Web前端基础(09)

197 阅读2分钟

###Bootstrap

  • 目前比较流行的前端框架,基于html/css/javascript/jQuery, 由Twitter公司研发, 框架作用:提高前端页面的开发效率.
    ###如何创建bootstrap页面

1.下载框架文件(也可从Bootstrap官网下载)
Bootstrap V3.3.7 Starter ZIP
下载并解压出template和bootstrap3两个文件夹 放到工程中
2.复制template文件夹中的starter.html 粘贴到需要创建页面的地方,改名字即可

###按钮相关 参考文档及02第一个boot页面.html
###字体图标 参考文档及03字体图标.html
###导航组件 参考文档及04导航组件.html
###响应式布局

  • 根据不同的设备显示不同的样式及页面结构

  • 有哪些设备:

    1. 手机
    2. pad平板
    3. 桌面显示器
    4. 大显示器(高分辨率或电视)
  • 媒体查询:是Bootstrap框架中实现响应式布局的实现方式.

练习:

1.第一个boot页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
		<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css" />
	</head>
	<body>
		<div>div1</div>
		<div class="well">div2</div>
		<h3>按钮种类</h3>
		<a class="btn btn-default" href="#">按钮1</a>
		<button class="btn btn-default" type="button">按钮2</button>
		<input class="btn btn-default" type="button" value="按钮3" />
		<input class="btn btn-default" type="submit" value="按钮4" />
		<h3>按钮样式</h3>
		<button class="btn btn-default">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-primary">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-success">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-info">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-warning">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-danger">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-link">按钮</button>
		<h3>按钮尺寸</h3>
		<button class="btn btn-success btn-lg">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-success"> 按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-success btn-sm">按钮</button>
		<button class="btn btn-success btn-xs">按钮</button>
	</body>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
</html>

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2.字体图标

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css"/>
<style type="text/css">
			i1{
				background-color: #000000;
				margin: 0;/* 去掉自带的外边距 */
			}
			i1{
				font
			}
		</style>
</head>
<body>
  <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-music">音乐</span><br>
  <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-qrcode">二维码</span>
  <hr />
  <i id="i1" class="fa fa-address-book" aria-hidden="true"> 通讯录</i>
  <span class="fa fa-bath"> 洗澡</span>

</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
</html>

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3.导航组件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css"/>
</head>
<body>
  <ul class="nav nav-tabs">
    <li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
    <li role="presentation"><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
    <li role="presentation"><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
  </ul>
  <h3>胶囊式</h3>
  <ul class="nav nav-pills">
    <li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">中国</a></li>
    <li role="presentation"><a href="#">美国</a></li>
    <li role="presentation"><a href="#">俄罗斯</a></li>
  </ul>
  <h3>胶囊式</h3>
  <ul class="nav nav-pills">
     <li role="presentation" class="dropdown">
        <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
          魏国 <span class="caret"></span>
        </a>
        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
          <li role="presentation"><a href="#">曹操</a></li>
          <li role="presentation"><a href="#">司马懿</a></li>
          <li role="presentation"><a href="#">夏侯惇</a></li>  
        </ul>
      </li>
    <li role="presentation" class="dropdown">
       <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
         蜀国 <span class="caret"></span>
       </a>
       <ul class="dropdown-menu">
         <li role="presentation"><a href="#">刘备</a></li>
         <li role="presentation"><a href="#">诸葛亮</a></li>
         <li role="presentation"><a href="#">马超</a></li>  
       </ul>
     </li>
	 <li role="presentation" class="dropdown">
	    <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
	      吴国 <span class="caret"></span>
	    </a>
	    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
	      <li role="presentation"><a href="#">周瑜</a></li>
	      <li role="presentation"><a href="#">小乔</a></li>
	      <li role="presentation"><a href="#">孙尚香</a></li>  
	    </ul>
	  </li>
  </ul>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
		//给所有li添加点击事件
			$("li").click(function(){
				//this代表当前点击的li
				$(this).attr("class","active");
				//让其他两个不选中
				$(this).siblings().attr("class","");
			})
		</script>
</html>

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4.综合小练习

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
		<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css" />
	</head>
	<body>
		<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
			<li role="presentation" class="active"><a class="fa fa-plus" href="#">新增</a></li>
			<li role="presentation"><a class="fa fa-pencil" href="#">编辑</a></li>
			<li role="presentation"><a class="fa fa-search" href="#">查询</a></li>
		</ul>
		<div><b>左对齐加粗</b></div>
		<div class="text-center"><i>中间对齐斜体</i></div>
		<div class="text-right"><small>右对齐小字</small></div>
		<button class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">按钮1</button>
		<button class="btn btn-info">按钮2</button>
		<button class="btn btn-warning btn-sm">按钮3</button>
		<button class="btn btn-danger btn-xs">按钮4</button>
	</body>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
</html>

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5.响应式布局

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css"/>
<style type="text/css">
	/* 手机 */
	@media (max-width: 768px) {
		body{
			background-color: red;
		}
		h1{
			color: green;
		}
		img{
			width: 200px;
		}
	}
	/* pad */
	@media (min-width: 768px) { 
		body{
			background-color: yellow;
		}
		h1{
			color: blue;
		}
		img{
			width: 400px;
		}
	}
	/* 桌面显示器 */
	@media (min-width: 992px){ 
		body{
			background-color: blue;
		}
		h1{
			color: yellow;
		}
		img{
			width: 800px;
		}
	}
	/* 大桌面显示器 */
	@media (min-width: 1200px) { 
		body{
			background-color: green;
		}
		h1{
			color: red;
		}
		img{
			width: 1600px;
		}
	}
</style>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>文本测试</h1>
  <img src="0.jpg" >
  <!-- 手机:文字绿 图片宽200px -->
  <!-- pad:文字蓝 图片宽400px -->
  <!-- 桌面显示器:文字黄 图片宽800px -->
  <!-- 大桌面显示器:文字红 图片宽1600px -->
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
</html>

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6.栅格系统

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
		<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
		<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css" />
		<style type="text/css">
			div {
				border: 1px solid red;
			}
		</style>
	</head>
	<body>
		<!-- 栅格系统必须有一个表示行的div class值为row -->
		<div class="row">
			<div class="col-md-6">占6列</div>
			<div class="col-md-6">占6列</div>
		</div>
		<div class="row">
			<div class="col-md-4">占4列</div>
			<div class="col-md-4">占4列</div>
			<div class="col-md-4">占4列</div>
		</div>
		<!-- 带有居中效果的一行 container容器-->
		<div class="container">
			<div class="row">
				<div class="col-md-6">占6</div>
				<div class="col-md-6">占6</div>
			</div>
		</div>
		<!-- 练习:1.创建5: 12部分-->
		<div class="row">
			<div class="col-md-10">占10列</div>
			<div class="col-md-2">占2列</div>
		</div>
		<!-- 练习:2.创建1:2:13部分 -->
		<div class="row">
			<div class="col-md-3">占1列</div>
			<div class="col-md-6">占2列</div>
			<div class="col-md-3">占1列</div>
		</div>
		<!-- 练习:3.创建1:2:33部分并且居中 -->
		<div class="container">
			<div class="row">
				<div class="col-md-2">占2列</div>
				<div class="col-md-4">占4列</div>
				<div class="col-md-6">占6列</div>
			</div>
		</div>
		<h3>栅格嵌套</h3>
		<div class="row">
			<div class="col-md-5">
				<div class="row">
					<div class="col-md-6">占5中的6/12</div>
					<div class="col-md-6">占5中的6/12</div>
				</div>	
			</div>
			<div class="col-md-7">
				<div class="row">
					<div class="col-md-4">占7中的4/12</div>
					<div class="col-md-4">占7中的4/12</div>
					<div class="col-md-4">占7中的4/12</div>
				</div>	
			</div>
		</div>

	</body>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
</html>

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7.响应式栅格系统

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Bootstrap Template</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../bootstrap3/font-awesome-4.7.0/css/font-awesome.css"/>
<style type="text/css">
	div{
		border:1px solid red;
	}
</style>
</head>
<body>
	<!-- 桌面显示器是一行显示4个 如果是pad一行显示2
	 栅格系统默认手机尺寸是一行显示1个-->
  <div class="row">
  	<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">刘德华</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">刘德华</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">刘德华</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6">刘德华</div>
  </div>
  <!-- 练习:大显示器一行显示6个 桌面显示器4个 pad一行2个 手机一行一个 -->
  <div class="row">
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  	<div class="col-md-3">张学友</div>
  </div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/holder.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/css3-mediaqueries.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../bootstrap3/js/respond.min.js"></script>
</html>

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未完待续,,,