整洁架构
- 独立于框架
- 可测试
- 独立于UI
- 独立于数据库
- 独立于外部依赖
TODO
架构设计
Data Layer（数据层）
仓储模式（Repository Pattern）是存在于业务和数据库之间单独分离出来的一层，是对数据访问的封装。
- 业务层无需知道具体实现达到分离关注点
- 提高对数据访问的维护，对于仓储的改变并不改变业务的逻辑
接口
public interface TasksDataSource {
void getTask(@NonNull String taskId, @NonNull GetTaskCallback callback);
void saveTask(@NonNull Task task);
void completeTask(@NonNull Task task);
void deleteTask(@NonNull String taskId);
}
Domain Layer (领域层)
- 包含所有的业务逻辑
- Use case 定义应用程序需要的操作
- 该层是一个纯Java模块，没有任何Android依赖项
Task Domain
public final class Task {
private final String mId;
private final String mTitle;
private final String mDescription;
private final boolean mCompleted;
// ... ...
}
public class CompleteTask extends UseCase<CompleteTask.RequestValues, CompleteTask.ResponseValue> {
private final TasksRepository mTasksRepository;
@Override
protected void executeUseCase(final RequestValues values) {
String completedTask = values.getCompletedTask();
mTasksRepository.completeTask(completedTask);
getUseCaseCallback().onSuccess(new ResponseValue());
}
}
Statistics Domain
public class Statistics {
private final int completedTasks;
private final int activeTasks;
//... ...
}
public class GetStatistics extends UseCase<GetStatistics.RequestValues, GetStatistics.ResponseValue> {
private final TasksRepository mTasksRepository;
@Override
protected void executeUseCase(RequestValues requestValues) {
mTasksRepository.getTasks(new TasksDataSource.LoadTasksCallback() {
@Override
public void onTasksLoaded(List<Task> tasks) {
int activeTasks = 0;
int completedTasks = 0;
// We calculate number of active and completed tasks
}
});
}
Presentation Layer (表现层)
- 根据Domain Layer的数据进行界面显示
- 将业务逻辑移动到领域层中更小粒度的Use case，避免Presenter的代码重复
Presenter
public class TasksPresenter implements TasksContract.Presenter {
private final TasksContract.View mTasksView;
private final GetTasks mGetTasks;
private final CompleteTask mCompleteTask;
private void loadTasks(boolean forceUpdate, final boolean showLoadingUI) {
GetTasks.RequestValues requestValue = new GetTasks.RequestValues(forceUpdate,
mCurrentFiltering);
mUseCaseHandler.execute(mGetTasks, requestValue,
new UseCase.UseCaseCallback<GetTasks.ResponseValue>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(GetTasks.ResponseValue response) {
// ... ...
}
@Override
public void onError() {
// The view may not be able to handle UI updates anymore
if (!mTasksView.isActive()) {
return;
}
mTasksView.showLoadingTasksError();
}
});
}
}
Test
- Presentation Layer (表现层)：小型/中型测试， Robolectric、Espresso
- Domain Layer (领域层)：小型测试，Junit、Mockito
- Data Layer（数据层）： 小型/中型测试，Robolectric（因为该层具有android依赖项），Junit、Mockito
中型测试
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class TasksScreenTest {
private void createTask(String title, String description) {
// Click on the add task button
onView(withId(R.id.fab_add_task)).perform(click());
// Add task title and description
onView(withId(R.id.add_task_title)).perform(typeText(title),
closeSoftKeyboard()); // Type new task title
onView(withId(R.id.add_task_description)).perform(typeText(description),
closeSoftKeyboard()); // Type new task description and close the keyboard
// Save the task
onView(withId(R.id.fab_edit_task_done)).perform(click());
}
// ... ...
}
小型测试
public class TasksPresenterTest {
@Test
public void completeTask_ShowsTaskMarkedComplete() {
// Given a stubbed task
Task task = new Task("Details Requested", "For this task");
// When task is marked as complete
mTasksPresenter.completeTask(task);
// Then repository is called and task marked complete UI is shown
verify(mTasksRepository).completeTask(eq(task.getId()));
verify(mTasksView).showTaskMarkedComplete();
}
//... ...
}
示例（Java）
android/architecture-samples
推荐（Kotlin）
android10/Android-CleanArchitecture-Kotlin
关于
欢迎关注我的个人公众号
微信搜索：一码一浮生，或者搜索公众号ID:life2code
