cobbler介绍
cobbler是一个linux服务器快速网络安装的服务,由python开发,小巧轻便,可以通过PXE方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器,同时还可以管理dhcp、DNS、TFTP、RSYNC以及yum仓库、构造系统镜像,也提供了web界面管理工具(cobbler-web),还提供了API接口,方便二次开发
cobbler的工作流程
cobbler集成的服务
- pxe服务
- DHCP服务
- DNS服务管理
- kickstart服务支持
- yum
- TFTP
- 电源管理
- apache
配置目录
文件目录
/etc/cobbler
/etc/cobbler/settings : cobbler 主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/iso/: iso模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxe: pxe模板文件
/etc/cobbler/power: 电源配置文件
/etc/cobbler/user.conf: web服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest: web访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template : dhcp服务器的的配置末班
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template : dns服务器的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template : tftp服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf : 模块的配置文件
数据目录:
/var/lib/cobbler/config/: 用于存放distros,system,profiles 等信 息配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/: 用于存放用户定义的cobbler命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstart/: 默认存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/: 存放各种引导程序 镜像目录
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/: 导入的发行版系统的所有数据
/var/www/cobbler/images/ : 导入发行版的kernel和initrd镜像用于 远程网络启动
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/: yum 仓库存储目录
日志目录:
/var/log/cobbler/installing: 客户端安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log : cobbler日志
命令介绍
cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
cobbler list 列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report 列出元素的详细信息
cobbler sync 同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync 同步yum仓库
cobbler distro 查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system 查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile 查看配置信息
cobbler的安装
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查看系统信息
# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) # uname -r 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 # hostname -I 192.168.1.110 172.17.0.1
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关闭防火墙、selinux等
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配置epel源
rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-10.noarch.rpm
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安装cobbler等软件
yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler xinetd cobbler-web
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启动相关服务
systemctl start httpd systemctl enable httpd systemctl start cobblerd systemctl enable cobblerd
-
检查当前配置存在的错误
corrbler check
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解决存在的问题
1.sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.1.110/' /etc/cobbler/settings 2.sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.1.110/' /etc/cobbler/settings 3.修改/etc/xinetc/xinetd.d/tftp中disable的yes为no 4.cobbler get-loaders 下载缺失的文件 5.systemctl enable rsync 6.openssl passwd -1 -salt '123123' '123123' 7.vim /etc/cobbler/setting default_password_crypted:'上一步生成的密码' 8.cobbler check 9.systemctl restart cobblerd 10.cobbler sync
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配置cobbler-DHCP
1.vim /etc/cobbler/settings manage_dhcp: 1 2.vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.1.1; option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.250; 3.systemctl restart cobblerd 4.cobbler sync
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导入镜像
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=--name=CentOS7-X86_64 --arch=x86_64 cobbler list cobbler distro list yum install tree -y tree /var/lib/tftpboot/images cobbler profile report cobbler sync
10.重启各服务
systemctl restart cobblerd.service
systemctl restart dhcpd.service
systemctl restart xinetd.service
systemctl restart httpd.service
11.浏览器访问(https访问)
遇到问题 500:internal server error 原因:python-django的版本问题 解决方案:wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
pip install Django==1.8.9
python -c "import django; print(django.get_version())"
systemctl restart httpd
- 新建虚拟机测试