Swoole 多协议 多端口 的应用

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原文链接: mp.weixin.qq.com

第 81 篇文章

这是关于 Swoole 学习的第五篇文章:Swoole 多协议 多端口 的应用。

概述

主要参考官方的这两篇文章,进行实现的 Demo。

  • 网络通信协议设计:

    https://wiki.swoole.com/wiki/page/484.html

  • 多端口监听的使用:

    https://wiki.swoole.com/wiki/page/161.html

希望通过我提供的 Demo,能够对文档有更加深刻的理解。

网络通信协议设计

为什么需要通信协议?

官方:TCP协议在底层机制上解决了UDP协议的顺序和丢包重传问题。但相比UDP又带来了新的问题,TCP协议是流式的,数据包没有边界。应用程序使用TCP通信就会面临这些难题。因为TCP通信是流式的,在接收1个大数据包时,可能会被拆分成多个数据包发送。多次Send底层也可能会合并成一次进行发送。这里就需要2个操作来解决:分包 和 合包,所以TCP网络通信时需要设定通信协议。

Swoole 支持了2种类型的自定义网络通信协议 :EOF结束符协议、固定包头+包体协议。

EOF结束符协议

先看下,未设置协议的效果:

发送的每条数据长度都是 23,但在 onReceive 接收数据的时候每次接收的长度不一样,并没有按照想象的方式进行分包。

再看下,设置了EOF结束符协议的效果:

发送的每条数据长度都是 23,在 onReceive 接收数据的时候每次接收的也是 23 ,完美。

主要设置项如下:

    'package_max_length' => '8192',

    'open_eof_split' => true,

    'package_eof' => "\r\n"

不做解释,官方文档已经写的很清楚。

示例代码如下:

server.php

    <?php

    class Server

    {

    private $serv;

    public function __construct() {

    $this->serv = new swoole_server('0.0.0.0', 9501);

    $this->serv->set([

    'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程

    'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次

    'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式

    //EOF结束符协议

    'package_max_length' => '8192',

    'open_eof_split' => true,

    'package_eof' => "\r\n"

    ]);

    $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']);

    $this->serv->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']);

    $this->serv->on("Receive", [$this, 'onReceive']);

    $this->serv->on("Close", [$this, 'onClose']);

    $this->serv->start();

    }

    public function onStart($serv) {

    echo "#### onStart ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "SWOOLE ".SWOOLE_VERSION . " 服务已启动".PHP_EOL;

    echo "swoole_cpu_num:".swoole_cpu_num().PHP_EOL;

    echo "master_pid: {$serv->master_pid}".PHP_EOL;

    echo "manager_pid: {$serv->manager_pid}".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onConnect($serv, $fd) {

    echo "#### onConnect ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "客户端:".$fd." 已连接".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onReceive($serv, $fd, $from_id, $data) {

    echo "#### onReceive ####".PHP_EOL;

    var_dump($data);

    }

    public function onClose($serv, $fd) {

    echo "Client Close.".PHP_EOL;

    }

    }

    $server = new Server();

client.php

    <?php

    class Client

    {

    private $client;

    public function __construct() {

    $this->client = new swoole_client(SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP, SWOOLE_SOCK_ASYNC);

    $this->client->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']);

    $this->client->on('Close', [$this, 'onClose']);

    $this->client->on('Error', [$this, 'onError']);

    }

    public function connect() {

    if(!$fp = $this->client->connect("127.0.0.1", 9501)) {

    echo "Error: {$fp->errMsg}[{$fp->errCode}]".PHP_EOL;

    return;

    }

    }

    public function onConnect() {

    fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):");

    swoole_event_add(STDIN, function() {

    $msg = trim(fgets(STDIN));

    if ($msg == 'y') {

    $this->send();

    }

    fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):");

    });

    }

    public function send() {

    $msg_info = "客户端发信息...\r\n";

    $i = 0;

    while ($i < 50) {

    var_dump($msg_info);

    $this->client->send($msg_info);

    $i++;

    }

    }

    public function onClose() {

    echo "Client close connection".PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onError() {

    }

    }

    $client = new Client();

    $client->connect();

固定包头+包体协议

先看下,未设置协议的效果:

很明显,在 onReceive 接收到的数据,是少的。

再看下,设置协议的效果:

主要设置项如下:

    'open_length_check' => true,

    'package_max_length' => '8192',

    'package_length_type' => 'N',

    'package_length_offset' => '0',

    'package_body_offset' => '4',

不做解释,官方文档已经写的很清楚。

示例代码如下:

server.php

    <?php

    class Server

    {

    private $serv;

    public function __construct() {

    $this->serv = new swoole_server('0.0.0.0', 9501);

    $this->serv->set([

    'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程

    'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次

    'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式

    //固定包头+包体协议

    'open_length_check' => true,

    'package_max_length' => '8192',

    'package_length_type' => 'N',

    'package_length_offset' => '0',

    'package_body_offset' => '4',

    ]);

    $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']);

    $this->serv->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']);

    $this->serv->on("Receive", [$this, 'onReceive']);

    $this->serv->on("Close", [$this, 'onClose']);

    $this->serv->start();

    }

    public function onStart($serv) {

    echo "#### onStart ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "swoole_cpu_num:".swoole_cpu_num().PHP_EOL;

    echo "SWOOLE ".SWOOLE_VERSION . " 服务已启动".PHP_EOL;

    echo "master_pid: {$serv->master_pid}".PHP_EOL;

    echo "manager_pid: {$serv->manager_pid}".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onConnect($serv, $fd) {

    echo "#### onConnect ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "客户端:".$fd." 已连接".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onReceive($serv, $fd, $from_id, $data) {

    echo "#### onReceive ####".PHP_EOL;

    $length = unpack('N', $data)[1];

    echo "Length:".$length.PHP_EOL;

    $msg = substr($data, -$length);

    echo "Msg:".$msg.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onClose($serv, $fd) {

    echo "Client Close.".PHP_EOL;

    }

    }

    $server = new Server();

client.php

    <?php

    class Client

    {

    private $client;

    public function __construct() {

    $this->client = new swoole_client(SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP, SWOOLE_SOCK_ASYNC);

    $this->client->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']);

    $this->client->on('Close', [$this, 'onClose']);

    $this->client->on('Error', [$this, 'onError']);

    }

    public function connect() {

    if(!$fp = $this->client->connect("127.0.0.1", 9501, 1)) {

    echo "Error: {$fp->errMsg}[{$fp->errCode}]".PHP_EOL;

    return;

    }

    }

    public function onConnect() {

    fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):");

    swoole_event_add(STDIN, function() {

    $msg = trim(fgets(STDIN));

    if ($msg == 'y') {

    $this->send();

    }

    fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):");

    });

    }

    public function send() {

    $msg = '客户端发的信息...';

    $msg_info = pack('N', strlen($msg)).$msg;

    $i = 0;

    while ($i < 50) {

    var_dump($msg_info);

    $this->client->send($msg_info);

    $i++;

    }

    }

    public function onClose() {

    echo "Client close connection".PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onError() {

    }

    }

    $client = new Client();

    $client->connect();

多端口监听的使用

上图,是示例代码中的端口监听:

  • 9501 onMessage 处理 WebSocket。

  • 9501 onRequest 处理 HTTP。

  • 9502 onReceive 处理 TCP。

  • 9503 onPacket 处理 UDP。

不多说,看下效果图:

示例代码如下:

server.php

    <?php

    class Server

    {

    private $serv;

    public function __construct() {

    $this->serv = new swoole_websocket_server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

    $this->serv->set([

    'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程

    'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次

    'task_worker_num' => 4, //开启4个task进程

    'dispatch_mode' => 4, //数据包分发策略 - IP分配

    'daemonize' => false, //守护进程(true/false)

    ]);

    $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']);

    $this->serv->on('Open', [$this, 'onOpen']);

    $this->serv->on("Message", [$this, 'onMessage']);

    $this->serv->on("Request", [$this, 'onRequest']);

    $this->serv->on("Close", [$this, 'onClose']);

    $this->serv->on("Task", [$this, 'onTask']);

    $this->serv->on("Finish", [$this, 'onFinish']);

    //监听 9502 端口

    $tcp = $this->serv->listen("0.0.0.0", 9502, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP);

    $tcp->set([

    'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程

    'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次

    'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式

    //固定包头+包体协议

    'open_length_check' => true,

    'package_max_length' => '8192',

    'package_length_type' => 'N',

    'package_length_offset' => '0',

    'package_body_offset' => '4',

    ]);

    $tcp->on("Receive", [$this, 'onReceive']);

    //监听 9503 端口

    $udp = $this->serv->listen("0.0.0.0", 9503, SWOOLE_SOCK_UDP);

    $udp->set([

    'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程

    'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次

    'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式

    ]);

    $udp->on("Packet", [$this, 'onPacket']);

    $this->serv->start();

    }

    public function onStart($serv) {

    echo "#### onStart ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "SWOOLE ".SWOOLE_VERSION . " 服务已启动".PHP_EOL;

    echo "master_pid: {$serv->master_pid}".PHP_EOL;

    echo "manager_pid: {$serv->manager_pid}".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onOpen($serv, $request) {

    echo "#### onOpen ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "server: handshake success with fd{$request->fd}".PHP_EOL;

    $serv->task([

    'type' => 'login'

    ]);

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onTask($serv, $task_id, $from_id, $data) {

    echo "#### onTask ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "#{$serv->worker_id} onTask: [PID={$serv->worker_pid}]: task_id={$task_id}".PHP_EOL;

    $msg = '';

    switch ($data['type']) {

    case 'login':

    $msg = '我来了...';

    break;

    case 'speak':

    $msg = $data['msg'];

    break;

    }

    foreach ($serv->connections as $fd) {

    $connectionInfo = $serv->connection_info($fd);

    if (isset($connectionInfo['websocket_status']) && $connectionInfo['websocket_status'] == 3) {

    $serv->push($fd, $msg); //长度最大不得超过2M

    }

    }

    $serv->finish($data);

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onFinish($serv,$task_id, $data) {

    echo "#### onFinish ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "Task {$task_id} 已完成".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onClose($serv, $fd) {

    echo "#### onClose ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "client {$fd} closed".PHP_EOL;

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onMessage($serv, $frame) {

    echo "#### onMessage ####".PHP_EOL;

    echo "receive from fd{$frame->fd}:{$frame->data},opcode:{$frame->opcode},fin:{$frame->finish}".PHP_EOL;

    $serv->task(['type' => 'speak', 'msg' => $frame->data]);

    echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onRequest($request, $response) {

    echo "#### onRequest ####".PHP_EOL;

    $response->header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8");

    $server = $request->server;

    $path_info = $server['path_info'];

    $request_uri = $server['request_uri'];

    echo "PATH_INFO:".$path_info.PHP_EOL;

    if ($path_info == '/favicon.ico' || $request_uri == '/favicon.ico') {

    return $response->end();

    }

    $html = "<h1>你好 Swoole.</h1>";

    $response->end($html);

    }

    public function onReceive($serv, $fd, $from_id, $data) {

    echo "#### onReceive ####".PHP_EOL;

    $length = unpack('N', $data)[1];

    echo "Length:".$length.PHP_EOL;

    $msg = substr($data, -$length);

    echo "Msg:".$msg.PHP_EOL;

    }

    public function onPacket($serv, $data, $clientInfo) {

    echo "#### onPacket ####".PHP_EOL;

    $serv->sendto($clientInfo['address'], $clientInfo['port'], "Server ".$data);

    var_dump($clientInfo);

    }

    }

    $server = new Server();

4 个客户端连接的代码分别是:

1、9501 onMessage 处理 WebSocket。可以参考原来文章 Swoole WebSocket 的应用 中的代码即可。

2、9501 onRequest 处理 HTTP。可以参考原来文章 Swoole HTTP 的应用 中的代码即可。

3、9502 onReceive 处理 TCP。可以参考原来文章 Swoole Task 的应用 中的代码即可。

4、9503 onPacket 处理 UDP。

示例代码:

    netcat -u 10.211.55.4 9503

小结

一、多端口的应用场景是什么?

比如,开发一个直播网站,直播用一个端口,IM聊天用一个端口。

比如,开发一个RPC服务,数据通讯用一个端口,统计界面用一个端口。

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