引言
由于工作需要，给公司前端做了一个小工具，使用python语言，爬取搜狗微信的微信文章
从热门到时尚圈，并且包括每个栏目下面的额加载更多内容选项
一共加起来500+篇文章
需求
爬取这些文章获取到每篇文章的标题和右侧的图片，将爬取到的图片以规定的命名方式输出到规定文件夹中，并将文章标题和图片名称对应输出到Excel和txt中
效果
完整代码如下
Package Version
------------------------- ---------
altgraph 0.17
certifi 2020.6.20
chardet 3.0.4
future 0.18.2
idna 2.10
lxml 4.5.2
pefile 2019.4.18
pip 19.0.3
pyinstaller 4.0
pyinstaller-hooks-contrib 2020.8
pywin32-ctypes 0.2.0
requests 2.24.0
setuptools 40.8.0
urllib3 1.25.10
XlsxWriter 1.3.3
xlwt 1.3.0
!/usr/bin/python
-- coding: UTF-8 --
import os
import requests
import xlsxwriter
from lxml import etree
请求微信文章的头部信息
headers = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
'Host': 'weixin.sogou.com',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.102 Safari/537.36'
}
下载图片的头部信息
headers_images = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
'Host': 'img01.sogoucdn.com',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.102 Safari/537.36'
}
a = 0
all = []
创建根目录
save_path = './微信文章'
folder = os.path.exists(save_path)
if not folder:
os.makedirs(save_path)
创建图片文件夹
images_path = '%s/图片' % save_path
folder = os.path.exists(images_path)
if not folder:
os.makedirs(images_path)
for i in range(1, 9):
for j in range(1, 5):
url = "weixin.sogou.com/pcindex/pc/…" % (i, j)
请求搜狗文章的url地址
response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers).text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8')
构造了一个XPath解析对象并对HTML文本进行自动修正
html = etree.HTML(response)
XPath使用路径表达式来选取用户名
xpath = html.xpath('/html/body/li')
for content in xpath:
计数
a = a + 1
文章标题
title = content.xpath('./div[@class="txt-box"]/h3//text()')[0]
article = {}
article['title'] = title
article['id'] = '%d.jpg' % a
all.append(article)
图片路径
path = 'http:' + content.xpath('./div[@class="img-box"]//img/@src')[0]
下载文章图片
images = requests.get(url=path, headers=headers_images).content
try:
with open('%s/%d.jpg' % (images_path, a), "wb") as f:
print('正在下载第%d篇文章图片' % a)
f.write(images)
except Exception as e:
print('下载文章图片失败%s' % e)
信息存储在excel中
创建一个workbookx
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('%s/Excel格式.xlsx' % save_path)
创建一个worksheet
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
print('正在生成Excel...')
try:
for i in range(0, len(all) + 1):
第一行用于写入表头
if i == 0:
worksheet.write(i, 0, 'title')
worksheet.write(i, 1, 'id')
continue
worksheet.write(i, 0, all[i - 1]['title'])
worksheet.write(i, 1, all[i - 1]['id'])
workbook.close()
except Exception as e:
print('生成Excel失败%s' % e)
print("生成Excel成功")
print('正在生成txt...')
try:
with open('%s/数组格式.txt' % save_path, "w") as f:
f.write(str(all))
except Exception as e:
print('生成txt失败%s' % e)
print('生成txt成功')
print('共爬取%d篇文章' % a)
最后将程序打包成exe文件，在windows系统下可以直接运行程序
你学会了吗？完整项目代码获取点这里即可
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