利用docker双开mysql,省去mysql的my.cnf配置端口步骤

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(1)先docker images查看本机的镜像有没有mysql

  • docker images命令
[root@Master ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
redis               latest              987b78fc9e38        11 months ago       104MB
rabbitmq            3.7.7-management    2888deb59dfc        2 years ago         149MB

(2)没有mysql镜像的话拉取mysql镜像,可以通过docker search mysql来查看mysql相关镜像,不过具体版本信息还是要在hub.docker.com上查询,这里选择拉取mysql:5.7版本的镜像。

  • docker search mysql命令和docker pull mysql:5.7命令
[root@Master ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   10760               [OK]
mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4050                [OK]
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   791                                     [OK]
percona                           Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   533                 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   87
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   81
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   59                                      [OK]
bitnami/mysql                     Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      50                                      [OK]
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         43
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                                      [OK]
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              37                                      [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   35
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   29                                      [OK]
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   27
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   20
circleci/mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   20
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   19
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      17                                      [OK]
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   12                                      [OK]
yloeffler/mysql-backup            This image runs mysqldump to backup data usi…   7                                       [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   3
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                                       [OK]
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   1
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   1                                       [OK]
[root@Master ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
f7ec5a41d630: Pull complete
9444bb562699: Pull complete
6a4207b96940: Pull complete
181cefd361ce: Pull complete
8a2090759d8a: Pull complete
15f235e0d7ee: Pull complete
d870539cd9db: Pull complete
7310c448ab4f: Pull complete
4a72aac2e800: Pull complete
b1ab932f17c4: Pull complete
1a985de740ee: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:e42a18d0bd0aa746a734a49cbbcc079ccdf6681c474a238d38e79dc0884e0ecc
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

(3)最后再docker images查看下镜像信息,确保本地同步好mysql镜像,然后开始启动mysql容器,因为docker容器的特性,所以要双开mysql非常之方便,只需做好端口映射即可,每个容器都拥有自己的文件系统、CPU、内存、进程空间等资源,故无需在服务器上安装两个mysql数据库,然后修改my.cnf配置文件的端口,只需在docker容器启动时做好服务器外部端口映射即可。 参数说明: -p 3307:3306:服务器的3307端口映射到docker容器的3306端口。 --name mysqlone:运行容器服务名字。 -v /etc/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d:对宿主机/etc/mysql/conf.d目录下数据库配置文件与容器/etc/mysql/conf.d目录下数据库配置文件进行映射挂载。 -v /var/log/mysql:/var/log/mysql:对宿主机/var/log/mysql目录下数据库日志与容器/var/log/mysql目录下数据库日志进行映射挂载。 -v /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql:对宿主机数据库/var/lib/mysql目录下与容器数据库目录/var/lib/mysql进行映射挂载。 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456:初始化 root 用户的密码。 -d mysql:5.7:后台运行mysql5.7。 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 :设置字符集。 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci:设置校对集。

  • 比较重要的是**-v xxx:xxx **挂载容器的数据库文件到宿主机上,相当于一次备份,假若容器被删除了,那么数据还在的,如果不挂载,重启容器是不会丢失数据的,但是为了安全保证,还是需要挂载备份,重启容器时也会从宿主机目录下去加载相关文件。
  • docker run -p 3307:3306 --name mysqlone -v /etc/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /var/log/mysql:/var/log/mysql -v /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci 命令一
  • docker run -p 3308:3306 --name mysqltwo -v /etc/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /var/log/mysql:/var/log/mysql -v /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci 命令二
[root@Master ~]# docker run -p 3307:3306 --name mysqlone -v /etc/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /var/log/mysql:/var/log/mysql -v /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
6e64d2aefdd37c1bd76c64f45936ea272f2ac074906fb9b2b0a9ab69f8f6d41e
[root@Master ~]# docker run -p 3308:3306 --name mysqltwo -v /etc/mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /var/log/mysql:/var/log/mysql -v /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
8aef946b1dd270b1601174f4bec41af46753971c3307bd7568802fb3327bbd27
  • docker ps -a 命令列出所有容器情况,可以看到有两个正在运行的mysql,服务器外部端口3307和3308,这样我们可以通过navicat来连接服务器的两个mysql数据库。
[root@Master ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                      PORTS                                                                                        NAMES
8aef946b1dd2        mysql:5.7           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute           33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp                                                            mysqltwo
6e64d2aefdd3        mysql:5.7           "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute           33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp                                                            mysqlone
cf945a87496b        2888deb59dfc        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   10 months ago        Exited (255) 13 hours ago   4369/tcp, 5671/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5672->5672/tcp, 15671/tcp, 25672/tcp, 0.0.0.0:15672->15672/tcp   rabbitmq3.7.7
4903a31afb36        redis:latest        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   10 months ago        Exited (255) 13 hours ago   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp                                                                       determined_banach
  • navicat连接两个mysql 3307mysql.png

3308mysql.png

  • docker logs查看mysqlone容器日志,参数 -t 表示显示时间戳,-f 跟踪日志输出,--tail 仅列出最新N条容器日志
[root@Master ~]# docker logs -t -f --tail 10 mysqlone
2021-04-17T15:08:17.272288827Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.272248Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-04-17T15:08:17.272317126Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.272292Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory.
2021-04-17T15:08:17.272824510Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.272786Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2021-04-17T15:08:17.272835327Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.272820Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2021-04-17T15:08:17.272839017Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.272828Z 0 [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
2021-04-17T15:08:17.272862363Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.272839Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2021-04-17T15:08:17.273439643Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.273404Z 0 [Warning] Insecure configuration for --pid-file: Location '/var/run/mysqld' in the path is accessible to all OS users. Consider choosing a different directory.
2021-04-17T15:08:17.280404233Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.280357Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2021-04-17T15:08:17.280607320Z 2021-04-17T15:08:17.280525Z 0 [Note] mysqld: ready for connections.
2021-04-17T15:08:17.280616667Z Version: '5.7.33'  socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  • docker exec -it mysqlone /bin/bash命令进入mysqlone容器
[root@Master ~]# docker exec -it mysqlone /bin/bash
root@22e10973a47d:/#
  • 在mysqlone容器中连接mysql,输入mysql -u root -p回车然后输入密码,可以看到就进入mysql了。
root@22e10973a47d:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.33 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>
mysql> quit
Bye
root@22e10973a47d:/#
  • 退出容器
root@22e10973a47d:/# exit
exit
[root@Master ~]#
  • docker inspec 容器名/容器ID命令查看容器挂载于宿主机目录
[root@Master ~]# docker inspect mysqlone

可在HostConfig的binds查看挂载映射目录 docker inspec命令.png

  • docker stopdocker rm命令暂停和删除mysqlone容器
[root@Master ~]# docker stop mysqlone
mysqlone
[root@Master ~]# docker rm mysqlone
mysqlone

最后docker ps -a检查有没有删除成功即可。