windows下nginx+FastCGI+Django完全攻略

1,435 阅读4分钟

最近几天在想弄一个Django项目,哈哈 就是因为django可以不用在后台管理上费力,也是偷偷懒吧,前些天调试一直是用Django自带的HTTP服务器,不过最近可能要先部署一些东西,为了更加接近真实的服务器环境,决定用FastCGI的方式试试。服务器选择了nginx,,出于懒人的做法,就直接在自己的windows里试试了。

首先确保你的电脑里已经安装了Python和Django,接下来我们还需要两个组件,nginx服务器和flup(Python的FastCGI组件)

nginx下载地址:nginx.org/en/download…

flup下载地址:www.saddi.com/software/fl…

与Linux下不同的是,nginx在windows下是以一个应用程序的方式运行,而不是以一个服务运行(难怪没人在windows服务器上用nginx)

把刚刚下载好的两个压缩包都解压到C:\nginx\, C:\flup\(目录可自己选择,这里只做个演示)然后用python setup.py install 命令

安装flup,接着就要配置nginx了,打开C:\nginx\conf\nginx.conf,我的配置文件如下,大家可根据需要自行修改:

[Bash shell]
纯文本查看
复制代码
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017
018
019
020
021
022
023
024
025
026
027
028
029
030
031
032
033
034
035
036
037
038
039
040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047
048
049
050
051
052
053
054
055
056
057
058
059
060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067
068
069
070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077
078
079
080
081
082
083
084
085
086
087
088
089
090
091
092
093
094
095
096
097
098
099
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass [url=http://127.0.0.1]http://127.0.0.1[/url];
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
# 静态资源
location ~* ^.+\.(html|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|js)$
{
root e:/gin/gin/;
expires 30d;
break;
}
location ~ ^/static/ {
root e:/gin/gin/;
expires 30d;
break;
}
location ~ ^/ {
# 指定 fastcgi 的主机和端口
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8051;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_pass_header Authorization;
fastcgi_intercept_errors off;
}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}


需要注意的是,对于不需要url rewrite的目录,比如存放css和图片的目录,需要在配置文件里指明,否则将无法访问这些文件



[Bash shell]
纯文本查看
复制代码
1
2
3
4
location ~ ^/static/ {
root e:/gin/gin/;
expires 30d;
break; }


最后一步就是运行nginx服务器,并且用FastCGI运行你的Django项目了

进入nginx的目录:



[Bash shell]
纯文本查看
复制代码
1
2
cd c:\nginx\
start nginx


然后在浏览器里访问http://loaclhost/ 就应该可以看到nginx的欢迎界面了。最后进入你的Django项目的根目录,然后用一下命令来运行服务器:

[Bash shell]
纯文本查看
复制代码
1
python manage.py runfcgi method=threaded host=127.0.0.1 port=8051



刷新localhost页面,你就能看到你的项目主页啦~~


补充一点windwos下nginx操作的命令(来自官方文档)


[Bash shell]
纯文本查看
复制代码
1
2
3
4
nginx -s stop quick exit
nginx -s quit graceful quit
nginx -s reload changing configuration, starting a new worker, quitting an old worker gracefully
nginx -s reopen reopening log files
更多免费技术资料可关注:annalin1203