Android 中Scheme协议的使用详解

3,648 阅读2分钟

本文已参与「新人创作礼」活动,一起开启掘金创作之路

1. 什么是URL Scheme?

简单的说就是android中的一种页面内跳转协议,方便app页面的内的跳转

2.什么时候使用

  1. 服务器下发跳转路径,客户端根据 服务器下发跳转路径跳转相应的页面
  2. H5页面点击描点,根据描点具体跳转路径APP端跳转具体的页面
  3. APP端收到服务器端下发的PUSH通知栏消息,根据消息的点击跳转路径跳转相关页面
  4. APP根据URL跳转到另外一个APP指定页面

3.协议格式

zymobi://3g2win:9999/macthDetail?macthId=222&time=10001
scheme代表该Schema 协议名称zymobi
host代表Schema作用于哪个地址域3g2win
port代表该路径的端口号9999
path代表Schema指定的页面/macthDetail
--代表传递的参数?macthId=222&time=10001

4.在app中如何使用

在AndroidManifest.xml中对activity标签增加intent-filter设置Schema

 <activity android:name=".SecondActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"/>
                <data android:scheme="zymobi"
                    android:host="3g2win"
                    android:port="9999"
                    android:path="/macthDetail"
                    />

            </intent-filter>

        </activity>

注意:

<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"/>

5.如何调用

1.在html中调用非常简单

<a href="zymobi://3g2win:9999/macthDetail?macthId=222&time=10001">打开源生应用指定的页面</a>

2.在源生应用中调用也很简单

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,Uri.parse("zymobi://3g2win:9999/macthDetail?macthId=222&time=10001"));
startActivity(intent); 

6.在源生界面获取uri和各个参数

 Intent intent = getIntent();
        Uri data = intent.getData();  //
        String action = intent.getAction();
        String scheme = intent.getScheme();
        Set<String> categories = intent.getCategories();
        Log.e("TAG", "data==========="+data);
        Log.e("TAG", "action==========="+action);
        Log.e("TAG", "categories==========="+categories);
        Log.e("TAG", "DataString==========="+intent.getDataString());
        Log.e("TAG", "==============================");
        Log.e("TAG", "scheme==========="+scheme);
        Log.e("TAG", "id ==========="+data.getQueryParameterNames());
        Log.e("TAG", "host==========="+data.getHost());
        Log.e("TAG", "path==========="+data.getPath());
        Log.e("TAG", "port==========="+data.getPort());

输出结果

4-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: data===========zymobi://3g2win:9999/macthDetail?goodsId=10011002&time=1111
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: action===========android.intent.action.VIEW
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: categories===========null
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: DataString===========zymobi://3g2win:9999/macthDetail?goodsId=10011002&time=1111
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: ==============================
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: scheme===========zymobi
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: id ===========[goodsId, time]
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: host===========3g2win
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: path===========/macthDetail
04-11 18:13:56.335 5198-5198/com.phone.myapplication E/TAG: port===========9999

具体含义可以对比传入的参数

7. 判断Schema是否有效

判断Schema是否有效,也可以说判断应用是否安装(在确定要启动的应用已经配置了scheme)

app源生判断Sheme是否有效

Intent intent = newIntent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("zymobi://3g2win:9999/macthDetail?macthId=222&time=10001"));

List<ResolveInfo> activities =packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, 0);
boolean isValid = !activities.isEmpty();
Toast.makeText(this,isValid+"",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();