SpringMVC-文件上传和下载

文件上传

简要

文件上传通过表单来上传，这时候就需要对表单做出一定的处理：必须将表单的method设置为POST，并将enctype设置为multipart/form-data。只有在这样的情况下，浏览器才会把用户选择的文件以二进制数据发送给服务器。
使用springmvc来上传文件
- 还需要导入文件上传所需要的依赖commins-io依赖包。
- 需要配置bean：multipartResolver

来个具体操作

引入依赖

        <!--文件上传所依赖的jar包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--   导入高版本的servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

配置bean：multipartResolver

    <!--文件上传配置-->
    <!--这个bena的id必须为：multipartResolver -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 请求的编码格式，必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致，以便正确读取表单的内容，默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!-- 上传文件大小上限，单位为字节（10485760=10M） -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>

前端表单

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file"/>
    <input type="submit" value="upload">
</form>
</body>
</html>

controller层上传文件

普通方式上传

package controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@Controller
public class FileController {
    //@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
    //批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
    @RequestMapping("/upload")
    public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file , HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
        String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

        //如果文件名为空，直接回到首页！
        if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName);

        //上传路径保存设置
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        //如果路径不存在，创建一个
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址："+realPath);

        InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName)); //文件输出流

        //读取写出
        int len=0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
            os.flush();
        }
        os.close();
        is.close();
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

}

采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件：速度更快

package controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@Controller
public class FileController {
 
    //采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件：速度更快
    @RequestMapping("/upload2")
    public String  fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

        //上传路径保存设置
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        //上传文件地址
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址："+realPath);

        //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件（注意这个时候）
        file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));

        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

}

文件下载

和文件上传差不多，controller代码稍微改变一下而已（这时候，在自己设置的下载路径下要有这张图片，不然会找不到这张图片。）

package controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

@Controller
public class FileController {

    //下载文件
    @RequestMapping(value="/download")
    public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
        //要下载的图片地址
        String  path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        String  fileName = "1.png";

        //1、设置response 响应头
        response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
        //设置响应头
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
                "attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));

        File file = new File(path,fileName);
        //2、 读取文件--输入流
        InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
        //3、 写出文件--输出流
        OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();

        byte[] buff =new byte[1024];
        int index=0;
        //4、执行 写出操作
        while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){
            out.write(buff, 0, index);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        input.close();
        return null;
    }
}