

在文件的最后，设置group

[group1]
group_name=group1
storage_server_port=23000
store_path_count=1
store_path0=/opt/fastdfs_storage_data

创建M00至storage存储目录的符号连接：

ln  -s  /opt/fastdfs_storage_data/data/ /opt/fastdfs_storage_data/data/M00

启动Nginx：

[root@localhost src]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

访问Nginx是否启动

[root@localhost src]# curl localhost:9991
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

4.配置Tracker Nginx

在nginx.conf 文件添加一个虚拟机

upstream fdfs_group1 {
        server 127.0.0.1:9991;
    }
   server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
       location /group1/M00 {
            proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;
        }
      error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

完整nginx.conf配置文件如下：


#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       9991;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        location ~/group1/M00 {
            root /opt/fastdfs_storage/data;
            ngx_fastdfs_module;
        }
        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    upstream fdfs_group1 {
       server 127.0.0.1:9991;
    }
	 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
       location /group1/M00 {
            proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;
        }
      error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

将Nginx重新启动

[root@localhost src]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

访问Nginx是否已经启动

[root@localhost src]# curl localhost:9991
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@localhost src]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

5.HTTP访问图片资源

访问图片资源路径http://192.168.43.60/group1/M00/00/00/wKgrPFpeyM2ATkGUAAH5yvc2jn8013.jpg

可以看到已上传的图片，说明你已成功实现了FastDFS单机的文件系统搭建。

补充说明：

如果Tracker 服务、Storage服务、Nginx服务开机后没有自启动，请执行一下操作并进行重启

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig  --add fdfs_trackerd
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig  --add fdfs_storaged

编辑目录下的/etc/rc.d/rc.local,内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

主要增加了Nginx的启动，之后进行文件生效，重新启动系统

[root@localhost ~]# chmod  +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/rc.d/rc.local 
[root@localhost ~]# reboot

查看fastdfs 连接数

 netstat -antp | grep 23000 | grep ESTABLISHED -c