前言
在项目中我们通常需要添加数据,少量数据我们可以一条一条添加,但是一旦添加数据的量比较大,这样的操作效率就会很低,因此我们需要批量导入功能.同理我们导出大量的数据单靠一行行的cv效率也是非常低的,因此也需要一个批量导出功能.
实现excel导入功能
1.安装必要插件
npm install xlsx -S
2.在src/components/UploadExcel下创建UploadExcel.vue组件
本文是将vue-element-admin提供的组件复制到src/components/UploadExcel下,以下是vue-element-admin提供的组件代码:
<template>
<div>
<input ref="excel-upload-input" class="excel-upload-input" type="file" accept=".xlsx, .xls" @change="handleClick">
<div class="drop" @drop="handleDrop" @dragover="handleDragover" @dragenter="handleDragover">
Drop excel file here or
<el-button :loading="loading" style="margin-left:16px;" size="mini" type="primary" @click="handleUpload">
Browse
</el-button>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import XLSX from 'xlsx'
export default {
props: {
beforeUpload: Function, // eslint-disable-line
onSuccess: Function// eslint-disable-line
},
data() {
return {
loading: false,
excelData: {
header: null,
results: null
}
}
},
methods: {
generateData({ header, results }) {
this.excelData.header = header
this.excelData.results = results
this.onSuccess && this.onSuccess(this.excelData)
},
handleDrop(e) {
e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
if (this.loading) return
const files = e.dataTransfer.files
if (files.length !== 1) {
this.$message.error('Only support uploading one file!')
return
}
const rawFile = files[0] // only use files[0]
if (!this.isExcel(rawFile)) {
this.$message.error('Only supports upload .xlsx, .xls, .csv suffix files')
return false
}
this.upload(rawFile)
e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
},
handleDragover(e) {
e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'
},
handleUpload() {
this.$refs['excel-upload-input'].click()
},
handleClick(e) {
const files = e.target.files
const rawFile = files[0] // only use files[0]
if (!rawFile) return
this.upload(rawFile)
},
upload(rawFile) {
this.$refs['excel-upload-input'].value = null // fix can't select the same excel
if (!this.beforeUpload) {
this.readerData(rawFile)
return
}
const before = this.beforeUpload(rawFile)
if (before) {
this.readerData(rawFile)
}
},
readerData(rawFile) {
this.loading = true
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const reader = new FileReader()
reader.onload = e => {
const data = e.target.result
const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: 'array' })
const firstSheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0]
const worksheet = workbook.Sheets[firstSheetName]
const header = this.getHeaderRow(worksheet)
const results = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(worksheet)
this.generateData({ header, results })
this.loading = false
resolve()
}
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(rawFile)
})
},
getHeaderRow(sheet) {
const headers = []
const range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(sheet['!ref'])
let C
const R = range.s.r
/* start in the first row */
for (C = range.s.c; C <= range.e.c; ++C) { /* walk every column in the range */
const cell = sheet[XLSX.utils.encode_cell({ c: C, r: R })]
/* find the cell in the first row */
let hdr = 'UNKNOWN ' + C // <-- replace with your desired default
if (cell && cell.t) hdr = XLSX.utils.format_cell(cell)
headers.push(hdr)
}
return headers
},
isExcel(file) {
return /\.(xlsx|xls|csv)$/.test(file.name)
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.excel-upload-input{
display: none;
z-index: -9999;
}
.drop{
border: 2px dashed #bbb;
width: 600px;
height: 160px;
line-height: 160px;
margin: 0 auto;
font-size: 24px;
border-radius: 5px;
text-align: center;
color: #bbb;
position: relative;
}
</style>
3.在src/components下的index.js中注册为全局组件
import uploadExcel from './UploadExcel'
export default {
// 插件的初始化, 插件给你提供的全局的功能, 都可以在这里配置
install(Vue) {
// 进行组件的全局注册
省略其他代码....
Vue.component('uploadExcel', uploadExcel) // 注册导入excel组件
}
}
4.在src/views/employees/import下新建index.vue
<template>
<uploadExcel :on-success="handleSuccess" />
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'Import',
methods: {
handleSuccess({ header, results }) {
console.log(header, results)
}
}
}
</script>
5.配置路由权限
在employees.js文件中配置路由
6.在src/views/employees/import/index.vue文件新增方法
import { formatExcelDate } from '@/utils/index.js'
// 将[{'姓名':'小张', '手机号': '13712345678'}, {.....}]转换为[ {'username':'小张','mobile': '13712345678'}, {.....} ],即把一个对象数组中的每个对象的属性名,从中文改成英文
// 思路:对于原数组每个对象来说
// (1) 找出所有的中文key
// (2) 得到对应的英文key
// (3) 拼接一个新对象: 英文key:值
transExcel(results) {
const mapInfo = {
'入职日期': 'timeOfEntry',
'手机号': 'mobile',
'姓名': 'username',
'转正日期': 'correctionTime',
'工号': 'workNumber',
'部门': 'departmentName',
'聘用形式': 'formOfEmployment'
}
return results.map(zhObj => {
const enObj = {}
const zhKeys = Object.keys(zhObj) // ['姓名', '手机号']
zhKeys.forEach(zhKey => {
const enKey = mapInfo[zhKey]
// 只有入职时间和转正时间需要处理
if (enKey === 'timeOfEntry' || enKey === 'correctionTime') {
// 后端需要的日期格式是标准时间
enObj[enKey] = new Date(formatExcelDate(zhObj[zhKey]))
} else {
enObj[enKey] = zhObj[zhKey]
}
})
return enObj
})
}
7.在utils/index.js文件下新增方法如下:
因为excel内部进行特殊的编码,会让从excel中读入的时间"变形"
// 把excel文件中的日期格式的内容转回成标准时间
// https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15054679/article/details/107712966
export function formatExcelDate(numb, format = '/') {
const time = new Date((numb - 25567) * 24 * 3600000 - 5 * 60 * 1000 - 43 * 1000 - 24 * 3600000 - 8 * 3600000)
time.setYear(time.getFullYear())
const year = time.getFullYear() + ''
const month = time.getMonth() + 1 + ''
const date = time.getDate() + ''
if (format && format.length === 1) {
return year + format + month + format + date
}
return year + (month < 10 ? '0' + month : month) + (date < 10 ? '0' + date : date)
}
8.在src/api/employee.js文件中准备接口
export function importEmployee(data) {
return request({
url: '/sys/user/batch',
method: 'post',
data
})
}
9.在页面中使用
import { importEmployee } from '@/api/employees'
// 导入api
async doImport(data) {
try {
const res = await importEmployee(data)
console.log('importEmployee', res)
this.$message.success('导入成功')
// 页面后退
this.$router.back()
} catch (err) {
console.log('importEmployee', err)
this.$message.error('导入失败')
}
},
// 1. 把数据从excel文件读入到浏览器内存
handleSuccess({ header, results }) {
console.log(header, results)
// 2. 按接口要求 组装数据
const data = this.transExcel(results)
console.log('按接口要求 组装数据', data)
// 3. 调用接口做上传
this.doImport(data)
}
实现excel导出功能
1.安装依赖
npm install file-saver script-loader xlsx --save
2.在src/vendor文件下新建export2Excel.js文件
本文是将vue-element-admin提供的文件复制到src/vendor下,以下是vue-element-admin提供的组件代码:
/* eslint-disable */
import { saveAs } from 'file-saver'
import XLSX from 'xlsx'
function generateArray(table) {
var out = [];
var rows = table.querySelectorAll('tr');
var ranges = [];
for (var R = 0; R < rows.length; ++R) {
var outRow = [];
var row = rows[R];
var columns = row.querySelectorAll('td');
for (var C = 0; C < columns.length; ++C) {
var cell = columns[C];
var colspan = cell.getAttribute('colspan');
var rowspan = cell.getAttribute('rowspan');
var cellValue = cell.innerText;
if (cellValue !== "" && cellValue == +cellValue) cellValue = +cellValue;
//Skip ranges
ranges.forEach(function (range) {
if (R >= range.s.r && R <= range.e.r && outRow.length >= range.s.c && outRow.length <= range.e.c) {
for (var i = 0; i <= range.e.c - range.s.c; ++i) outRow.push(null);
}
});
//Handle Row Span
if (rowspan || colspan) {
rowspan = rowspan || 1;
colspan = colspan || 1;
ranges.push({
s: {
r: R,
c: outRow.length
},
e: {
r: R + rowspan - 1,
c: outRow.length + colspan - 1
}
});
};
//Handle Value
outRow.push(cellValue !== "" ? cellValue : null);
//Handle Colspan
if (colspan)
for (var k = 0; k < colspan - 1; ++k) outRow.push(null);
}
out.push(outRow);
}
return [out, ranges];
};
function datenum(v, date1904) {
if (date1904) v += 1462;
var epoch = Date.parse(v);
return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
}
function sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data, opts) {
var ws = {};
var range = {
s: {
c: 10000000,
r: 10000000
},
e: {
c: 0,
r: 0
}
};
for (var R = 0; R != data.length; ++R) {
for (var C = 0; C != data[R].length; ++C) {
if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R;
if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C;
if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R;
if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C;
var cell = {
v: data[R][C]
};
if (cell.v == null) continue;
var cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({
c: C,
r: R
});
if (typeof cell.v === 'number') cell.t = 'n';
else if (typeof cell.v === 'boolean') cell.t = 'b';
else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
cell.t = 'n';
cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14];
cell.v = datenum(cell.v);
} else cell.t = 's';
ws[cell_ref] = cell;
}
}
if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws['!ref'] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range);
return ws;
}
function Workbook() {
if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
this.SheetNames = [];
this.Sheets = {};
}
function s2ab(s) {
var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF;
return buf;
}
export function export_table_to_excel(id) {
var theTable = document.getElementById(id);
var oo = generateArray(theTable);
var ranges = oo[1];
/* original data */
var data = oo[0];
var ws_name = "SheetJS";
var wb = new Workbook(),
ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
/* add ranges to worksheet */
// ws['!cols'] = ['apple', 'banan'];
ws['!merges'] = ranges;
/* add worksheet to workbook */
wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
bookType: 'xlsx',
bookSST: false,
type: 'binary'
});
saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
type: "application/octet-stream"
}), "test.xlsx")
}
export function export_json_to_excel({
multiHeader = [],
header,
data,
filename,
merges = [],
autoWidth = true,
bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
/* original data */
filename = filename || 'excel-list'
data = [...data]
data.unshift(header);
for (let i = multiHeader.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
data.unshift(multiHeader[i])
}
var ws_name = "SheetJS";
var wb = new Workbook(),
ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
if (merges.length > 0) {
if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
merges.forEach(item => {
ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
})
}
if (autoWidth) {
/*设置worksheet每列的最大宽度*/
const colWidth = data.map(row => row.map(val => {
/*先判断是否为null/undefined*/
if (val == null) {
return {
'wch': 10
};
}
/*再判断是否为中文*/
else if (val.toString().charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
return {
'wch': val.toString().length * 2
};
} else {
return {
'wch': val.toString().length
};
}
}))
/*以第一行为初始值*/
let result = colWidth[0];
for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
if (result[j]['wch'] < colWidth[i][j]['wch']) {
result[j]['wch'] = colWidth[i][j]['wch'];
}
}
}
ws['!cols'] = result;
}
/* add worksheet to workbook */
wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
bookType: bookType,
bookSST: false,
type: 'binary'
});
saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
type: "application/octet-stream"
}), `${filename}.${bookType}`);
}
3.在src/view/employees/Employees.vue中新增方法
formatData(list) {
const map = {
'id': '编号',
'password': '密码',
'mobile': '手机号',
'username': '姓名',
'timeOfEntry': '入职日期',
'formOfEmployment': '聘用形式',
'correctionTime': '转正日期',
'workNumber': '工号',
'departmentName': '部门',
'staffPhoto': '头像地址'
}
console.log(list)
let header = []
// header = ['id', 'mobile', 'username', .....]
// data = [
// ['65c2', '1380000002', '管理员', ....],
// ['65c3', '1380000003', '孙财', ....],
// ]
let data = []
// 开始代码
// 找到一个元素
const one = list[0]
// 用于判断是否有数据
if (!one) {
return { header, data }
}
header = Object.keys(one).map(key => {
return map[key]
})
// data把list中每一个对象转成 对应的value数组
data = list.map(obj => {
// 把 Obj['formOfEmployment']: 1 , 2 ---> '正式', '非正式'
const key = obj['formOfEmployment'] // 1, 2
obj['formOfEmployment'] =this.hireType[key] // hireType:{1:'正式', '2':'非正式' }
return Object.values(obj)
})
return { header, data }
},
hExport() {
import('@/vendor/Export2Excel').then(async excel => {
// 发ajax请求,获取数据
const res = await getEmployee(this.page, this.size)
const list = res.data.rows
console.log('从后端获取的数据', list)
const { header, data } = this.formatData(list)
// excel表示导入的模块对象
console.log(header, data)
excel.export_json_to_excel({
// header: ['姓名', '工资'], // 表头 必填
header: header, // 表头 必填
data: data,
// data: [
// ['刘备11111111111111', 100],
// ['关羽', 500]
// ], // 具体数据 必填
filename: 'excel-list', // 文件名称
autoWidth: true, // 宽度是否自适应
bookType: 'xlsx' // 生成的文件类型
})
})
}
最后
希望整理的信息对您有所帮助,喜欢的话请帮忙点赞
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