[Go] 原子性Atomic

在上面的代码中的我们通过锁操作来实现同步。而锁机制的底层是基于原子操作的，其一般直接通过CPU指令实现。Go语言中原子操作由内置的标准库sync/atomic提供。

atomic包

方法	解释
func LoadInt32(addr *int32) (val int32) func LoadInt64(addr *int64) (val int64) func LoadUint32(addr *uint32) (val uint32) func LoadUint64(addr *uint64) (val uint64) func LoadUintptr(addr *uintptr) (val uintptr) func LoadPointer(addr *unsafe.Pointer) (val unsafe.Pointer)	读取操作
func StoreInt32(addr *int32, val int32) func StoreInt64(addr *int64, val int64) func StoreUint32(addr *uint32, val uint32) func StoreUint64(addr *uint64, val uint64) func StoreUintptr(addr *uintptr, val uintptr) func StorePointer(addr *unsafe.Pointer, val unsafe.Pointer)	写入操作
func AddInt32(addr *int32, delta int32) (new int32) func AddInt64(addr *int64, delta int64) (new int64) func AddUint32(addr *uint32, delta uint32) (new uint32) func AddUint64(addr *uint64, delta uint64) (new uint64) func AddUintptr(addr *uintptr, delta uintptr) (new uintptr)	修改操作
func SwapInt32(addr *int32, new int32) (old int32) func SwapInt64(addr *int64, new int64) (old int64) func SwapUint32(addr *uint32, new uint32) (old uint32) func SwapUint64(addr *uint64, new uint64) (old uint64) func SwapUintptr(addr *uintptr, new uintptr) (old uintptr) func SwapPointer(addr *unsafe.Pointer, new unsafe.Pointer) (old unsafe.Pointer)	交换操作
func CompareAndSwapInt32(addr *int32, old, new int32) (swapped bool) func CompareAndSwapInt64(addr *int64, old, new int64) (swapped bool) func CompareAndSwapUint32(addr *uint32, old, new uint32) (swapped bool) func CompareAndSwapUint64(addr *uint64, old, new uint64) (swapped bool) func CompareAndSwapUintptr(addr *uintptr, old, new uintptr) (swapped bool) func CompareAndSwapPointer(addr *unsafe.Pointer, old, new unsafe.Pointer) (swapped bool)	比较并交换操作

示例

var wg sync.WaitGroup
var x int64

func main() {
	wg.Add(2)
	go f()
	go f()
	wg.Wait()
	fmt.Println(x) // 输出 20000
}

func f()  {
	for i:=0;i<10000;i++ {
		atomic.AddInt64(&x,1)
	}
	wg.Done()
}