Homebrow
官网:brew.sh/
安装
安装命令(需要梯子)
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
安装成功后会提示将它的路径添加到shell配置文件中:
echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
检验安装成功:
kai@KaideMacBook-Pro ~ % brew -v
Homebrew 4.6.6
homebrow默认安装位置:/opt/homebrew
kai@KaideMacBook-Pro ~ % brew --repo
/opt/homebrew
Homebrew 配置软件源
查看当前源:
git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote -v
修改为Aliyun镜像:
# 修改 brew 源
git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/brew.git
# 修改 homebrew-core 源(不是必要的)
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-core.git
# 修改 homebrew-cask 源 (可选)
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-cask.git
# 更新配置
brew update
# zsh 修改 homebrew bintray 源(适用zsh用户)
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/homebrew/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
修改为中科大源:
# 替换 brew.git
git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
# 替换 homebrew-core.git(不是必要的)
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
# 替换 homebrew-cask.git(用于GUI应用)
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git
# 更新配置
brew update
# zsh 修改 homebrew bintray 源(适用zsh用户)
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
重置官方源:
# 重置 brew.git
git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git
# 重置 homebrew-core.git
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core.git
# 重置 homebrew-cask.git
git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask.git
# 更新配置
brew update
# 删除环境变量
sed -i '' '/HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN/d' ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
Git
安装
brew install git
查看版本
git -v
配置
配置用户名和邮箱
git config --global user.name "用户名"
git config --global user.email "邮箱"
查看全局配置
# 列出全局的配置项
git config --list --global
生成SSH密钥
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "邮箱"
三次回车,期间提示默认保存位置:/Users/kai/.ssh/id_rsa
如何没显示.ssh,按下 Command + Shift + .(句点)可以切换显示和隐藏文件
id_rsa 是私钥,
id_rea.pub 是公钥,配置在github或gitlab中
打开id_rea.pub,复制里面的全部内容
绑定SSH密钥
登陆你的GitHub,单击头像在下拉菜单中选择settings,进入到个人设置界面
单击屏幕左侧的SSH and GPG keys,然后单击该页面的new SSH key按钮,将刚才复制的代码添加到key中,输入方便记的title,单击下方的Add按钮完成绑定。
验证
ssh git@github.com
jdk17
查看brew源中的jdk版本
brew search jdk
安装openjdk17
brew install openjdk@17
安装成功后会提示
需要先建立一个软链接
sudo ln -sfn /opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk@17/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-17.jdk
设置环境变量,默认使用 .zshrc
echo 'export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk@17/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export JAVA_HOME="/opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk@17"' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
验证jdk是否安装成功
kai@KaideMacBook-Pro ~ % java -version
openjdk version "17.0.16" 2025-07-15
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Homebrew (build 17.0.16+0)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Homebrew (build 17.0.16+0, mixed mode, sharing)
查看安装位置
kai@KaideMacBook-Pro ~ % brew --prefix openjdk
/opt/homebrew/opt/openjdk
Maven
安装
使用搜索工具去搜索maven包
brew search maven
安装
brew install maven
验证是否安装成功
mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.9.11 (3e54c93a704957b63ee3494413a2b544fd3d825b)
Maven home: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/maven/3.9.11/libexec
Java version: 17.0.16, vendor: Homebrew, runtime: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@17/17.0.16/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home
Default locale: zh_CN_#Hans, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "15.3.1", arch: "aarch64", family: "mac"
可以看到Maven home在:/opt/homebrew/Cellar/maven/3.9.11/libexec
查看安装位置
brew --prefix maven
配置镜像源
打开 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/maven/3.9.11/libexec
如果找不到opt目录,按下快捷键: shift + command + .(句号键)显示隐藏文件目录
打开settings.xml文件,在mirrors选项卡里面添加
<mirror>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
Miniconda
安装
下载 .sh 安装程序
curl -O https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-MacOSX-arm64.sh
运行以下命令进行安装
bash Miniconda3-latest-MacOSX-arm64.sh
一路回车,中间会提示安装位置:PREFIX=/Users//miniconda3
刷新环境变量
source ~/.zshrc
通过运行 conda list 测试安装
conda list
conda源配置
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/menpo/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
Go
使用homebrow安装go
brew install go
验证是否安装成功
go version
检查GOPATH
kai@KaideMacBook-Pro ~ % echo $GOPATH
没有输出,手动添加 GOPATH
vi ~/.zshrc
# 添加以下内容:
export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
刷新
source ~/.zshrc
Goland中设置goproxy地址
GOPROXY=https://goproxy.io
Docker
安装
下载 Docker Desktop,按提示安装即可
配置镜像源
Docker 可用镜像源
打开docker设置
配置 Docker Engine:
{
"builder": {
"gc": {
"defaultKeepStorage": "20GB",
"enabled": true
}
},
"experimental": false,
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://docker.1ms.run",
"https://docker.xuanyuan.me"
]
}
安装 Node.js
通过 Homebrew 安装
brew install node
安装完成后验证:
node -v # 应输出版本号(如 v20.0.0)
npm -v # 应输出 npm 版本号(如 9.0.0)